实验性慢性阻塞性肺疾病肺Clara细胞的超微结构变化

目的：观察肺Clara细胞在吸烟引起的实验性慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）时的超微结构变化并探讨其在COPD发病中的作用。方法：使大鼠吸入香烟烟雾制作COPD模型，透射电镜观察肺Clara细胞形态，结果：COPD大鼠肺终末细支气管和呼吸性细支气管Clara细胞以及Clara细胞分泌颗粒减少，结论：COPD大鼠肺终末细支气管及呼吸性细支气管发生变化。Clara细胞受损在COPD发病过程中发挥作用。     

职业性尘肺伴发肺癌的超微病理研究(附28例报告)

本文报告了２８例尘肺伴发肺癌的病理组织学及超微结构改变，一般特点是：发病年龄偏早（６４％在４１～４９岁确诊为肺癌），有中度以上吸烟史，预后差。病理特点是全部病例除尘性病变外均有支气管树上皮的慢性损害（变性和增生），肺内纤维化病变周围的肺泡上皮增生。２８例肺癌的光、电镜诊断符合率为３９．３％，不符合占６０．７％，电镜诊断结果为：单纯鳞癌４例、单纯腺癌３例、单纯Ａｐｕｄ肿瘤１例，单纯间皮瘤２例、鳞腺（或腺鳞）混合癌１０例、鳞癌和Ａｐｕｄ瘤混合３例、腺癌和Ａｐｕｄ瘤混合２例、鳞腺癌和Ａｐｕｄ瘤混合３例。上述全部肿瘤均来源于支气管表面上皮（基底细胞、粘液颗粒细胞和Ａｐｕｄ细胞）和间皮细胞。电镜诊断反映了瘤细胞不同方向分化和不同配比的组合。     

肺泡蛋白沉积症的细胞超微结构的观察

目的：通过对临床少见的肺泡蛋白沉积症（PAP）的电镜观察，探讨其超微结构特点，方法：选择5例疑为PAP的病人，经纤维支气管镜活检取出肺组织，制备超薄切片后进行电镜观察。结果：细胞超微结构的改变为Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞增生，在肺泡腔内充满细胞碎片、细颗粒状结构、嗜锇板层体及大量泡沫样外观的肺泡巨噬细胞。上述细胞超微结构改变可有助于临床确诊。     

肺透明细胞癌的超微结构观察

对１２例光镜诊断为肺透明细胞癌的病例进行超微结构观察。结果发现低分化腺癌７例,你分化鳞状细胞癌２例和低分化腺鳞癌３例。结果表明电镜观察能准确反映肺透明细胞癌的细胞学类型肺透明细胞癌起源于支气管粘液及其底细胞。     

职业性尘肺伴发肺癌的超微病理研究

本文报告了２８例尘肺伴发肺癌的病理组织学及超微结构改变，一般特点是：发病年龄偏早，有中度以上吸烟史，预后差。病理特点是全部病例除尘性病变外均有支气管树上皮的慢性损害（变性和增生），肺内纤维化病变周围的肺泡上皮增生。２８例肺癌的光、电镜诊断符合率为３９．３％，不符合占６０．７％，电镜诊断结果为：单纯鳞癌４例、单纯腺癌３例，单纯Ａｐｕｄ肿瘤１例，单纯间皮瘤２例、鳞腺混合癌１０例，鳞癌和Ａｐｕｄ瘤混合３     

胃印戒细胞癌血管形成及超微结构特征与浸润转移的关系

目的：对胃印戒细胞癌微血管形成进行免疫组化和超微结构观察，探讨胃印式细胞癌浸润转移的生物学特征。方法：对53例胃印戒细胞癌的病理标本，进行CD34免疫组化检测及微血管密度（MVD）测定，同时进行电镜超微结构观察。结果：53例胃印戒细胞癌浸润区域组织CD34阳性，MVD值显著高于粘膜内癌（P＜0.01）；超微结构显示：印式细胞癌组织中幼稚的微血管丰富，内皮细胞增生活跃，基底膜不完整。结论：胃印戒细胞癌微血管形成具有高密度性，浸润的癌组织较原发癌灶血管程度活跃；新生血管化与浸润转移具有高度的一致性，是印戒癌细胞较早发生浸润转移的必要条件。高密度幼稚血管形成及其特征与胃印戒细胞癌单细胞CEA性粘液分化的特性有密切的关系。     

