新生儿淋病性结膜炎148例临床治疗分析

目的：探讨新生儿淋病性结膜炎的治疗方法。方法：新生儿淋病性结膜炎根据患儿体重计算菌必治肌肉注射的剂量，同时结合局部眼药滴眼。结果：148例例新生儿淋病性结膜炎通过菌必治肌肉注射结合局部眼部治疗疗效满意。结论：菌必治肌肉注射结合部眼部治疗是治疗新生儿淋病性结膜炎的主要方法。     

35例新生儿淋菌性结膜炎临床分析

新生儿淋菌性结膜炎是一种传染性极强破坏性极大的超急性化脓性结膜炎，若不能及时治疗将导致严重并发症，造成严重视力损害。2004～2006年采用罗氏芬针与泰利必妥滴眼液进行全身和局部联合治疗新生儿淋菌性结膜炎35例，疗效良好，现报告如下。     

新生儿淋菌性结膜炎40例临床分析

目的 探讨淋菌性结膜炎在新生儿中的发病特点和治疗方法。方法 选择1996年3月～2001年3月之间在我院五官科门诊就诊的病人为研究对象,对新生儿淋菌性结膜炎,采用不同的治疗方法观察对比疗效。结果 ①单纯全身用药与配以局部用药治疗两组之间的疗效差异有显著性(P<0.05)。②新生儿淋菌性结膜炎患儿的母亲阴道淋球菌阳性率97.4％。结论 新生儿淋菌性结膜炎多为产道垂直传播,全身用药配以局部治疗效果更佳,同时治疗家庭中的其他患者对治疗本病及防止复发尤为重要。     

新生儿眼部淋球菌感染18例临床分析

目的观察18例新生儿淋菌性结膜炎使用青霉素治疗的效果。方法2000 U/m l青霉素滴眼液滴眼,青霉素10万U.kg-1.d-1静脉滴注,配合冲洗结膜囊。结果18例均在13 d内治愈,2例有并发症。结论青霉素仍为治疗新生儿淋球菌性眼病的首选药。     

14例新生儿淋菌性结膜炎分析及防治

目的 预防新生儿淋菌性结膜医院感染的发生。方法 对14例患儿的病例资料分析。结果 淋菌实验室检查阳性者14例,检出率为同期眼科患者的0.16%。结论 新生儿淋菌性结膜炎预防的重点,在于孕妇的产前检查及治疗,助产人员对可疑新生儿的正确眼部预防处理,医院婴儿室的严格管理。     

新生儿淋菌性结膜炎4例报告

新生儿淋菌性结膜炎４例报告赵建尊，翟润玲新生儿淋菌性结膜炎是胎儿通过产道分娩时接触含有淋球菌的分泌物或经医护人员及产妇的手而感染的眼病。若不及时治疗。可引起失明。我所于１９９１年─１９９４年３月门诊新生儿淋菌性结膜炎４例，报告如下。１临床资料男３例、...     

用淋球菌快诊试剂盒检测新生儿淋菌性结膜炎

淋病是常见的性传播疾病,发病者以育龄男女居多,但婴儿也有发病者,尤以新生儿淋菌性结膜炎较为多见.为探讨新生儿淋菌性结膜炎的快速诊断方法,近几年用淋球菌试剂盒对60例临床疑为淋菌性结膜炎新生儿的眼分泌物进行了检测.     

加强新生儿淋菌性结膜炎医院感染管理及防治

新生儿淋菌性结膜炎,是新生儿医院感染性疾病之一。现对我院新生儿淋菌性结膜炎36例防治结果如下。1资料与方法1998年9月~2004年12月共收治新生儿1 164例,其中新生儿淋菌性结膜炎36例。诊断标准按卫生部《医院感染诊断标准》执行。诊断以体温单、病程记录、各种辅助检查报告、眼结膜充血、眼睑红肿、眼部有脓性分泌物,眼分泌物细菌学检查阳性,符合医院感染诊断条件。用无菌棉签取眼分泌物涂片行革兰染色镜检,部分病例同时用淋菌T-M培养基进行细菌培养。2结果结果显示:(1)一般资料:36例患儿中,男17例,女19例。日龄2~7 d,病程1~3 d;直接来自…     

