食品接触材料中19种紫外光吸收剂迁移量的测定及迁移规律研究

建立了食品接触材料中19种紫外光吸收剂迁移量测定的高效液相色谱法。研究了不同食品模拟物及浸泡时间对紫外光吸收剂迁移量的影响。实验结果表明,紫外光吸收剂在水、3%乙酸、低浓度的乙醇中迁移量低,在95%乙醇和异辛烷模拟物中迁移量高,迁移规律性与紫外光吸收剂的分子结构密切相关。食品接触材料中紫外光吸收剂在80℃浸泡6 h的迁移量与40℃浸泡10 d相当。所建立液相色谱法的定量下限为0.1~0.5 mg/kg,在95%乙醇和异辛烷模拟物中,3个加标水平下的回收率为83.8%~98.0%。方法的灵敏度与回收率高,选择性好,能满足实际工作的要求。     

气相色谱–质谱法测定食品接触材料聚苯醚中2,6-二甲基苯酚的迁移量

建立食品接触材料聚苯醚中2,6-二甲基苯酚迁移量的气相色谱–质谱检测方法。将聚苯醚样品加至食品模拟液中,于60℃下迁移2 h,再用乙酸乙酯提取。进样口温度为180℃,初始温度为80℃,保持2 min,以20℃/min升温至200℃,保持2 min,再升温至240℃,经DB–WAX气相色谱柱(30 m×0.25 mm,0.25μm)分离,质谱法测定,以保留时间定性,外标法定量。2,6-二甲基苯酚的质量浓度在0.01～0.5 mg/L范围内与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.999 9,方法检出限为0.01 mg/L。用4%乙酸、10%乙醇、95%乙醇和异辛烷分别进行加标回收试验,方法的回收率为91.7%～104.5%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.11%～4.63%(n=6)。该方法为检测食品接触材料中2,6-二甲基苯酚迁移含量测定提供了准确、可靠的方法。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定塑料聚合物中有机磷阻燃剂DOPO的迁移量及其迁移规律研究

采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)技术建立了塑料聚合物中9,10-二氢-9-氧-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物(DOPO)迁移量的测定方法,并对不同浸泡模拟物、不同温度和时间下DOPO的迁移规律进行研究。样品采用欧盟(EU)2017/752法规中的食品模拟物浸泡。水基模拟物直接过滤,橄榄油模拟物用含38%甲醇的乙腈溶液萃取后,经C_(18)色谱柱分离,以甲醇-2 mmol/L醋酸铵水溶液(含0.1%甲酸)为流动相,采用多反应监测模式进行检测。水基模拟物(3%乙酸、10%乙醇、50%乙醇)中DOPO的定量下限为0.10 ng/mL,橄榄油模拟物中的定量下限为1.0 ng/g。样品加标回收率为85.3%～110%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)不大于7.3%。该方法快速简便、灵敏度高、准确性好,适用于塑料聚合物中DOPO迁移量的测定。     

高效液相色谱法检测食品接触产品中的三聚氰胺及其衍生物的迁移量

建立了高效液相色谱同时检测三聚氰胺(MEL)及其衍生物——三聚氰酸二酰胺(ANE)、三聚氰酸一酰胺(ADE)和三聚氰酸(CYA)单体迁移量的方法.样品分别采用水、4％乙酸、10％乙醇作为食品模拟物,在70℃浸泡4h,浸泡液过0.45μm微孔薄膜后进入色谱柱.色谱分离采用Luna NH2柱,柱温:30℃,流动相为V(乙腈...     

高效液相色谱法测定食品接触材料中苯甲醛的迁移量

选择4种模拟食品的介质,对其从食品接触材料(例如聚苯乙烯)中迁移的苯甲醛量用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)作了测定。将聚苯乙烯样品分别与3种模拟水基食品介质一起在95℃回流2 h,将所得2份提取液分别用相同介质定容为100 mL后供HPLC分析。另将聚苯乙烯样品置于密闭的具塞锥形瓶中,用葵花籽油作为模拟脂基食品介质,在95℃浸泡2 h,冷却后称取此油5.0 g与10 mL甲醇混合并离心5 min,将上层清液移入25 mL容量瓶中,下层油相再用甲醇提取2次,提取液合并于25 mL容量瓶中,以甲醇定容。此溶液也供HPLC分析。用Diamonsil C18色谱柱作固定相,流动相为乙腈-pH 6.5的磷酸盐缓冲溶液(75+25)混合液,于245 nm波长进行检测。测得在水基介质中的测定下限(10S/N)为0.01 mg·L-1,在葵花籽油中的测定下限(10S/N)为0.1 mg·kg-1。方法的回收率为89.1%~97.9%,相对标准偏差(n=9)为2.6%~7.9%。     

