Supporting articulation work using software configuration management systems

Software product development is a highly collaborative activity, where teams of developers need to collaborate to produce a system. It is also a domain where systems are used to try to help the developers coordinate their work. This paper describes the results of an empirical study of the use of one such system, a configuration management tool. Specifically it describes three aspects of the support that the tool provides: the challenges of representing the work, the need to support both individuals and groups working together, and how the assumptions about software development built into the tool interact with others in the organization. The study suggests that long after the initial adoption the tool and the organization continue to interact with each other. It also opens up questions for empirical studies of the organizational context behind the tool usage.This work was supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Researcch Council, United Kingdom. This work was conducted while at the University of California, Irvine.     

Web数据提取与发布工具的设计与实现

介绍一个Web数据提取与发布工具,内容包括系统结构、功能设计、数据组织、界面设计和实现技术。该工具已用于多个部门信息网站建设和信息系统开发之中。     

Conceptual transaction modeling

Transaction modeling, which involves capturing the dynamic properties of an organization, is seen as a necessary component in data modeling. A specification language-transaction schema based on the ACM/PCM specification language-is implemented as the transaction modeling tool. The benefit of such a modeling tool is discussed and, in particular, illustrated by its capability to extend the static schema automatically in order to support the intended transactions     

An Integrated Model for Introducing Intranets

An intranet as a new decision-making tool has gained much popularity in recent years. the design and implementation of this powerful decision-making tool is a multifaceted and complex process. This article presents an integrated model for a successful introduction of an intranet into an organization.     

Tool support for disseminating and improving development practices

Knowledge management in software engineering and software process improvement activities pose challenges as initiatives are deployed. Most existing approaches are either too expensive to deploy or do not take an organization’s specific needs into consideration. There is thus a need for scalable improvement approaches that leverage knowledge already residing in the organizations. This paper presents tool support for an Experience Factory approach for disseminating and improving practices used in an organization. Experiences from using practices in development projects are captured in postmortems and provide iteratively improved decision support for identifying what practices work well and what needs improvement. An initial evaluation of using the tool for organizational improvement has been performed utilizing both academia and industry. The results from the evaluation indicate that organizational characteristics influence how practices and experiences can be used. Experiences collected in postmortems are estimated to have little effect on improvements to practices used throughout the organization. However, in organizations where different practices are used in different parts of the organization, making practices available together with experiences from use, as well as having context information, can influence decisions on what practices to use in projects.     

A computer-based goal-oriented productivity index

This paper presents a Weighted Multi-Factor Productivity Index. This index monitors the performance of an organization and identifies productivity problems. Key resource factors are defined and a weighting technique, with both subjective and objective attributes, is presented. This productivity index is dynamic and responsive to the changing needs of an organization and is a goal oriented measuring tool.     

国产软硬件环境下图像组织浏览构件设计

针对在国产软硬件环境下,应用系统读取、浏览大量图像数据的速度慢问题,设计了图像组织浏览构件。通过改进图像组织方式,将基础影像和目标对象图像分开组织管理,并对目标对象图像的属性和分层、分类进行探讨,实现图像信息的快速展现。对图像组织浏览构件进行了插件化设计与实现,利用QT跨平台开发工具,实现了应用集成框架,并通过实现统一集成接口,进行各业务插件的集成。     

机床控制流程的一种有限状态机表达方法

面向过程的IEC-1131-3规范已难以满足机床 控制流程表达新的应用需求,为了更好地支持控制器开放式体系结构设计和面向对象系统实 现技术,我们扩展了有限状态机的基本概念,提出了一种机床控制流程表达的分层式有限状 态机(FSM)方法．本文首先对分层式FSM的组织方法、特性、形式定义等进行了详细讨论;为 了进一步阐明这种方法的表达特性,我们介绍了一种分层式FSM表达的机床控制器总体结构 ,并讨论了这种结构下的开放性设计表达和系统实现等相关问题．     

Five Keys to Project Knowledge Sharing

This paper discussed few answers to some questions that can help guide selecting a tool for knowledge sharing across software projects. The answers to the five questions might be consistent among all software projects within an organization; therefore, the tool can and should be adopted at the organizational level and made available to all software projects. Many knowledge-sharing tools are conducive to organizational adoption, such as postmortem analysis, content repositories, and investment and portfolio management systems     