局部应用抗生素治疗新生儿淋病性结膜炎的疗效观察

目的观察几种临床常用抗生素的疗效,为本地区经验治疗新生儿淋病性结膜炎提供科学依据。方法回顾性分析1999年1月~2003年12月治疗新生儿淋病性结膜炎149例患儿的疗效;前瞻性观察2004年1月~2005年12月新生儿淋病性结膜炎患儿60例,随机分为四组,每组15例,分别应用2000、5000、10000、50000U/ml青霉素滴眼液。结果应用青霉素、利福平、氯霉素、妥布霉素及氧氟沙星治疗新生儿淋病性结膜炎的治愈率分别为:93.1%、38.2%、70.4%、48.4%、89.3%。青霉素组及氧氟沙星组分别与其他三组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。显示青霉素及氧氟沙星疗效最佳;2000、5000、10000、50000U/ml浓度青霉素局部应用治疗新生儿淋病性结膜炎差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论本地区经验治疗新生儿淋病性结膜炎时应首选青霉素滴眼液,最佳浓度为2000~5000U/ml。     

新生儿淋菌性结膜炎30例临床分析

<正> 近年来,随着淋病发病率的上升,新生儿淋菌性结膜炎的发病率亦相应增加,并有逐年上升的趋势。淋菌性结膜炎是对新生儿损害最大的急性眼病之一,处理不当可造成眼组织的严重损伤,因此应及早预防、正确诊断和及时治疗,将其危害程度减少至最低。现将近3年来我院诊治的30例新生儿淋菌性结膜炎分析讨论如下。     

Ophthalmia neonatorum

Ophthalmia neonatorum is defined as any conjunctivitis with discharge from the eyes during the first 28 days of life. Its etiology may be gonococcal or nongonococcal, Chlamydia trachomatis being the most important cause in the latter group. The risks of gonococcal and chlamydial ophthalmia in infants born to infected mothers may be up to 30% and 50%, respectively. Gonococcal ophthalmia, if untreated, may progress rapidly to corneal ulceration, perforation, and eventually blindness. Chlamydial ophthalmia is generally milder. Ophthalmia neonatorum can be prevented by: 1) the parents' avoidance of risky sexual behavior that could lead to sexually transmitted infections; 2) routine screening for chlamydia and gonococcal infections in antenatal clinics followed by appropriate treatment; and 3) disinfection of the infant's conjunctivae at birth by: a) use of 1% aqueous silver nitrate solution into each conjunctival sac; b) instillation of benzyl penicillin solution into the infant's eyes; or c) use of tetracycline 1% or erythromycin 0.5% eye ointment. The safety and efficacy of povidone-iodine ophthalmic solution to prevent ophthalmia neonatorum was evaluated by enrolling 3117 infants born at the Presbyterian Church Hospital in Kikuyu, Kenya, from March 1991 to August 1993. The infants received one of the ophthalmic preparations: a drop of 1% silver nitrate ophthalmic solution or a l cm strip of 0.5% erythromycin ophthalmic ointment, or a drop of 2.5% povidone-iodine solution. Povidone-iodine was significantly more effective than silver nitrate and erythromycin in preventing ophthalmia neonatorum overall, and especially in preventing chlamydia ophthalmia. The incidence of N. gonorrhea and Staphylococcus aureus infections was, however, similar in the three groups. Povidone-iodine deserves serious consideration in prophylaxis against ophthalmia neonatorum in developing countries because of its efficacy, low cost, and easy availability.     

