采用流固耦合的混砂车搅拌叶轮应力分析

叶轮是混砂车搅拌系统的核心部件,叶轮的强度、刚度对搅拌系统的正常使用起着重要的作用.叶轮在搅拌工作中承受流体对叶片的作用力、离心力及重力等载荷作用,为了准确得到各载荷对叶轮的影响,采用流固耦合分析方法对叶轮进行数值模拟分析.分析结果表明:上叶轮根部应力值最大,上叶轮端部位移最大,流体作用力为影响叶轮强度的主要因素,这为叶轮的强度校核提供了可靠依据.     

Investigation of CFD calculation method of a centrifugal pump with unshrouded impeller

Currently, relatively large errors are found in numerical results in some low-specific-speed centrifugal pumps with unshrouded impeller because the effect of clearances and holes are not accurately modeled. Establishing an accurate analytical model to improve performance prediction accuracy is therefore necessary. In this paper, a three-dimensional numerical simulation is conducted to predict the performance of a low-specific-speed centrifugal pump, and the modeling, numerical scheme, and turbulent selection methods are discussed. The pump performance is tested in a model pump test bench, and flow rate, head, power and efficiency of the pump are obtained. The effect of taking into consideration the back-out vane passage, clearance, and balance holes is analyzed by comparing it with experimental results, and the performance prediction methods are validated by experiments. The analysis results show that the pump performance can be accurately predicted by the improved method. Ignoring the back-out vane passage in the calculation model of unshrouded impeller is found to generate better numerical results. Further, the calculation model with the clearances and balance holes can obviously enhance the numerical accuracy. The application of disconnect interface can reduce meshing difficulty but increase the calculation error at the off-design operating point at the same time. Compared with the standard k-ε, renormalization group k-ε, and Spalart-Allmars models, the Realizable k-ε model demonstrates the fastest convergent speed and the highest precision for the unshrouded impeller flow simulation. The proposed modeling and numerical simulation methods can improve the performance prediction accuracy of the low-specific-speed centrifugal pumps, and the modeling method is especially suitable for the centrifugal pump with unshrouded impeller.     

基于振动测试的离心泵故障诊断

利用双通道数据采集器对某炼厂三台离心泵进行了振动测试。采用振动能量法和频谱特征法分析,研究发现2号离心泵振动最强烈,通过分析确定了其振动的主要原因是转子不平衡,建议采取减振改造措施。     

基于SolidWorks的化工离心泵叶轮模具设计

针对传统离心泵叶轮设计步骤繁琐的不足,提出了基于SolidWorks的三维参数化离心泵叶轮注塑模设计方法。简单介绍了SolidWorks的主要功能模块及离心泵叶轮模具设计的流程,详细阐述了离心泵叶轮模具设计的步骤。设计中,叶轮采用尼龙6/10材料,其拔模斜度为1.5°,收缩率为1%。通过对模具各零部件的造型与实时修改,实现了离心泵叶轮模具的参数化设计,并完成了模具的虚拟装配及加工出详图的快速输出。本方法对工程设计具有一定的实用价值。     

低比转速离心泵叶轮的设计

通过对叶轮内液流流动分析 ,提出了减小叶轮出口射流——尾流结构的措施。为减小圆盘摩擦损失 ,对叶轮结构采取了适量车削前后盖板、周向修圆叶片的方法。     

半开式叶轮离心泵的效率优化与分析

为了提高半开式叶轮离心泵的水力效率,应用速度系数法对半开式叶轮离心泵的水力效率进行了优化,并采用k-ε湍流模型和标准壁面函数对离心泵进行了数值模拟,仿真分析了蜗壳和叶轮顶端问不同间隙以及不同叶片数对离心泵水力效率的影响。研究结果表明,当蜗壳与叶轮顶面的间隙为0．5mm,叶片数为6时,离心泵的效率较好。     

极大流量工况下离心泵内部流场数值分析

针对离心泵极大流量工况下内部流动特性的问题,应用流体动力学软件Fluent,采用RNGκ-ε湍流模型与SIMPLEC算法,对某一高比转速离心泵内部流场进行了数值模拟,并与实验结果进行了比较。对比分析了4种不同流量工况下离心泵内部流体速度和压力分布以及离心泵的外特性。研究结果表明,在设计流量工况下,离心泵内部压力分布均匀,速度迹线平滑;较大流量工况下,蜗壳压力不断减小,速度分布不均匀;极大流量(1.7Qopt)工况下,蜗壳出口处出现局部负压现象,速度流线产生的漩涡增大,在扩散管局部位置流体受到冲击,容易出现回流现象。针对离心泵在不同工况下以及达到极大流量工况下内部流动随流量变化规律的研究,可为高比转速离心泵多工况优化设计、延长使用寿命提供参考。     

Numerical prediction and performance experiment in a deep-well centrifugal pump with different impeller outlet width