一例特发性肺含铁血黄素沉着症肺组织的超微结构观察

本文报道了一例成人特发性肺含铁血黄素沉着症（IPH）患者的肺组织超微病理改变。电镜下肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞及肺泡巨噬细胞明显增生,肺泡腔内查见许多肺泡巨噬细胞、红细胞及血浆蛋白样物质,肺泡巨噬细胞内含有数目不等的红细胞及其碎片。肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞内嗜锇板层小体基本排空。肺泡中隔间质胶原纤维增生。电镜观察有助于IPH的病理诊断。     

纵隔神经内分泌癌的肾小球内转移

报告一例十分罕见的肾小球内癌转移病例。肾活检标本进行了光镜、免疫荧光、免疫组化及透射电镜检查。组织学观察,肾小球毛细血管内异常细胞堆积。免疫荧光结果：异常细胞IgG,IgA,IgM,C3,C1q,FRA,ALb,κ链及λ链均阴性。免疫组化染色异常细胞LCA及F8阴性,chrmogranin阳性。电镜观察异常细胞胞质内含特征性的致密核心颗粒。病理诊断神经内分泌癌肾小球内转移。上述结果显示,电镜检查及免疫组织化学方法对本例有诊断意义。     

肺黏膜相关淋巴组织型淋巴瘤的免疫组织化学和电镜观察

探讨肺黏膜相关淋巴组织型淋巴瘤（MALTLoma）的免疫表型和超微结构特点，对3例经开胸肺活检病理诊断的肺MALTLoma进行光镜和透射电镜观察以及免疫组化染色。光镜观察发现，瘤细胞主要由中心细胞样淋巴细胞、小淋巴细胞样瘤细胞组成；3例均有淋巴上皮性损伤和反应性淋巴滤泡以及淋巴滤泡的克隆化。免疫组化显示瘤细胞表达B细胞相关抗原。透射电镜观察发现，在支气管黏膜上皮和肺泡上皮细胞周围以及肺泡腔内有较多的淋巴细胞源性瘤细胞浸润，瘤细胞具有淋巴细胞的超微结构特点。对肺MALToma的超微结构观察为该瘤的研究提供了形态学依据，电镜观察对判断瘤细胞的来源和免疫表型有帮助。     

细支气管肺泡癌患者EGFR基因突变的研究

目的探讨表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）基因酪氨酸激酶域体细胞在细支气管肺泡癌（BAC）患者中突变的相关因素。方法分析和检测本院37例细支气管肺泡癌石蜡包埋标本EGFR基因突变状况,采用PCR技术进行EGFR基因18、19、20和21外显子突变分析。结果37例BAC患者中有18例（48．6％）酪氨酸激酶域存在体细胞突变,其中3例（8．1％）为18外显子替代突变,5例（13．5％）为19外显子突变,7例（18．9％）为20外显子替代突变,8例（21．6％）为21外显子替代突变。结论EGFR基因与BAC密切相关。     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first     

JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS(CHINA)

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NEXT GENERATION WIRELESS NETWORKS–ESPECIALLY THE USE OF MILLI-MICROWAVE BANDS

The global bandwidth shortage of wireless communications has motivated the exploration of the naillimeter wave （ram-wave） frequency spectrum for the next generation wireless communications. Recent advances in RF CMOS technology and high speed baseband signal processing technologies have enabled tile extensive research and development of turn-wave wireless communications. The multi gigabit per second data rate of ram-wave system will lead to applications in many important scenarios, such as WPAN, WLAN,back-haul for cellular system. And the frequency bands include 28 GHz, 38 GHz, 45GHz, 60GHz, E-BAND and even beyond 100 GHz. The propagation and the imitation of the RF circuits design in these frequency bands make the directional antennas be inevitable for mm-wave communications.