再时效对6061-T6铝合金力学性能的影响

通过加热的工艺对橡胶复合制品中具有高价值的铝合金骨架剥离后进行回收再利用.由于铝合金性能对温度比较敏感,高温加热剥离铝合金的工艺势必会对其性能产生影响;低温加热工艺的剥离效果又非常不理想.因此,探究一个对铝合金性能影响最小的"安全温度"至关重要.利用电子拉压试验机,研究了再时效温度及时间对6061-T6铝合金力学性能的...     

6061-T6铝合金搅拌摩擦焊工艺及性能研究

针对6 mm厚6061-T6铝合金开展搅拌摩擦焊焊接工艺优化,分析焊接接头的组织,并对接头的拉伸、弯曲、硬度和冲击等性能进行研究.结果表明:当选用旋转速度1400 r ? min1、焊接速度700 mm ? min 1的焊接参数时,可获得无缺陷的焊缝,焊接接头各区域组织过渡均匀,焊核区组织为细小的等轴状晶粒;焊接接头的...     

6061-T6铝合金回填式搅拌摩擦点焊疲劳性能分析

对6061-T6铝合金点焊接头进行单点疲劳试验,确定6061-T6铝合金回填式搅拌摩擦点焊的疲劳断裂原因,得出6061-T6铝合金的S-N曲线以及条件疲劳极限.通过对载荷水平为1.5 kN的6061-T6 RFSSW疲劳试样进行金相分析以及断口扫描分析,得到了6061-T6铝合金疲劳断裂原因以及疲劳断口特征.结果表明,6061-T6点焊接头中的钩状缺陷和上下板结合处缺口尖端的应力集中是造成疲劳破坏的主要原因,疲劳裂纹始于上下板搭接处焊点的钩状缺陷外边缘,即缺口尖端处;在焊接过程中,应通过优化工艺参数尽量减小钩状缺陷的尺寸以及降低缺口处的应力集中,从而提高焊点的疲劳寿命.     

铝合金6061-T6氩弧焊焊接工艺及其性能分析

采用手工钨极氩弧焊方法对6061-T6铝合金进行焊接试验,对焊接试件、试样分别进行了外观、无损检测、拉伸、弯曲、冲击、金相检测。检测结果表明:采用手工钨极氩弧焊焊接铝合金6061-T6试件的焊接变形较大;能够达到Ⅰ级焊缝;抗拉强度较低,只能达到铝合金母材抗拉强度的60%左右;冲击韧性值远高于母材的;面弯、背弯可以弯曲至120°;焊缝接头不同区域显微组织经全面观察,未发现有微裂纹产生;液氮冷却未影响氩弧焊力学性能。     

6061-T6铝合金MIG焊接工艺研究

以4 mm厚6061-T6铝合金轧制板材为研究对象,通过改变焊接线能量与送丝速度,研究了不同工艺参数下接头的显微组织和力学性能。结果表明,HAZ宽度和熔合区晶粒大小随线能量的增大而增大;当线能量为297 J/mm时焊接接头的抗拉强度为213 MPa,达到母材强度的73%。熔宽对送丝速度的变化较余高和熔深更敏感,送丝速度位于7.4~8.2 m/min范围内时,焊缝成形较好;在送丝速度为8.3 m/min时获得最大的抗拉强度239 MPa。断裂发生在热影响区,属于韧性断裂,表明热影响区为焊接接头最薄弱的位置。     

6061-T6铝合金DP-MIG焊轧复合成形接头组织与力学性能

为解决6061-T6铝合金焊后热影响区软化导致力学性能下降的问题,基于焊接接头余高大变形强化过时效软化区的思想,采用双轧辊系统对6061-T6薄板铝合金直流双脉冲熔化极气体保护焊(DC double pulse metal inert gas welding,DP-MIG焊)接头进行同步双面轧制,并分析了焊轧复合成形接头组织与力学性能.结果表明,焊缝晶粒受到竖直方向的轧制力发生大塑性变形,内部气孔消失,焊缝区域变宽,邻近焊缝的热影响区受到来自焊缝的挤压力发生协同宏观变形,远离焊缝的过时效软化区组织受到来自焊缝处的压应力,从沿垂直焊缝方向产生部分协同形变强化;接头的硬度明显提升,过时效软化区的硬度由60～70 HV提升至80～90 HV,过时效软化区的拉伸性能也有所提升,当焊接速度为800 mm/min时,抗拉强度最佳可达到母材的83.6%,相较于焊接接头提升19.4%,进而实现了对过时效软化区的强化效果.     