0~6岁儿童眼病筛查分析

目的 对0~6岁儿童进行眼病的筛查, 了解各个阶段儿童眼病筛查的方法及眼部疾病的发病情况。方法 对2012年6月-2013年6月在本院出生以及来本院门诊进行体检的17 255名0~6岁儿童进行外眼检查、光刺激瞬目反应检查、红光反射检查、眼底检查、视力评估、眼位检查、眼球运动评估以及屈光检查等, 按照年龄分为4组, 分别对4组的筛查结果进行分析。结果 第1组(1~28 d)检查新生儿7 395例, 其中球结膜下出血430例, 结膜炎380例, 泪道阻塞21例;第2组(29 d~6个月)检查婴儿5 704例, 其中结膜炎229例, 泪道阻塞134例, 泪囊炎70例, 早产儿视网膜病变(retinopathy of prematurity, ROP)34例;第3组(6个月~3岁)检查婴幼儿3 811例, 其中散光1 245例, 结膜炎86例, 倒睫81例;第4组(4~6岁)检查学龄前儿童345例, 其中散光24例, 球镜异常21例, 外斜视19例。结论 针对不同年龄的儿童采取适当的筛查方法进行眼病筛查, 及早发现各种影响儿童视觉发育的眼病, 使其得到早期治疗。     

Summary of the practice guideline 'The red eye' (first revision) of the Dutch College of General Practitioners (NHG)

The revised NHG-guideline 'The red eye' provides recommendations for the diagnosis and therapy in patients with a red eye. In the presence of pain, decreased visual acuity and photophobia (alarm symptoms) should be considered as sight threatening conditions. In most instances a red eye results from conjunctivitis. The complaint of (an) early morning glued eye(s) makes a bacterial origin of acute infectious conjunctivitis more likely. Itching and a history of infectious conjunctivitis make the probability of bacterial involvement less likely. The type of discharge does not help to adequately distinguish bacterial from viral conjunctivitis. Since an infectious conjunctivitis is a self-limiting condition, no treatment is necessary as a rule. Antibiotic treatment is only rational if conjunctivitis is (most probably) caused by bacteria. It has to be considered only if a patient suffers from much discomfort, if complaints do not begin to decline after 3 days and in patients with preexisting corneal defects. Because of widespread resistance to fusidic acid this should in principle not be prescribed for treatment of conjunctivitis; chloramphenicol is still the drug of choice. During revision of the guideline discussions concentrated on 2 aspects: the position of slit lamp biomicroscopy in general practice and giving a patient with keratoconjunctivitis photoelectrica the remainder of a 'minim' with anaesthetic eye drops. Regarding both topics it was decided not to change the recommendations of the former version of the guideline: the use of slit lamp biomicroscopy remains optional for general practitioners and it remains permitted to give the remainder of a 'minim' with anaesthetic eye drops to a patient with keratoconjunctivitis photoelectrica.     

A novel electroporation device for gene delivery in large animals and humans

Intramuscular injection of plasmid DNA followed by electrical stimulation (electroporation) is an efficient method for achieving therapeutic levels of encoded proteins or eliciting efficient immune responses in smaller animals such as mice and rats. Electroporation in larger animals and humans poses new technical challenges, the main difficulty being to maintain efficacy while limiting invasiveness and pain. Here we present data using a new device for combined injection and electroporation in large animals and humans. The device injects DNA through two needles during insertion into the muscle and thus distributes the injection volume along the needles which also serve as electrodes. Since the electrical field is strongest close to the needle-electrode, a near perfect match between the DNA and the electric field is achieved. We show that using moderate amounts of DNA: (1) muscle tissue is transfected along the entire length of the needle path, (2) the efficacy is higher compared to when the DNA is injected between the electrodes, (3) level of protein expression can be tightly controlled by the number of treatments, and (4) efficient immunization is achieved.     

The practice guideline 'The red eye' (first revision) of the Dutch College of General Practitioners; a response from the perspective of the general practitioner

The revised version of the practice guideline 'The red eye' of the Dutch College ofGeneral Practitioners gives the general practitioner useful information on new insights into diagnosis and therapy for a red eye. An important therapeutic advice is prescribing chloramphenicol ointment instead of fusidic acid ointment in the case of bacterial conjunctivitis after one-week treatment without positive results, since 80% of the conjunctivitis causing bacteria does not react to fusidic acid. A slit lamp is helpful in the diagnosis of a case of red eye, but is not present in every general practitioner's office. Joint efforts of a group of general practitioners in obtaining such a slit lamp may reinforce the diagnosis in general practice.     

