PBSu/PBAu嵌段聚酯酰脲共聚物的合成及流变性能

以羟基或氨基封端的丁二酸-丁二醇-尿素(Poly(butylene-succinate-urea),PBSu)聚酯酰脲共聚物与己二酸-丁二醇-尿素(Poly(butyleneadipate-urea),PBAu)聚酯酰脲共聚物为预聚物,借助甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯(Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate,TDI)对两种预聚物进行扩链反应,得到一种新的含PBSu和PBAu链段的可降解嵌段聚酯酰脲共聚物(PBSu-b-PBAu)。改变扩链时间、扩链温度、扩链剂含量进行了该嵌段共聚物的合成实验,并采用单因素选择法得到TDI扩链合成嵌段共聚物的最佳工艺条件。通过GPC、旋转流变仪、毛细管流变仪测定了最佳工艺条件下合成的不同进料比的嵌段共聚物的分子量和流变性能,结果表明含PBSu和PBAu链段的可降解嵌段聚酯酰脲共聚物具有比PBSu和PBAu更高的黏度和更好的弹性效应。     

TBCL对PLA及LA/CL共聚物预聚体的扩链反应

以乳酸或乳酸及ε-己内酯,与二元醇如丁二醇或一缩二乙二醇在催化剂的存在下缩聚,合成端羟基聚乳酸预聚体(HO-PLA-OH)或乳酸-ε-己内酯共聚物预聚体(HO-P(LA/CP)-OH)。以对苯二甲酰双己内酰胺(TBCL)为扩链剂,研究了扩链温度、预聚体结构、扩链剂/预聚体配比、扩链时间等对扩链反应的影响。结果表明,在扩链温度为150℃,酸值为0.9、黏均分子量为1120的(HO-P(LA/CP)-OH)预聚体,在扩链剂/预聚体的摩尔比为1.2时,经2 h扩链反应后,黏均分子量达到8630。并采用凝胶渗透色谱法对扩链前后聚合物的分子量变化进行了表征。     

巯基封端的聚氨酯液体橡胶的制备

用甲苯二异氰酸酯、聚醚多元醇和巯醇通过三步法合成出一种具有聚氨酯主链结构特征巯基封端的液体橡胶(MTPU).研究了不同的催化剂、聚醚多元醇的分子量、以及扩链剂的用量对MTPU性能的影响.结果表明,随着扩链剂用量的增加,合成液体橡胶的反应周期缩短,本体黏度增加,用自制催化剂和两种不同分子量聚醚多元醇混用合成的液体橡胶性能最佳.     

生物降解聚丁二酸丁二醇/二甘醇酯的合成与性能研究

以丁二酸(SA)、1,4-丁二醇(BD)和二甘醇(DEG)为原料,通过直接聚合法合成了可生物降解的聚丁二酸丁二醇/二甘醇酯(PBDGS)。采用1H-NMR,GPC,DSC等对产物进行了表征,研究了物料配比对共聚酯热性能、力学性能、降解性能和亲水性的影响。结果表明,DEG的引入能够有效抑制聚酯链段的结晶能力,同时改善材料的亲水性,使其降解性能较纯PBS有显著提高。     

硬段结构对3,3-双(叠氮甲基)环氧丁烷-四氢呋喃共聚醚弹性体力学性能的影响EI北大核心CSCD

以3,3-双(叠氮甲基)环氧丁烷-四氢呋喃共聚醚(PBT)为软段,不同异氰酸酯和扩链剂为硬段,以一步法合成了不同硬段结构的聚氨酯弹性体。采用广角X射线衍射对其结构进行表征,表明刚性扩链剂(SR)制备的弹性体衍射峰强度比柔性扩链剂(DEG)制备的弹性体强,表明其硬段排列较规整。进一步采用常温拉伸、高温蠕变和低温动态力学分析等手段对其进行了不同温度的力学性能测试,结果显示SR扩链后弹性体拉伸强度达到5.36 MPa,较DEG扩链弹性体的2.29 MPa有很大提高,初始分解温度前者(208℃)也高于后者(198℃),高温蠕变量也从90.1%降到39.7%;与扩链剂相比,异氰酸酯结构对力学性能的影响较小,由包含对称结构的甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)固化的弹性体拉伸强度(5.36 MPa)比4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)固化的弹性体(3.16 MPa)高,低温和高温性能相差不大。     

硬段结构对3,3-双(叠氮甲基)环氧丁烷-四氢呋喃共聚醚弹性体力学性能的影响

以3,3-双(叠氮甲基)环氧丁烷-四氢呋喃共聚醚(PBT)为软段,不同异氰酸酯和扩链剂为硬段,以一步法合成了不同硬段结构的聚氨酯弹性体。采用广角X射线衍射对其结构进行表征,表明刚性扩链剂(SR)制备的弹性体衍射峰强度比柔性扩链剂(DEG)制备的弹性体强,表明其硬段排列较规整。进一步采用常温拉伸、高温蠕变和低温动态力学分析等手段对其进行了不同温度的力学性能测试,结果显示SR扩链后弹性体拉伸强度达到5.36 MPa,较DEG扩链弹性体的2.29 MPa有很大提高,初始分解温度前者(208℃)也高于后者(198℃),高温蠕变量也从90.1%降到39.7%;与扩链剂相比,异氰酸酯结构对力学性能的影响较小,由包含对称结构的甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)固化的弹性体拉伸强度(5.36 MPa)比4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)固化的弹性体(3.16 MPa)高,低温和高温性能相差不大。     

