淀粉的化学改性研究

简要介绍了淀粉的结构及其化学改性的原理和方法;综述了国内外淀粉化学改性的研究工作;详细介绍了非离子淀粉、阴离子淀粉、阳离子淀粉以及两性淀粉的合成方法.淀粉通过化学改性改善了水溶性、大大降低了水不溶物的含量、增加了黏度的稳定性、从而扩大了淀粉的应用领域,使得改性淀粉广泛应用于食品、纺织、造纸、油田和医药等众多领域.     

助磨剂对普通硅酸盐水泥性能的影响及作用机理

研究了助磨剂对普通硅酸盐水泥的流动性、颗粒分散度及其砂浆性能的影响并对作用机理进行了探讨。结果表明 ,助磨剂加强了水泥的流动性、提高了水泥细度、增加了细粉量、对勃氏比表面积无明显改变、增加了水泥3d、2 8d强度 ;助磨剂的作用机理是减小了粉碎阻力、防止团聚和糊磨、提高流动性而加强了料和球的作用频率和效率 ,从而提高了粉磨效率。     

丁二烯装置溶剂精制系统污染源控制及其工艺改进

介绍了丁二烯装置溶剂精制工艺流程,分析了溶剂精制系统中产生的焦油、丁二烯二聚物及废水三大污染源及其危害。制定并实施了工艺改进措施,经过改进排焦工艺、丁二烯二聚物脱除工艺、溶剂精制系统脱水工艺,实现了排焦作业密闭操作、减少了作业过程带来的现场异味污染、消除了焦油池内人工开挖焦油带来的高风险作业、减少了装置废渣生成量、COD排放总量得到了控制,达到了净化溶剂品质、规避环保风险、节约资源、环境友好的生产目标,提高了装置运行质量,同时丁二烯二聚物污染源转化为副产品销售,增加了装置的经济效益。     

锑、铋、铅、锌连测分析法浅析

根据锑、铋的性质,指出了现有分析方法的不足,并对其现有方法进行了改进,提高了锑、铋的分析质量.根据改进了的分析方法与铅、锌测定方法的相似性,提出了对四种元素进行联测的设想,通过大量试验,证明是可行的.锑、铋、铅、锌连测方案的采用,大大降低了生产成本和劳动强度,提高了经济效益.     

基于EB实现配料系统电气标准化的设计

本文针对企业信息化建设的需求,主要对配料系统产品提出了标准化的解决方案和组织、人员管理流程,并进行了标准化、规范化;设计了产品、部件、人员、组织的分类原则、编码方案与方法;基于电气设计软件平台EB(Engineering Base),建立了产品、部套、部件、组件、零件的数据库,再造了业务的流程,明确了人员的权限,实现了配料产品电控设计过程的信息化和知识的积累与继承,极大地提高了配料产品电控设计过程的效率。     

瓜尔胶的化学改性

简要介绍了瓜尔胶的结构及其化学改性的原理和方法;综述了国内外瓜尔胶化学改性的研究工作;详细介绍了非离子瓜尔胶、阳离子瓜尔胶、阴离子瓜尔胶、羟烷基阴离子瓜尔胶和羟烷基阳离子瓜尔胶以及两性瓜尔胶的合成方法。瓜尔胶通过改性改善了水溶性、大大降低了水不溶物的含量、提高了电解质的兼容性、增加了黏度的稳定性、从而扩大了瓜尔胶的应用领域,使得改性瓜尔胶广泛应用于化妆品、个人护理品、造纸、油田和增稠剂等众多领域。     

我国丙烯衍生物供需分析

简述了丙烯衍生物产业链及我国丙烯消费结构,着重介绍了目前我国聚丙烯、环氧丙烷、丙烯腈、丁辛醇、苯酚/丙酮、乙丙橡胶等丙烯主要衍生物产品的生产、应用、消费结构,分析了这些丙烯衍生物的供需关系.并对其今后的供需情况进行了预测.     

