负载型CeO_2/OMS-2催化剂对VOCs的催化氧化性能

采用回流法合成了OMS-2,同时以OMS-2为载体,采用浸渍法负载CeO_2制备了Ce/OMS-2催化剂,运用X射线衍射、拉曼光谱、BET、H_2-TPR和NH_3-TPD等方法对催化剂进行表征,并考察CeO_2/OMS-2催化剂催化氧化二氯甲烷和乙酸乙酯的性能。结果表明,CeO_2的加入并未改变OMS-2较好的八面体分子筛结构,CeO_2的晶粒很小且以高分散的形式存在;负载CeO_2的OMS-2催化剂比表面积都有增大趋势;随着CeO_2负载量的增加,低温和高温的还原峰都先向低温方向偏移再向高温方向偏移;随着CeO_2负载量的增加,高温处强酸性峰先向低温方向偏移再向高温方向偏移。反应活性结果表明,CeO_2/OMS-2催化剂活性比载体OMS-2的活性好,随着铈负载量的增加,催化活性先升高再降低,其中,CeO_2负载质量分数为1.0%(1.0Ce/OMS-2)时催化剂效果最好,这可能是由于铈的加入活化了OMS-2中的氧,影响了整体催化剂的酸性,进而影响反应性能。     

多孔材料负载型催化剂催化氧化VOCs的研究进展

从不同类型催化剂的设计和结构出发,重点介绍了由多孔材料设计制备VOCs催化氧化催化剂的研究进展,包括金属有机框架（MOF）、沸石分子筛、多孔碳等载体及其衍生物在VOCs催化降解上的性能及相关比较,并阐述了该类催化剂增强氧化机理。最后,阐述了VOCs催化氧化技术面临的问题和未来发展方向。     

复合ZrO_2载体负载Pt催化剂催化燃烧VOCs性能

采用共沉淀法制备复合ZrO_2载体,然后负载Pt制得催化剂,用于催化燃烧处理VOCs。采用BET、XRD和H2-TPD等对制备的复合ZrO_2载体和催化剂进行表征。结果表明,ZrO_2掺杂后有利于提高载体比表面积,改善载体结构。对甲苯进行催化燃烧实验,反应温度230℃时,甲苯转化率大于99.5%。考察制备的催化剂对鞋厂尾气催化处理能力,转化率均大于99.5%。     

Pt/CrCeAlO催化剂对二氯甲烷的催化氧化性能

催化氧化是消除挥发性有机废气的有效手段,而二氯甲烷是含氯有机废气的代表性化合物。采用沉淀法制备了不同CrO_x含量的CrCeAlO催化剂,并用浸渍法制备了Pt/CrCeAlO催化剂,将其用于二氯甲烷催化氧化。结果表明,催化剂均表现出较好的活性,Cr_0.03Ce_0.05Al_0.95O₂催化剂在390 ℃时即可完全氧化二氯甲烷。而负载Pt后的催化剂活性明显提高,2.0Pt/Cr_0.03Ce_0.05Al₀.₉₅O₂催化剂表现出最好的活性,在340 ℃条件下,转化率即达100%。采用XRD、SEM、TEM、H₂-TPR和NH3-TPD对催化剂进行表征,表明催化剂的活性主要受其表面酸性和氧化还原性的影响,表面酸性位提供二氯甲烷化学吸附位,而催化剂表面氧化还原性则有利于反应中氧物种的活化。催化剂中添加Pt后,由于Pt、CeO₂ 和 CrO_x物种间的相互作用而增强了催化剂的氧化还原性,从而进一步促进了反应活性的提高。     

负载型催化剂催化氧化VOCs的研究进展

挥发性有机物(VOCs)是一种大气污染物,对人类健康和生态环境产生显著的影响。目前,催化氧化技术被认为是最高效、经济的处理技术之一。首先,本文综述了贵金属、非贵金属以及混合金属催化剂降解VOCs的研究进展。其次,评述了以天然硅酸盐矿物为载体的催化剂对VOCs的降解。最后,对高岭土作催化氧化VOCs催化剂载体的应用前景进行了展望。     

锰基催化剂催化氧化VOCs技术的研究进展

针对挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)有毒有害、污染大气等问题,开展了锰系催化剂催化氧化VOCs的分类研究。探讨了单一锰氧化物、锰基复合氧化物、一些特殊的锰基氧化物、锰基负载型催化剂以及锰系单体的催化活性及其影响因素、形貌结构和催化特点等,并对锰系催化剂的改进合成方法提出了建议,为未来锰系催化剂的研究发展提供了方向。     