非皮质类固醇联合妥布霉素地塞米松滴眼液治疗季节性过敏性结膜炎的临床研究

目的探讨非皮质类固醇联合妥布霉素地塞米松滴眼液治疗季节性过敏性结膜炎的临床效果。方法 100例季节性过敏性结膜炎患者随机分为两组各50例,对照组采用妥布霉素地塞米松滴眼液治疗,研究组采用非皮质类固醇联合妥布霉素地塞米松滴眼液治疗,比较两组的治疗效果。结果治疗后,研究组的症状评分、体征评分、总评分、眼压均显著低于对照组(P <0.05);两组的不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论非皮质类固醇联合妥布霉素地塞米松滴眼液治疗季节性过敏性结膜炎能有效改善患者的临床症状,安全性高。     

中药超声雾化治疗急性结膜炎疗效观察

目的观察中药超声雾化治疗急性结膜炎的临床疗效。方法选取我院门诊收治并诊断为急性结膜炎患者24例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组12人,24只眼睛。观察组以西药治疗为主,治疗组在西药治疗的基础上,加入中药超声雾化治疗。观察不同用药时间两组治愈率的异同。结果治疗组在3 d后有效率为58.33%,观察组为25%,治疗组治愈率方面优于观察组,P〈0.05,具有统计学意义,在6 d及9 d治疗后治疗组治愈率与观察组比较,治疗组在治疗6 d、9 d时的有效率分别为83.33%和95.83%,观察组分别为66.67%、83.33%,无统计学意义,但其治痊愈及好转数高于观察组。结论西药结合中药超声雾化治疗急性结膜炎,能够在缩短治疗时间加强治愈效果,提高治愈效率,安全可靠,值得推广。     

珍珠明目滴眼液配合药膳治疗慢性结膜炎的临床应用

目的观察珍珠明目滴眼液配合药膳在治疗慢性结膜炎的临床疗效。方法 90例慢性结膜炎患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,其中治疗组用珍珠明目滴眼液滴眼,配合养肝明目的药膳进行治疗,对照组采用传统0.25%氯霉素滴眼液进行治疗。结果治疗组总有效率为88.9%,愈显率为53.3%,与对照组相比,差异均具有显著性（P〈0.05）。且在治疗过程中没有出现明显的不良反应。结论用珍珠明目滴眼液配合药膳治疗慢性结膜炎疗效显著,安全性高,值得临床推广。     

Therapy of allergic conjunctivitis

Among the several eye diseases (or diseases involving the eye) based on hypersensitivity reactions, the most frequent is allergic conjunctivitis. Recently six types of allergic conjunctivitis/keratoconjunctivitis are distinguished: 1. seasonal, 2. perennial, 3. vernal, 4. giant papillary, 5. atopic and 6. of contact origin. Their treatment is generally local. In the most frequent seasonal ("hay fever") and perennial forms the elimination of the allergen or when it is impossible antihistamines (with or without vasoconstrictors), "weak" steroids or hyposensitisation are offered. In vernal and atopic keratoconjunctivitis mast cell stabilizers are the most effective, with special effect of lodoxamide in the vernal type. In giant papillary and contact allergic inflammations the elimination of the causative agent is the first method of choice. In resistant cases "strong" steroids, in extreme forms immunosuppressive, cytostatic and systemic treatment may become necessary. The paper gives a review of currently applied medicines (mainly eyedrops) and other methods of treatment, and includes therapeutic principles applying to various forms of allergic conjunctivitis.     

生物氧化结合臭氧消毒的技术在农村简易自来水处理中的应用

目的 :了解生物氧化结合与臭氧消毒的技术在简单自来水净化处理中的效果。方法 :在生物滤池内装有活性瓷球 ,并结合臭氧消毒技术观察河水处理前后水质变化的情况。观察水质净化的指标有色度、浑浊度、pH、硝酸盐氮、铁、锰、氟化物、砷、汞、镉、铬、铅、细菌总数及总大肠菌群等。结果 :河水经净化处理后水的色度、浑浊度、细菌总数及总大肠菌群均有十分明显的下降 ,所检水质指标符合生活饮用水卫生标准。结论 :以生物氧化结合臭氧消毒的技术具有高效、操作简单、占地面积小 ,投资成本低等特点 ,可广泛用于简易自来水的净化处理