煤质对气流床煤气化的影响研究进展

对煤质与气流床气化炉的关系进行了论述。介绍了水煤浆气化炉与干煤粉气化炉的各自技术特点,分别讨论了煤阶、成浆性、发热量、工业分析、元素分析、灰熔融性、渣的流动性、熔渣腐蚀及煤灰沉积对气流床煤气化选型、设计、操作条件及气化性能的影响。分析了两类气化炉对不同煤性质的适应性并给出了典型的煤质适用范围。总结了工业应用针对不同煤质要求的解决方案并回顾了相应领域的研发进展。在分析讨论的基础上对煤质与气流床气化炉的选择、应用与进一步研发方向提供了建议。     

1998～1999年国外塑料工业进展

收集了 1998年 7月到 1999年 6月国外塑料工业相关期刊资料 ,介绍了 1998～ 1999年国外塑料工业进展。提供了日本、美国、加拿大、德国、法国、比利时、意大利、英国、西班牙、匈牙利、马来西亚等国通用热塑性树脂、工程塑料、通用热固性树脂、特种工程塑料的产量和增长率 ,提供了美国、日本、德国、韩国、法国、比利时、荷兰、意大利和其他国家以及亚洲、欧洲、北美洲、中南美洲、非洲和大洋洲等地域的树脂产量及构成比 ,此外还提供了中国台湾的树脂产量。按通用热塑性塑料、通用热固性塑料、通用工程塑料和特种工程塑料分类 ,对其合成工艺、树脂品种延伸、新的应用开发等工业技术作了详尽的介绍     

航煤加氢运行分析及改进措施

对航煤加氢生产中遇到的收率低、质量不稳定、低压排放量大、能耗高等问题进行了分析,并通过完善工艺流程、更换催化剂、提高反应压力等措施稳定了产品质量、减少了低压排放、降低了装置能耗。     

The synthesis and characterization of the molecular sieve SAPO-16 as well as other SAPO and CoAPO phases using bis(cyclopentadienyl) cobalt(III) hydroxide as a structure directing agent

The clathrate type molecular sieve SAPO-16 was prepared via a hydrothermal synthesis using bis(cyclopentadienyl)cobalt(III) hydroxide, Cp₂CoOH, as a template and characterized by XRD, FT-IR, UV-Vis and SEM. Additionally, the preparation and characterization of possibly new isostructural SAPO-UTD-3 and CoAPO-UTD-3 materials is reported.NSF Presidential Young Investigator 1991–1996.     

LLDPE with Exclusively Ethyl Branches by Tandem Catalysis with Single-Site Zr(IV)/Co(II) Catalysts

Semicrystalline linear low density polyethylenes (LLDPEs) with exclusively ethyl branching (from 7 to 56 branches per 1,000 carbon atoms) were prepared from ethylene by homogeneous tandem catalytic systems comprising (imino)pyridine cobalt(II) dichlorides as oligomerization precursors, bis(cyclopentadienyl)zirconium(IV) dichloride as copolymerization precursor and methyaluminoxane as activator. The activity of the tandem systems was evaluated by varying either the molar fraction of the cobalt precursors or the ethylene pressure. The latter parameter was of crucial importance to control both the productivity and the extent of 1-butene incorporation. In particular, increasing the ethylene pressure from 2 bar to 4 bar changed the “comonomer effect” from positive to negative.     