CeO2掺杂对CuO/沸石催化剂催化氧化VOCs活性的影响

研究CeO2改性得到的CuO/CeO2/沸石催化剂,进行催化氧化（燃烧）销毁乙醇、丙酮、甲苯和苯的实验,并用TPR和XPS对所制备的催化剂进行表征.研究结果表明：使用CuO/CeO2/沸石作为催化剂时,四种VOCs（挥发性有机物）催化燃烧的起燃和完全燃烧温度都明显低于当使用CuO /沸石作为催化剂时四种VOCs催化燃烧的起燃和完全燃烧温度,这表明CuO/CeO2/沸石催化剂的活性明显高于CuO/沸石催化剂的活性.TPR分析表明CeO2的添加有助于增强催化剂中Cu的还原性;XPS表征分析显示,CeO2的添加增加了铜在表面的分布,并且引起Cu 2p3/2的结合能由933.8eV 变到932.8eV 和 933.4eV, 在催化剂表面呈现出Cu2＋和Cu＋的形式.此外,在VOCs催化燃烧过程中,稀土Ce存在有部分还原变价过程（Ce^4 ＋ →Ce^3 ＋ ） ,也使催化剂的活性得到提高.     

负载型γ-Al_2O_3催化剂催化氧化-精馏处理炼油废水

研究了在低温和常压条件下,精馏与催化氧化耦合工艺处理炼油厂废水。以γ-Al_2O_3为载体,Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn、Cd和Ni为主要活性组分,采用浸渍法制备了负载型催化剂,并对其进行XRD表征。利用反应精馏原理,以金属氧化物为催化剂,氧化降解炼油污水,探讨了催化剂的催化寿命与稳定性。结果表明,CuO/γ-Al_2O_3·H_2O_2催化处理炼油废水的COD去除率可达96.2%,催化剂连续使用效果较好。     

堇青石蜂窝陶瓷负载CuO/CeO2-ZrO2/TiO2催化氧化含酚废水的性能研究

选取球状堇青石蜂窝陶瓷作为催化剂基体,制备了堇青石蜂窝陶瓷负载CuO/CeO2-ZrO2/TiO2催化剂,采用XRD、BET等方法对其进行了结构表征,测定了其催化湿式氧化含酚废水的活性及抗压强度、脱落率、Cu2+溶出浓度等性能指标.结果表明,CuO/CeO2-ZrO2/TiO2堇青石蜂窝陶瓷催化剂在反应温度180℃、压力5Mpa、搅拌速率为600r/min时,催化湿式氧化反应200minCOD去除率可达92.7％;球状堇青石蜂窝陶瓷CuO/CeO2-ZrO2/TiO2催化剂具有强度高、易装填、易更换、脱落率低特点,Cu2+溶出浓度低于环保排放标准,适合工业化处理含酚废水.     

MoO3/ZrO2催化剂的丙烷氧化脱氢制丙烯催化性能

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为表面活性剂,采用溶剂热法制备系列MoO_3/ZrO_2催化剂,采用H2-TPR、N_2吸附-脱附、X射线衍射等对其进行表征,并评价MoO_3/ZrO_2催化剂的丙烷氧化脱氢制丙烯催化性能。结果表明,MoO_3负载于ZrO_2载体上制备的催化剂催化活性增加,MoO_3负载质量分数为20%的MoO_3/ZrO_2催化剂,在反应温度为600℃时,丙烷转化率27.45%,丙烯选择性44.78%,丙稀收率12.29%。     

Study on catalytic performance of CeO2/CuO catalysts for preferential CO oxidation

采用水热法合成纳米尺寸的CuO,然后采用微乳液法或浸渍法将CeO₂负载在CuO上制备逆负载的CeO₂/CuO催化剂。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、程序升温还原（TPR）、比表面分析（BET）和富氢气中CO优先氧化活性测试等研究手段对催化剂进行了表征。研究发现,CeO₂/CuO催化剂的活性和选择性与CeO₂和CuO颗粒的尺寸密切相关,大颗粒的CuO载体有利于提高催化剂的选择性;小颗粒的氧化铈负载在大颗粒的氧化铜上,可以产生更多两相接触界面,有助于提高催化剂的活性。     

Catalytic oxidation of trichloroethylene over TiO2 supported ruthenium catalysts

Different types of TiO₂ (anatase, P25 and rutile) supported ruthenium catalysts were synthesized by wet impregnation and directly reduced in H₂. The distribution characteristics of ruthenium species were thoroughly studied before and after trichloroethylene oxidation. The results show that ruthenium oxide species are very unstable in the anatase phase, but quite stable in the rutile phase of TiO₂. This phenomenon results in different catalytic behaviors for the Ru/TiO₂ catalysts. The Ru/TiO₂ (P25) catalyst has the best catalytic performance among these catalysts. The complete conversion temperature of trichloroethylene is in the temperature range of 260–270 °C.     