输入法对照表管理技术

每种输入法都要维护与之相应的对照表,对照表是为输入法服务的,因此对照表的组织和管理需要体现输入法的特性。由于不同的输入法之间存在着很多共性,因此在对对照表进行组织和管理时有很多相同的要求,其中很重要的一点是要保证对照表的一致性。本文首先介绍了各种输入法的共性,接着分析如何组织对照表,并给出一个对照表结构
构;最后结合实践经验介绍如何开发针对该对照表的管理工具,并举例介绍了如何通过一个规则检查模块来保证对照表的一致性。     

一种面向服务的领域特征模型

针对面向服务的领域需求表达与规约化组织,提出一种扩展的服务特征概念与服务特征模型,以及基于OWL本体描述语言的服务特征本体元模型。扩展的服务特征概念可更为完整地表征面向服务领域的服务需求语义,而扩展的服务特征模型则为面向服务领域需求提供了一种易于扩展的规约化组织模型。模型通过特征关系映射,既克服了传统特征模型的特征组织形式的局限性,也丰富了服务特征间的语义关系,并可更好地支持基于特征的领域需求配置管理与定制。最后,通过给出的一个原型辅助建模工具实现,验证了模型的适用性。     

Visio2003在计算机组成原理课件制作中的应用

制作计算机组成原理课件的关键问题是绘制大量的电路图、流程图和示意图。本文介绍了Visio2003在绘制相关图形方面的应用。实践证明,用Visio2003绘制的图形,既简单又方便,是一种理想的绘图软件。     

A method for software quality planning, control, and evaluation

Squid is a method and a tool for quality assurance and a control that allows a software development organization to plan and control product quality during development. The Telescience software development project used it to build a remote monitoring and control system based in Antarctica     

Appropriation of a shared workspace: Organizing principles and their application

The use and effects of a CSCL-tool are not always predictable from the properties of the tool alone, but depend on how that tool is appropriated. This paper presents the findings from a case study about the appropriation of a graphical shared workspace. When students are presented with a new tool they may encounter competing constraints and multiple possibilities for interacting with it. We argue that during critical events the students make choices, and in order to collaborate, coordinate these choices as a group. We study appropriation by looking into the ways in which small groups organize their contributions during a computer-mediated argumentative discussion. The results of our study illustrate how certain principles for organization emerge from an implicit negotiation of conventions, with mutual influence between the students and the tool.     

Visio 2003在计算机组成原理课件制作中的应用

制作计算机组成原理课件的关键问题是绘制大量的电路图、流程图和示意图。本文介绍了Visio 2003在绘制相关图形方面的应用。实践证明．用Visio 2003绘制的图形。既简单又方便，是一种理想的绘图软件。     

Digital toolbox [intranets]

The author relates his experiences in hiring an additional Webmaster for his organization. The company Web-based content and server systems had become tool large and complex for the existing staff to handle. He considers the elements of successful intranet implementation which are similar to those required for Internet-based Web services     

Automated product concept design: unifying aesthetics andengineering

An experimental computer-aided design tool that actively assists in conceptual industrial design of consumer electronics products with injection-molded housings is discussed. This concept phase design tool uses manufacturing, ergonomic, aesthetic, and styling considerations to improve the entire product development process. The model's organization level performs spatial partitioning of components. The surfacing level generates an enclosure for product design. The third level adds style-specific details, and the fourth level applies graphical elements such as color or decals. Examples are presented to show that the system can create designs both meaningful to humans and distinctive in style over a range of products     

A revised iterative algorithm for decomposition goal programming

The decomposition approach has received increasing attention in recent years not only as ft computational technique for large-scale management models but also as a systematic tool for designing organizational structure and information systems in decentralized organizations. In this paper, a revised iterative algorithm is developed for multicriteria decomposition in an organization by utilizing goal programming. The algorithm not only has the capability of dealing with multicriteria decomposition problems but is also useful for evaluating organizational effectiveness of a decentralized organization. A simple example is presented for an illustrative purpose of the algorithm application.