Efficiencies of various metallocene/reducing agent catalyst systems in the hydrogenation of polystyrene‐b‐polybutadiene‐b‐polystyrene block copolymers

Various metallocenes, including bis(η⁵‐cyclopentadienyl)cobalt, bis(η⁵‐cyclopentadienyl)nickel, and bis(η⁵‐cyclopentadienyl)titanium dichloride, combined with various reducing agents, including n‐butyllithium, phenyllithium, and triethylaluminum, have been evaluated for their catalytic efficiencies in the hydrogenation of polystyrene‐b‐polybutadiene‐b‐polystyrene (SBS) block copolymer. The efficiencies were determined by monitoring the extent of saturation of double bonds on the polybutadiene segment of the copolymer using FTIR and ¹H‐NMR spectroscopy. The cobaltocene/n‐butyllithium catalyst system was found the most active. The effects of H₂ pressure and the ratio of n‐butyllithium to cobaltocene ratio on the hydrogenation efficiency were also investigated. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 72: 1807–1815, 1999     

Synthesis of Group 9 Metal‐Olefin Complexes with Identical Ligand Frameworks and Comparison of their Catalytic Activity in [2+2+2] Cycloaddition and other Addition Reactions

The preparation and catalytic evaluation of the three group 9 (cyclopentadienyl)metal(trimethylvinylsilane) complexes of the type C₅H₅M(H₂CCHSiMe₃)₂ (M=cobalt, rhodium and iridium) are reported. The complexes were investigated in [2+2+2] cycloaddition as well as in hydrogenation, hydroformylation and hydroboration reactions. Despite the identical organic frameworks and structural parameters, the complexes display remarkable reactivity and stability differences.     

ESR studies on vanadocene/cocatalyst systems for ethylene polymerization

Three vanadocene–cocatalyst catalytic systems for ethylene polymerization—Cp₂ZrCl₂/Al₂Et₃Cl₃ [dichlorobis(η‐cyclopentadienyl)vanadium/ethylaluminumsesquichloride], Cp₂ZrCl₂/MAO [dichlorobis(η‐cyclopentadienyl)vanadium/methylaluminoxane] and Cp₂ZrCl₂/AlEt₃ [dichlorobis(η‐cyclopentadienyl)vanadium/triethylaluminum]—were monitored by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. It was found that at least a certain kind of vanadium complex is formed after mixing dichlorobis(η‐cyclopentadienyl)vanadium with ethylaluminumsesquichloride. After introducing ethylene, a new kind of vanadium complex is detected by ESR. Ethylene can be polymerized by using a dichlorobis(η‐cyclopentadienyl)vanadium/ethylaluminumsesquichloride catalytic system. These results possibly indicate that the vanadium complex exists in the forms ClCp₂VClEtAlCl₂ and ClCp₂VClEtAlClEt, which are responsible for forming active centers. The Dichlorobis(η‐cyclopentadienyl)vanadium/methylaluminoxane and dichlorobis(η‐cyclopentadienyl)vanadium/triethylaluminum systems also were monitored by ESR. Completely different spectra were recorded compared to those of the dichlorobis(η‐cyclopentadienyl) vanadium/ethylaluminumsesquichloride system. Ethylene almost cannot be polymerized by the dichlorobis(η‐cyclopentadienyl)vanadium/methylaluminoxane and dichlorobis(η‐cyclopentadienyl)vanadium/triethylaluminum catalytic systems, showing that resultant vanadium complexes of dichlorobis(η‐cyclopentadienyl)vanadium/methylaluminoxane and dichlorobis(η‐cyclopentadienyl)vanadium/triethylaluminum catalytic systems are different from that arising from the dichlorobis(η‐cyclopentadienyl)vanadium/ethylaluminumsesquichloride system. Plausible mechanisms are suggested for this. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 79: 1188–1194, 2001     

Investigation on Decomposition Kinetic and Thermal Stability of Metallocene Catalysts