Gold supported CeO2/Al2O3 catalysts for CO oxidation: influence of the ceria phase

A series of low loading gold supported ceria/alumina catalysts have been prepared by the deposition–precipitation method, varying the pH of the synthesis. The catalysts were characterised by means of XRD, TEM, S_BET, XRF and UV–Vis techniques, and their catalytic activity towards CO oxidation in the absence and in presence of water in the stream, were tested. It has been found that in this low loading gold catalysts, where the metallic particles are far away one from another and the oxygen transportation is not the limiting step of the reaction, the electronic properties of the ceria phase and the structure of the metal-support perimeter more than the diameter of the gold nanoparticles is the determinant factor in the catalytic performances of the solid.     

Potential rare-earth modified CeO2 catalysts for soot oxidation

The physico-chemical properties of ceria (CeO₂) and rare earth modified ceria (with La, Pr, Sm, Y) catalysts are studied and correlated with the soot oxidation activity with using O₂ and O₂ + NO. CeO₂ modified with La and Pr shows superior soot oxidation activity with O₂ compared with the unmodified catalyst. The improved soot oxidation activity of rare earth doped CeO₂ catalysts can be correlated to the increased meso/micro pore volume and the stabilisation of the external surface area. On the other hand, unreducible ions decrease the intrinsic soot oxidation activity of rare earth modified ceria with both O₂ and NO + O₂ due to the decreased amount of redox surface sites. The catalyst bulk oxygen storage capacity is not a critical parameter in determining the soot oxidation activity. The modification with Pr shows the best soot oxidation with both O₂ and O₂ + NO compared with all other catalysts.     

Catalytic activity of copper-ceria catalysts supported on different zeolites for CO oxidation

Copper-ceria catalysts for CO oxidation supported on 4A, 5A, NaX and NaY zeolites were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation and excess-solution impregnation. Catalysts were characterized by SEM, EDX, XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption, H2-TPR and XPS. Results revealed that the catalysts were greatly affected by zeolites and preparation method. EDX results indicated the metal loading of 4A-ES (5.1 wt% Cu, 15.7 wt% Ce), 5A-ES (5.9 wt% Cu, 19.2% Ce), NaX-ES (11.7wt% Cu, 4.2 wt% Ce) and NaY-ES (11.0 wt% Cu, 7.9 wt% Ce) greatly varied. TPR results suggested that the peak at around 195 °C was presented in NaX-ES and 4A-IW, standing for dispersed copper species that is very active for CO oxidation. The catalytic activity of 4A-ES and NaX-ES was the best among catalysts made by excess-solution impregnation, demonstrated by the lowest T₅₀ at 127 and 129 °C, respectively. The catalytic activity of catalysts made by incipient wetness impregnation was worse than that of catalysts made by excess-solution impregnation, examined by the T₅₀ of 4A-IW and NaX-IW at 128 and 192 °C, respectively.     

Catalytic wet oxidation of p-chlorophenol over supported noble metal catalysts

Heterogeneous catalytic wet oxidation of aqueous p-chlorophenol (p-CP) solution was investigated at 453 K and 2.6 MPa in a slurry reactor. The performance of noble metal catalysts was compared with that of traditional manganese catalysts. Activated carbon supported catalysts showed significant higher activities for total organic carbon (TOC) reduction than those supported on alumina or cerium oxide. Pt was found to be the most active metal for p-chlorophenol oxidation. The activities of noble metal catalysts were found to correlate with heat of formation of metal oxides. CO₂ is the predominant oxidation product with formation of minor p-benzoquinone and acetic acid as intermediate compounds. Possible reaction pathway was also discussed.     

Catalytic oxidation of VOCs on Au/Ce-Ti-O

Ce_xTi_1−xO₂ oxides have been synthesised by sol–gel method with x varying from 0 to 0.3 and characterised by XRD and TPR. The structure of oxides changes with the Ce/Ti molar ratio. The presence of ceria in Ce-Ti oxides inhibits the phase transition from anatase to rutile. When x = 0.3 (Ce_0.3Ti_0.7O₂ sample), the solid presents an amorphous state. The TPR results indicate that the presence of Ti enhances the reducibility of cerium oxide species. Catalytic oxidation of propene is investigated on Ce-Ti oxides and the better conversion is obtained with Ce_0.3Ti_0.7O₂ but the CO₂ selectivity reaches 63% at 400 °C. Gold is then deposited on theses oxides to improve the catalytic activity. On the basis of characterisation data (H₂ TPR), it has been suggested that gold influences the reduction of the Ce-Ti oxide support and the catalytic activity to the propene oxidation. Thus, Au/Ce-Ti-O system catalysts are promising catalysts for propene oxidation.