The existing research of the deep-well centrifugal pump mainly focuses on reduce the manufacturing cost and improve the pump performance,and how to combine above two aspects together is the most difficult and important topic.In this study,the performances of the deep-well centrifugal pump with four different impeller outlet widths are studied by the numerical,theoretical and experimental methods in this paper.Two stages deep-well centrifugal pump equipped with different impellers are simulated employing the commercial CFD software to solve the Navier-Stokes equations for three-dimensional incompressible steady flow.The sensitivity analyses of the grid size and turbulence model have been performed to improve numerical accuracy.The flow field distributions are acquired and compared under the design operating conditions,including the static pressure,turbulence kinetic energy and velocity.The prototype is manufactured and tested to certify the numerical predicted performance.The numerical results of pump performance are higher than the test results,but their change trends have an acceptable agreement with each other.The performance results indicted that the oversize impeller outlet width leads to poor pump performances and increasing shaft power.Changing the performance of deep-well centrifugal pump by alter impeller outlet width is practicable and convenient,which is worth popularizing in the engineering application.The proposed research enhances the theoretical basis of pump design to improve the performance and reduce the manufacturing cost of deep-well centrifugal pump.     

基于FLUENT数值模拟的离心泵内冰浆两相流流动特性分析

针对冰浆两相流在离心泵的流动特性问题,基于欧拉法建立冰浆Mixture两相流模型,通过FLUENT软件对冰浆流动特性进行数值模拟,得到了在不同流量工况下的离心泵内部压力场、速度场以及冰晶颗粒分布特性.多次数值计算,获得离心泵在输送含冰率为10％的冰浆时的性能特性曲线,并与该离心泵在输送清水时的性能曲线进行了对比分析.研...     

Optimization on the impeller of a low-specific-speed centrifugal pump for hydraulic performance improvement

In order to widen the high-efficiency operating range of a low-specific-speed centrifugal pump, an optimization process for considering efficiencies under 1.0Q_d and 1.4Q_d is proposed. Three parameters, namely, the blade outlet width b_2, blade outlet angle β_2, and blade wrap angle φ, are selected as design variables. Impellers are generated using the optimal Latin hypercube sampling method. The pump efficiencies are calculated using the software CFX 14.5 at two operating points selected as objectives. Surrogate models are also constructed to analyze the relationship between the objectives and the design variables. Finally, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is applied to calculate the surrogate model to determine the best combination of the impeller parameters. The results show that the performance curve predicted by numerical simulation has a good agreement with the experimental results. Compared with the efficiencies of the original impeller, the hydraulic efficiencies of the optimized impeller are increased by 4.18% and 0.62% under 1.0Q_d and 1.4Q_d, respectively. The comparison of inner flow between the original pump and optimized one illustrates the improvement of performance. The optimization process can provide a useful reference on performance improvement of other pumps, even on reduction of pressure fluctuations.     

基于喉部参数控制的离心泵导叶扩散度研究

为研究导叶扩散段无量纲参数对离心泵水力性能的影响,通过控制导叶喉部参数设计出5种导叶扩散度方案,采用雷诺时均N-S方程和RNGκ-ε湍流模型对离心泵进行全流场计算,对比分析了不同扩散度方案对上游叶轮、导叶本身以及下游压水室水力性能的影响,并验证了数值分析的可靠性.研究表明:导叶扩散度对上游叶轮水力性能较大,叶轮效率随导...     

基于OpenFOAM的导叶式离心泵数值模拟研究

针对目前有关OpenFOAM对带导叶这种特殊结构的离心泵的计算研究较少且没有形成系统性研究的现状,为了验证OpenFOAM开源软件在导叶式离心泵数值计算方面的可靠性,分别对0.6Qd～1.4Qd流量工况下的导叶式离心泵进行外特性试验以及稳态和瞬态的数值计算.结果表明:OpenFOAM计算得到的外特性结果贴近试验数据,最...     

离心泵叶轮内水流相对速度的实验研究

该研究应用PIV系统(粒子成像测速仪)这种先进的流场测试技术在不干扰流场的情况下,进行高精度的测量,即利用撒在流体中的粒子对光的散射作用,用光学的方法记录下粒子在不同时刻的位置,从而得到粒子的位移,基于粒子对流场的跟随性,测出水流在离心泵叶片流道内的绝对速度分布,并利用软件进行数据处理,得到离心叶轮内部从吸力边到压力边相对速度的分布,为离心泵的设计提供了更为可靠的理论依据。     

Numerical simulation and analysis of solid-liquid two-phase flow in centrifugal pump

