一种低存储容量Turbo码译码器结构设计及FPGA实现

为满足高性能低功耗无线通信的要求,基于反向重算和线性估算的Turbo码译码器结构,通过改变其前向状态度量的存储方式,提出了一种低存储容量的低功耗译码器结构设计方案,并给出了FPGA实现结构。结果表明,与已有的Turbo码译码器结构相比,本设计的译码器结构使存储容量降低了65%,译码性能与Log-MAP算法接近;并且在25 MHz、50 MHz、75 MHz、100 MHz、125 MHz频率下,较传统的译码器结构相比,动态的存储容量功耗均下降50%左右,而总功耗分别降低了4. 97%、 8. 78%、 11. 93%、 14. 18%、 14. 65%。     

利用CMOS模拟电路设计实现的新型概率译码器

利用CMOS模拟电路设计了模拟概率计算模块,并以此为基础,通过晶体管级的模拟电路设计,构造了(5,2,3)网格码完整的新型模拟概率译码器,给出了模拟译码器的译码性能.当信噪比大于4.8 dB时,对于950 kHz的输入信号,输出没有错误.当输入信号为6 MHz时,误码率约为10-4.在5 V工作条件下,译码器功耗为2.957mw.测试结果表明,在速度一定的条件下,与采用数字电路实现的译码器相比,该模拟译码器的功耗和芯片面积至少减少了一个数量级.该设计方法适用于实现网格码、Turbo码以及LDPC码等的模拟译码器.     

无线通信中的低功耗维特比译码器设计

针对无线通信中低功耗维特比译码器设计结构复杂的问题,提出一种四级流水串并结合的(2,1,9)低功耗维特比译码器。该译码器采用改进的加-比-选(ACS)单元,以降低硬件复杂度,在提高时钟运行速率的基础上减少运行功耗。幸存路径存储单元采用改进的路径相消方法,减少译码器的输出延迟,提高译码效率。性能分析结果表明,基于TSMC 0.18μm CMOS逻辑工艺,在1.62V,125℃操作环境下,该译码器数据最大速度为50MHz,自动布局布线后的译码器芯片面积约为0.212mm2,功耗约为23.9mW。     

机载遥控接收机译码电路设计

介绍一种由多个音频编码的遥控系统，并按照该系统编码的指令格式，采用了四线－十六线译码器译码和大功率驱动开关集成电路进行指令输出的电路形式，成功地为机载遥控接收机设计了一种新的译码电路。该译码电路不仅具有元件少，功耗低；体积小，重量轻之特点，而且译码准确，抗单音频干扰性能优良，很适合于该设备的小型化。     

IEEE 802.1 6e中LDPC译码器的实现

面向IEEE 802.16e中LDPC码,分析了各种译码算法的译码性能,归一化最小和(NMS)算法具备较高译码性能和实现复杂度低的特点.提出一种基于部分并行方式的LDPC译码器结构,可以满足IEEE802.16e中非规则LDPC码的译码要求.在FPGA上实现了该译码器,数据吞吐率可以达到130 Mb/s.     

基于GPU的LDPC增强准最大似然译码器并行实现

增强准最大似然(EQML)译码器对于码长较短的低密度奇偶校验(LDPC)码的译码性能优于传统置信传播(BP)译码器,可较好满足5G移动通信的高可靠性要求,但由于其计算结构复杂导致译码速度大幅降低。为提高EQML译码器的译码速度,提出一种基于GPU的EQML译码器并行化加速方案,压缩并存储不规则LDPC码的奇偶校验矩阵,通过对传统BP译码算法进行重新排序以最大化利用Kernel中的线程,并对再处理过程中的每个阶段进行多码字并行译码,实现内存访问优化及流并行译码。实验结果表明,基于GPU的EQML译码器在保持纠错性能的同时,相比基于CPU的EQML译码器的译码速度约提升了2个数量级。     

TPC自适应迭代译码方法

提出一种TPC自适应迭代译码算法。从接收到的软信息估算信道的信噪比;根据信噪比选择最优的软译码迭代因子,将迭代因子与软信息送入SISO迭代译码器;检测每次SISO译码器的输出,达到迭代终止条件即结束译码。提出的自适应迭代译码方法大大地增强了译码器的灵活性,动态的选择译码策略,尤其在低噪声信道下有效地降低了译码的功耗。     

一种适合于并行译码的Turbo交织器的设计

高数据率的通信系统要求有高吞吐量的译码器,而并行译码是高吞吐量的译码器的一种有效实现方法。对于采用并行译码的Turbo码,交织器的设计是决定其性能和译码器吞吐量的关键因素。本文在A.Giuliett提出的没有读写冲突的并行交织器的设计原则基础上,给出了一种新型的交织器设计方法。该方法在保证Turbo优越性能的前提下,使得高并行度的译码成为可能。译码性能的仿真结果验证了设计方案的良好译码性能,通过FPGA的硬件实现验证了译码器吞吐量的极大提高。该设计方案可用于Beyond3G系统。     

自适应Viterbi译码器技术

随着现代通信技术的迅速发展,高速和高可靠性成为衡量信息传输质量的关键指标。信道编码技术能够对信道差错进行控制,降低误码率,实现可靠通信,具有重要的军事和民用意义。Viterbi译码算法及其实现技术是信道编码技术的一个重要组成部分,但是其存在自身的缺陷或不足。Viterbi译码算法的译码性能将会随着码的相关长度k增加而提高,但其实现的复杂度将以2k的比例增长。提出了一种自适应Viterbi译码算法——IAVA(Improved Adaptive Viterbi Algorithm)。该算法利用信噪比评估模块自适应地调整门限值的高低,并利用复杂度评估模块自适应地改变译码器的基状态数,从而合理利用硬件资源。当译码器工作于低信噪比环境中时门限被自动调高,保证译码性能的同时适当减少了译码器的复杂度;当工作于高信噪比环境中时门限被自动调低,此时译码器复杂度得到锐减,译码模式将切换到基-4模式从而提高了译码速度,因此在大动态信噪比环境下该算法具有优越的性能。     

低功耗软判决维特比译码器的设计

维特比译码器是广泛使用的极大似然解码方法。该文提出了有别于IEEE 802.11a标准的解码方法，将软判决译码使用在该标准卷积码的解码机制上，利用算术部件的重组和混合向后追溯式以及时钟关断技术，在保证性能和低复杂度前提下减少存储器读写操作以降低功耗，利用SMIC 0.18μm CMOS工艺设计实现该译码器，在ALTERA FPGA上实现原型验证，性能满足IEEE802.11a标准要求。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

基于AD9626的模拟信号采集存储卡设计

自然界的绝大部分信号都是以模拟的形式存在,因此模拟信号的采集转换存储在数字时代十分关键。文章讨论了在雷达信号处理领域基于AD9626的AD采集存储卡的设计原理、硬件结构和程序设计与芯片配置等问题,为今后相关领域的研究提供了可参考的方案。     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

A human-computer interface for non-computer specialists

The COM teleconferencing system was designed to be easy to use for both beginners and people with much computer experience. A number of design choices in organizing the human-computer interface were considered very carefully. These design problems are not unique for teleconferencing applications, but will appear in many other developments of human-computer interfaces for non-computer specialists. This report discusses naming conventions, menu format, user commands, help facility and the treatment of ‘type ahead’ from the users.