Data on thermal stability of metallocene catalysts such as bis(n-butyl cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride and bis(t-butyl cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride is required because of their application in high temperature polymerization process. In the present study, the thermal stability of the bis(n-butyl cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride and bis(t-butyl cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride was determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and simultaneous thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) techniques. The results of TG analysis revealed that the main thermal degradation for the bis(n-butyl cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride and bis(t-butyl cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride occurs in the temperature ranges of 194–360 °C and 195–350 °C, respectively. On the other hand, TG-DTA analysis indicated that bis(n-butyl cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride melts (about 98.7 °C) before it decomposes. However, the thermal decomposition of the bis(t-butyl cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride was started simultaneously with its melting. Also, the kinetic parameters such as activation energy and frequency factor for both compounds were obtained from the DSC data by non-isothermal methods proposed by Kissinger and Ozawa. Based on the values of activation energy obtained by Kissinger and Ozawa methods, the following order for the thermal stability was noticed: bis(t-butyl cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride >bis(n-butyl cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride. Finally, the values of ΔS^#, ΔH^# and ΔG^# of their decomposition reaction were calculated.     

Synthesis and "in Vitro" Trypanocidal Activity Evaluation of Some Organo-iron Compounds

Eight organo-iron ferrocene derivatives and arenocenium salts were prepared and evaluated by "in vitro" assay against one strain of Trypanosoma cruzi (Y). Six of the eight organo-iron compounds assayed, piperazinium diferrocenoate 1, eta(6)-(o-xylene)-eta(5)-(cyclopentadienyl) Iron(II) hexafluorophosphate 3, eta(6)-(mesitylene)-eta(5)-(cyclopentadienyl) iron(II) hexafluorphosphate 5, eta(6)-(durene)-eta(5)-(cyclopentadienyl) iron(II) hexafluorphosphate 6, eta(6)-(rho-chlorotoluene)-eta(5)-(cyclopentadienyl) Iron(II) hexafluorphosphate 7 and eta(6)-(chlorobenzene)-eta(5)-(cyclopentadienyl) iron(II) picrate 8 , were poorly active in the "in vitro" assays. Only two compounds 1,1'-(N-pyperidinocarbonyl) ferrocene 2(IC(50)=2.4 mug/mL) and eta(6)-(o-xylene)-eta(5)(cyclopentadienyl) iron(II) picrate 4 (IC(50)=12.08 mug/mL), were more active. Thus, some of the compounds are promising to be used against Chagas' disease as a prophylactic agents.     

Synthesis and Properties of Stannole-Containing Polymers by Reaction of Bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanacyclopentadiene-Containing Polymers and Tin(IV) Chloride

Polymers having bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanacyclopentadiene units in the main chain were prepared by the polymerization of a low-valent bis(cyclopentadienyl)-titanium(II) complex, generated in situ from bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium dichloride (Cp₂TiCl₂) and n-butyllithium (2 equiv), with internal diynes such as 1,4-bis(1-hexynyl)-benzene and 4,4′-bis(1-hexynyl)biphenyl. The bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanacyclopentadiene-containing polymers were subjected to the reaction with tin(IV) chloride, followed by the treatment with methyllithium to give 1,1-dimethylstannole-containing organometallic polymers in moderate yields. The stannole containing polymers are soluble in organic solvents, whose number-average molecular weight was estimated to be 2,700–2,800 by GPC. Optical and electrochemical properties of the resulting stannole-containing polymers were studied by their UV-vis spectra and cyclic voltammetric analyses, from which they were supposed to have low LUMO energy levels.     

含环戊二烯基的丙烯酸衍生物的合成和表征

以丙烯酸(AA)和环戊二烯(CPD)为起始原料,首先合成了丙烯酰氯(AC)和环戊二烯基乙醇(CPDE)两种中间体,通过酰氯与醇或活泼氢化合物之间典型的消除反应,合成了丙烯酸环戊二烯基乙酯(CEA)和环戊二烯—丙烯酸加合物(CPD—AA)。并对其结构进行了表征。     

二氯二环戊二烯基锆合成方法的改进

双环戊二烯在180°C解聚为环戊二烯,冰水浴条件下环戊二烯与钠砂反应得到环戊二烯基钠,再在二甲苯为溶剂、低温下环戊二烯基钠与四氯化锆按理论摩尔比2∶1反应3h时得到二氯二环戊二烯基锆,整个过程始终要用氮气保护。产率可以达到70%。