The flow with solid-liquid two-phase media inside centrifugal pumps is very complicated and the relevant method for the hydraulic design is still immature so far.There exist two main problems in the operation of the two-phase flow pumps,i.e.,low overall efficiency and severe abrasion.In this study,the three-dimensional,steady,incompressible,and turbulent solid-liquid two-phase flows in a low-specific-speed centrifugal pump are numerically simulated and analyzed by using a computational fluid dynamics(CFD) code based on the mixture model of the two-phase flow and the RNG k-two-equation turbulence model,in which the influences of rotation and curvature are fully taken into account.The coupling between impeller and volute is implemented by means of the frozen rotor method.The simulation results predicted indicate that the solid phase properties in two-phase flow,especially the concentration,the particle diameter and the density,have strong effects on the hydraulic performance of the pump.Both the pump head and the efficiency are reduced with increasing particle diameter or concentration.However,the effect of particle density on the performance is relatively minor.An obvious jet-wake flow structure is presented near the volute tongue and becomes more remarkable with increasing solid phase concentration.The suction side of the blade is subject to much more severe abrasion than the pressure side.The obtained results preliminarily reveal the characteristics of solid-liquid two-phase flow in the centrifugal pump,and are helpful for improvement and empirical correction in the hydraulic design of centrifugal pumps.     

铆接叶轮的模态和离心力分析

采用hypermesh有限元软件,对由叶片与前后盖板及轮毂构成且各部件间采用铆钉联接的叶轮,分别进行模态分析和施加离心力的应力分析。计算叶轮受离心力作用的von Mise应力和铆钉所受剪切力,得到在叶片与前盖板处以及后盖板与轮毂链接处,铆钉所受的剪切力较大。     

螺旋式纸浆离心泵的研究进展

介绍了螺旋式离心泵的基本结构和原理,对新产品设计过程中需要解决的技术问题进行了总结。分析了螺旋式离心泵工业应用、理论设计、试验研究、内部流动数值模拟、叶轮受力和动平衡等方面的国内外研究进展,指出了水力模型设计、内部流动数值模拟、定量测试的研究方向。     

Influence of blade thickness on transient flow characteristics of centrifugal slurry pump with semi-open impeller

As the critical component, the impellers of the slurry pumps usually have blades of a large thickness. The increasing excretion coefficient of the blades affects the flow in the impeller resulting in a relatively higher hydraulic loss, which is rarely reported. In order to investigate the influence of blade thickness on the transient flow characteristics of a centrifugal slurry pump with a semi-open impeller, transient numerical simulations were carried out on six impellers, of which the meridional blade thickness from the leading edge to trailing edge varied from 5-10 mm, 5-15 mm, 5-20 mm, 10-10 mm, 10-15 mm, and 10-20 mm, respectively. Then, two of the six impellers, namely cases 4 and 6, were manufactured and experimentally tested for hydraulic performance to verify the simulation results. Results of these tests agreed reasonably well with those of the numerical simulation. The results demonstrate that when blade thickness increases, pressure fluctuations at the outlet of the impeller become severe. Moreover, the standard deviation of the relative velocity in the middle portion of the suction sides of the blades decreases and that at the outlet of the impeller increases. Thus, the amplitude of the impeller head pulsation for each case increases. Meanwhile, the distribution of the time-averaged relative flow angle becomes less uniform and decreases at the outlet of the impeller. Hence, as the impeller blade thickness increases, the pump head drops rapidly and the maximum efficiency point is offset to a lower flow rate condition. As the thickness of blade trailing edge increases by 10 mm, the head of the pump drops by approximately 5 m, which is approximately 10 % of the original pump head. Futhermore, it is for the first time that the time-averaged relative flow angle is being considered for the analysis of transient flow in centrifugal pump. The presented work could be a useful guideline in engineering practice when designing a centrifugal slurry pump with thick impeller blades.

     

离心泵空化余量分析研究

许多泵长期运行处在临界空化工况与初生空化工况之间,会造成叶片表面出现坑蚀和穿孔等破坏,从而使泵因空化而达不到预期寿命.由此选用一种单级单吸离心泵为研究对象,基于湍流模型k-ε和空化模型Zwart,进行非定常空化数值计算结果分析.对于初生空化的判定,以σ≥1.0时叶片表面刚刚发生空化,产生的汽泡对外特性无影响,且以汽体体...     

直联式轴向吸入两级离心泵的设计

针对煤矿用泵的特点 ,介绍一种直联式轴向吸入两级离心泵的结构、原理 ,简述了设计方法     

多级离心泵首级叶轮停机特性数值研究

针对多级离心泵在突然断电情况下可能出现的意外事故问题,基于滑移网格技术、用户自定义函数和SIMPLE算法,在关死点处和给定转速下降规律情况下,对一多级离心泵首级叶轮的停机过程进行了内部非定常粘性流动的数值模拟,通过数值计算获得了多级离心泵首级叶轮停机过程的外特性和内部流场演化特性,重点分析了叶轮进口、叶轮出口和反导叶出口3个位置处的瞬态物理量变化。研究结果表明,无量纲扬程系数在停机之前和停机过程前期阶段基本不变,而在停机过程末期迅速下降,叶轮停止转动时,各个物理参数并未同步趋零,总之表现出明显的瞬态行为特征;叶轮出口处的物理量参数变化受叶轮转动影响最大,其次受叶轮进口处的参数变化影响,而反导叶出口处的参数变化最小。