6061-T6铝合金双轴肩搅拌摩擦焊接头组织与力学性能

针对6 mm厚6061-T6铝合金板材,在主轴转速800 r/min,焊接速度150 mm/min参数下实现双轴肩搅拌摩擦焊接,并对一部分试件进行焊后热处理。对焊态试件和焊后热处理试件同时进行金相试验、拉伸试验和显微硬度试验对比分析。在焊态下,接头平均抗拉强度为203 MPa,达到母材的64%,接头在焊缝区32 mm的宽度区域内显微硬度出现不同程度的下降,显微硬度分布呈"W"型;接头经焊后热处理后,焊态下溶解消失的强化相重新析出,使接头组织重新得到强化,热处理态接头平均抗拉强度为292 MPa,达到母材的92%,整个焊缝区显微硬度均得到提高,焊态下"W"型显微硬度分布规律消除。     

6061-T6铝合金搅拌摩擦点焊接头微观组织与力学性能研究

对8 mm厚三层搭接结构的6061-T6铝合金进行搅拌摩擦点焊试验,并对对点焊接头的显微组织和力学性能进行研究。结果表明,接头微观形貌分为搅拌区、热力影响区、热影响区及母材区。当下压深度从7.0 mm增至8.2mm时,上层结合界面的完全结合区宽度从2.1 mm增至3.1 mm,下层结合界面的完全结合区宽度从2.0 mm增至3.0mm。接头硬度最低值在热影响区和热机影响区的交界处,搅拌区的平均硬度值随下压深度的增加而增大,最大值为73.4 HV。拉剪载荷与下压深度呈正相关的关系,随着下压深度从7.0 mm增至8.2 mm,拉剪载荷从8937 N增至16284N。在两个接合面处均发生断裂,断裂形式为剪切塞型混合断裂。     

6061铝合金模板的热处理与性能研究

采用金相显微镜、透射电镜和拉伸试验机等研究了固溶时间、时效温度和时效时间对绿色建筑用6061铝合金模板显微组织和力学性能的影响.结果 表明,随着固溶时间的延长、时效温度的升高或者时效时间的延长,6061铝合金的抗拉强度、屈服强度和硬度会先增大后减小,断后伸长率则先减小后增大;当535℃/60 min固溶及180℃/7 ...     

6061-T6铝合金微搅拌摩擦焊工艺

以0.8 mm厚6061铝合金微搅拌摩擦焊对接过程为研究对象,采用专用搅拌工具,通过温度场模拟进行工艺参数预选,研究了无倾角微搅拌摩擦焊的工艺参数对接头力学性能的影响,确定了与所设计微搅拌工具相匹配的工艺参数窗口;并采用光学显微镜、SEM扫描电镜对接头的微观组织、断口的形貌进行观察. 结果表明,在焊接速度为300 mm/min、转速14 000 ~ 24 000 r/min时,可以获得力学性能优越的焊接接头,抗拉强度均可达母材的70%以上;微搅拌摩擦焊缝微观组织的热影响区与传统搅拌摩擦焊相比,仅部分晶粒发生长大,仍有部分晶粒与基体保持一致无明显变化.     

6061-T6铝合金的静止轴肩搅拌摩擦焊工艺及组织性能

采用自主研制的静止轴肩搅拌摩擦焊工具系统成功获得了6061-T6铝合金的对接接头. 对该接头的焊缝成形、显微组织、硬度分布以及拉伸性能分别进行了试验研究. 结果表明,SSFSW工艺所得6061-T6铝合金接头具有非常美观的焊缝成形,与常规的FSW工艺相比,几乎没有出现焊缝减薄的现象;焊缝组织分区也有明显的不同,TMAZ非常窄,只有几百微米;接头的硬度呈"W"形分布;在转速1 000 r/min,焊速为200 mm/min时,接头的抗拉强度和断后伸长率达到最大,分别为母材的71.5%和44.6%;拉伸试样均断裂在热影响区,它是接头发生断裂的最薄弱区域.     

6061-T6铝合金和钢电阻点焊变形

针对钢和铝合金三层金属薄板电阻点焊变形问题,采用四因素(焊接时间、焊接电流、焊件厚度和电极压力)三水平("高"、"中"和"低")的正交试验,筛选出最优工艺参数组合,并通过拉伸试验机和金相试验检验其焊接质量,通过反变形论证了焊后变形量的正确性。结果表明:焊件厚度对焊接变形的影响最大;正交试验筛选出的最优组合方案不仅有较小的焊接变形量,而且焊后质量达到车身强度要求;反变形法能够有效地减少焊后变形量,且试验后的焊件与未施加反变形的焊件具有一致的焊接质量。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir weld of dissimilar AZ31-O magnesium alloy to 6061-T6 aluminum alloy

Dissimilar friction stir welding between AZ31-O Mg and 6061-T6 Al alloys was investigated. 3 mm thick plates of aluminum and magnesium were used. Friction stir welding operations were performed at different rotation and travel speeds. The rotation speeds varied from 600 to 1400 r/min, and the travel speed varied from 20 to 60 mm/min. Defect-free weld was obtained with a rotation speed of 1000 r/min and travel speed of 40 mm/min. Metallographic studies showed that the grain size in the stir zone is much finer than that in the base metals. Complex flow pattern was formed in the stir zone. Microhardness measurement revealed an uneven distribution in the stir zone. Tensile test results indicated that the tensile strength of the welded specimen is about 76% of AZ31 Mg alloy and 60% of the 6061 Al alloy in tensile strength. SEM fracture surface image of the welded specimen indicated that the welded specimen failed through brittle-mode fracture.     