一元胺为扩链剂合成聚氨酯的研究

采用一元胺为扩链剂和逐步减少扩链剂用量的方法合成了一系列聚氨酯样品,发现随着扩链剂量用的减少,断裂和伸长放拉伸强度都有显著的增加,当聚四氢呋喃二元醇分子量是１６８４,正成理论论是的一半时,断裂伸长率和拉伸强度分别达到１９９０％和１０＾４Ｎ／ｃｍ２,这是用传统的合成方法所达不到的。小角激光光散射的结果显示本文合成的样品为亚微观无定形结构。     

扩链剂对环氧聚氨酯复合乳液性能的影响

以甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI-80)、聚醚二醇(N220)、三乙胺(TEA)为原料,1,4丁二醇(BDO)、乙二胺(EDA)为小分子扩链剂,二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)为亲水扩链剂,环氧树脂E-20为大分子扩链剂,合成了环氧聚氨酯复合乳液,讨论了几种扩链剂对合成的乳液性能的影响.结果表明,乳液的黏度、涂膜的硬度、拉伸强度随BDO、EDA、DMPA和E-20用量的增加而增大;乳液的外观和稳定性随BDO、EDA和E-20用量的增加变差,随DMPA的用量增加而变好;涂膜的吸水率随BDO和E-20用量的增加而减小,随EDA和DMPA用量增加先减小后增大.当BDO的添加量为6％、EDA为0.5％、DMPA为6％、E-20为5％～8％时,所制得的环氧聚氨酯复合乳液性能较好.     

两性离子型水性聚氨酯构效关系研究

以异佛尔酮而异氰酸酯、含磺酸基的聚酯二元醇、聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇、1,4-丁二醇为原料,以叔胺型扩链剂为亲水扩链剂,将含有阴离子磺酸基的水溶性聚酯多元醇引入到阳离子性的水性聚氨酯分子结构中,制备出含有阴、阳两性离子型聚氨酯。利用红外光谱、透射电子显微镜、激光粒度分析仪、原子力显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和乳液电位分析等手段对两性离子乳液进行了分析表征,结果发现两性离子水性聚氨酯在不同pH值环境下具有不同的电离状态,乳液在酸性条件下,zeta电位为50.4mV,呈现阳离子性,乳液在碱性条件下,zeta电位为-48.3mV,乳液显示为阴离子性,说明水性聚氨酯具有阴、阳两性特征。因此两性离子型水性聚氨酯较单一离子特性的水性聚氨酯在烘干过程中更容易产生胶粒与胶粒间作用力,能够表现出更大初粘性,更适合制备水性聚氨酯粘合剂。     

高分子量聚丁二酸丁二醇酯的制备及性能研究

以1,4-丁二醇和丁二酸为原料,通过加入少量的扩链剂,利用直接缩聚法在短时间内合成了高分子量的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS).采用GPC、DSC以及TGA等方法对产物进行了表征,同时研究了扩链剂的加入对聚合物性能的影响.结果表明,当扩链剂加入量为PBS预聚物的2.5％时,扩链产物的性能最佳,重均分子量由3万上升到17万,拉...     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.     

新闻(英文)

正China and Greece Sign the Standardization Cooperation Agreement Witnessed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras,AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping and ELOT Chairman and Executive Director Angelos Tolkas signed the SAC-ELOT Standardization Cooperation Agreement.The Agreement is one of the critical cooperation documents signed during Li Keqiang’s visit in Greece,encouraging China and Greece to     

Win-Win Cooperation

正The Chinese Premier Li Keqiang's recent trip to the UK has reinforced the China-UK comprehensive strategic partnership;just as the British Prime Minister David Cameron put it,"the relationship is gaining in strength,depth and understanding"after a bucket of business deals being inked worth more than 30 billion US dollars.From the first agreement signing in 2004 to the new agreement of mutual standards recognition and adoption in     

Systematic Approach for Emerging Industry

正A national directory of standards complexes for strategic emerging sectors was recently developed and released jointly by 12governmental departments,namely,SAC,NDRC,MOST,MIIT,MEP,MOA,AQSIQ,State Forest Administration,State Administration of Science and Technology for National Defense,State Oceanic Administration and National Railway Administration.     

Strictest Pollutants Emission Standards

正Four new national standards on air pollutant emission control offi cially issued by the Ministry of Environment Protection(MEP)together with AQSIQ and SAC has been brought into force from July 1,2014.The Emission standard for air pollutants of coal-burning,oil-burning and gasfi red boilers,which is the strictest emission standard historically,will tackle the stubborn pollution problem of boilers and waste incineration in most of China’s regions.     

Instructions to Authors

New Carbon Materials is a bimonthly journal published with the permission of the Ministry of Science and Technology and of the State News and Publication Agency.The journal is sponsored by the Institute of Coal Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,and is published by Science Press.Aims and Scope     

Progress on Standards Copyright Protection

正Recently,National Copyright Administration of China(NCAC)has rewarded 215 organizations and 179 individuals for their outstanding efforts on investigating standards copyright infringement and piracy in 2013.Hua Jianhua,the Deputy-Director of National Standards Copyright Protection Workgroup Office won a third prize of the national individual award.In 2012,SAC set up the national standards copyright protection working group,and developed policies to crack down standards infringement and piracy behaviors and to strengthen standards copyright protection.