高效液相色谱–串联质谱法同时测定塑料食品接触材料中20种邻苯二甲酸酯迁移量

采用高效液相色谱–串联质谱(LC–MS/MS)技术建立了食品接触材料中20种邻苯二甲酸酯类迁移量的测定方法。样品分别采用欧盟(EU)No.10/2011法规中食品模拟液浸泡,橄榄油浸泡液用乙腈进行液–液萃取,水基浸泡液直接过滤,C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,2.7μm)分离,以0.1%甲酸溶液–甲醇溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,采用多反应监控(MRM)模式进行分析检测。20种邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物质量浓度在1~500 ng/m L范围内与色谱峰面积呈线性关系。水溶液、3%乙酸食品模拟浸泡液、10%乙醇食品模拟浸泡液、20%乙醇食品模拟浸泡液、50%乙醇食品模拟浸泡液、橄榄油食品模拟浸泡液中方法定量限分别为0.20~9.81 ng/m L,0.19~9.76 ng/m L,0.25~12.3ng/m L,0.21~10.8 ng/m L,0.19~11.7 ng/m L,0.45~20.3 ng/m L。样品加标回收率为85.8%~111.3%(3%乙酸浸泡液),79.4%~123.6%(橄榄油浸泡液),两种浸泡液中测定结果的相对标准偏差不大于8.48%(n=6)。该方法具有快速简便、灵敏度高及准确性好等特点,适用于塑料类食品接触材料中邻苯二甲酸酯类迁移量的检测。     

抗菌食品接触材料中纳米银的迁移规律研究

根据GB/T 5009.156-2003,以水、乙醇、乙酸和正己烷作为食品模拟液,把聚丙烯纳米银复合材料浸泡在食品模拟液中,以时间和温度为变量,蒸干浸泡液后消解定容,用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)检测迁移出的纳米银的浓度。结果表明,接触材料中的纳米银在不同的模拟液体中的迁移量与温度和时间的变化成正比。     

气相色谱-质谱联用法测定食品包装材料中4种苯酚类抗氧剂迁移量

建立了气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)测定食品包装材料中2,6-二甲基苯酚、对叔丁基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚和叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲醚迁移量的方法。采用水、4%(体积分数)乙酸、50%(体积分数)乙醇和异辛烷作为食品模拟物,样品经食品模拟物浸泡:水基模拟物浸泡液经乙酸乙酯液液萃取后测定,异辛烷浸泡液则直接测定。采用DB-1701色谱柱(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25μm)进行分离,选择离子模式进行检测,外标法定量。结果表明,在优化实验条件下,4种苯酚类抗氧剂在0.1~10 mg/L质量浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数(r)均大于0.999,方法检出限(LOD)均为0.01 mg/L,定量下限(LOQ)均为0.03 mg/L。在0.1、1.0、10.0 mg/L 3个加标水平下,方法的回收率为91.5%~110%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=5)为1.9%~9.3%。该法准确、可靠、灵敏度高,适用于食品包装材料中4种苯酚类抗氧剂迁移量的测定。     

EDTA滴定法测定牛奶包装中碳酸钙的迁移

根据GB/T 5009.92-2016,以水、20%乙醇、4%乙酸和正己烷作为食品模拟液,把牛奶塑料包装袋装入食品模拟液,以时间和温度为变量,蒸干浸泡后的模拟液后消解定容,然后以钙红作为指示剂,用EDTA滴定检测迁移出的碳酸钙的浓度。结果表明,牛奶塑料包装袋中的碳酸钙在不同的模拟液体中的迁移量与温度和时间的变化成正比。     

高效液相色谱法测定聚甲基丙烯酸酯食品材料中甲基丙烯酸酯及甲基丙烯酸向模拟食品液的迁移量

以4%乙酸溶液和4种浓度(10%,20%,50%,95%)的乙醇溶液作为食品模拟液,将作为食品接触材料的聚甲基丙烯酸酯(PMA)塑料薄片分别浸泡于上述5种食品模拟液中。塑料片的测试面积(S)为0.3dm2,模拟液的体积为50.0mL。分别在3种条件下浸泡:①70℃,2h;②40℃,10d;③60℃,2h(95%乙醇溶液作为食品模拟液时)。浸泡后的模拟液经0.45μm滤膜过滤后,滤液按仪器工作条件进行高效液相色谱分析。选择Shim Sen-VD C30色谱柱(250 mm×4.6mm,3μm)作为分离柱,柱温为35℃,以不同比例的(A)0.1%(体积分数)磷酸溶液和(B)甲醇的混合溶液作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流动相的流量为0.5 mL·min~(-1),在此条件下,所测定的13种甲基丙烯酸及其羧酸酯可达到理想分离,并在波长210nm处进行紫外检测。结果表明:13种化合物所测得的峰面积与相应的质量浓度之间的线性关系均为1～20mg·L~(-1),其检出限(3S/N)为0.015～0.084mg·L~(-1)。分别对在上述5种食品模拟液中和3种浸泡条件下用标准加入法进行回收试验。结果表明:每一化合物的平均回收率均在85.0%以上,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于6.0%。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.