6061-T6铝合金中空薄壁型材双轴肩搅拌摩擦焊工具设计与工艺分析

基于双轴肩搅拌摩擦焊热输入的理论分析,建立了焊接工具结构尺寸特征值与待焊工件厚度之间的工程模型.利用该工程模型,设计并优化得到适用于厚度为2.5 mm的6061-T6铝合金薄板的双轴肩搅拌摩擦焊工具.使用该工具对中空薄壁型材进行焊接,并对焊接工艺参数进行优化. 结果表明,当焊接工具转速为1 000 r/min、焊接速度为600 mm/min时,可以得到综合力学性能最佳的焊接接头,其中正面焊缝焊接接头抗拉强度可达231 MPa,为母材抗拉强度的77%,弯曲角度达180°;反面焊缝焊接接头抗拉强度可达226 MPa,为母材抗拉强度的76%,弯曲角度达180°.     

6061-T6/7075-T6异种铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头组织与性能

利用搅拌摩擦焊实现了2 mm厚7075-T6/6061-T6异种铝合金连接,并对材料放置位置和转速对接头成形与组织性能的影响进行了分析. 结果表明,7075-T6铝合金置于前进侧时更有利于焊接过程中材料的迁移行为,焊缝成形及接头性能更优.当焊接速度为150 mm/min、转速为1 000 r/min时,可获得内部无明显缺陷、外观良好的异种铝合金接头;相较于母材,热力影响区的小角度晶界含量增加,焊核区发生动态再结晶,小角度晶界转化为大角度晶界;接头拉伸性能随转速的增加,呈现先增加后减小的趋势.接头的平均抗拉强度和断后伸长率分别达到231 MPa和4.0%. 接头的断裂位置位于6061侧焊核区,与接头硬度最小位置相吻合.     

Effect of post-weld heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of welded joints of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy

6061 aluminum alloy T-joints were welded by double-pulsed MIG welding process. Then, the post-weld heat treatment was performed on the welded T-joints. The weld microstructure under different aging temperature and time was investigated by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical properties were examined by hardness test and tensile test. The results showed that the micro-hardness was sensitive to heat treatment temperature and time. Increasing temperature was beneficial to the shortening of peak aging time. There were a large number of dislocations and few precipitates in the welded joints. With the increase of post-weld heat treatment temperature and time, the density of dislocation decreased. Meanwhile, the strengthening phase precipitated and grew up gradually. When the post-weld heat treatment temperature increased up to 200 °C, large Q' phases were observed. And they were responsible for the peak value of the micro-hardness in the welded joints.     

Thermal stability and corrosion resistance of polysiloxane coatings on 2024-T3 and 6061-T6 aluminum alloy

Hybrid coatings based on polydimethylsiloxane-cured organically modified silicate were synthesized through a sol-gel technique. Amino-terminated siloxane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane and tetraethoxysilane were used as precursors for the hybrid coatings. These hybrid films were deposited via spin coating onto an aluminum alloy to improve the corrosion protection. The effects induced by the different molar ratio of silane on the chain dynamics, thermal stability and corrosion performance of the coated samples were investigated. The rotating-frame spin-lattice relaxation times and scale of the spin-diffusion path length indicated that the configuration of the hybrid films was highly crosslinked and dense. The thermal stability and the apparent activation energy, evaluated by van Krevelen's method, of the hybrid coatings depended on the molar ratio of silane. Potentiodynamic analysis revealed that the hybrid films provided good barrier and corrosion protection in comparison with untreated aluminum alloy substrates.     

Brazeability of the 6061-T6 aluminum alloy with Al-Si-20Cu-based filler metals

The bond strength of the 6061-T6 aluminum alloy brazed with Al-12Si, Al-9.6Si-20Cu, and Al-7Si-20Cu-2Sn filer metals at a low temperature of 550°C is evaluated. The fractography of these brazements after tensile tests was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that joints with good integrity can be produced with Al-7Si-20Cu-2Sn filler metal because it can be used in a temperature range of 504 to 526 °C, about 70 °C lower than the traditional Al-12Si filler metal. It was shown that joints of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy as the base metal, when brazed at 550 °C for 60 min using this new filler metal and ward, and after being subjected to a T6 treatment, possessed a high bonding strength of about 121 Mpa.