基于茶虫害本体的智能检索系统设计

目前信息检索正在向着领域化、智能化方向发展.针对农业领域的分支领域茶虫害为研究对象,通过构建茶虫害领域本体,设计并实现了基于茶虫害本体的智能检索系统.该系统在特定主题的限定下进行信息的搜集和检索,能识别所搜索的网页与主题是否相关,而且能产生智能导航链接在主题最相关的范围内搜索,把信息检索从目前基于关键词层面提升到基于知识的层面,从而能够帮助用户更容易地找到感兴趣的信息,提高信息服务的质量和信息检索的准确率.     

面向领域的智能搜索引擎设计与实现

传统的主题搜索技术难以适应大范围垂直领域的智能搜索需求,通过将主题搜索与语义搜索相关技术分别应用到搜索引擎的数据采集与智能查询过程中,利用基于层次分类模型的领域数据采集机器人,完成对领域信息的精准采集,基于中文百科资源自动构建领域本体,将大规模领域本体库用于搜索引擎的语义扩展推理中,实现了一个面向领域的智能搜索引擎。实验结果表明,基于层次结构的领域分类具有较高的分类准确率和召回率,与其他搜索引擎相比较,该系统具有领域专业性强、领域易于移植、检索更加智能等特点。     

基于领域模型的网页搜索排序算法

通用搜索引擎在检索过程中会出现查询结果与关键词所属领域无关的主题漂移现象.本文提出了面向特定领域的网页重排序算法-TSRR(Topic Sensitive Re-Ranking)算法,从一个新的视角对主题漂移问题加以解决. TSRR算法设计一种独立于网页排序的模型,用来表示领域,然后建立网页信息模型,在用户检索过程中结合领域向量模型和网页信息模型对网页搜索结果进行重排序.在爬取的特定领域的数据集上,以用户满意度和准确率为标准进行评估,实验结果表明,本文中提出的TSRR算法性能优异,比经典的基于Lucene的排序算法在用户满意度上平均提高17.3%,在准确率上平均提高41.9%.     

Ropeway:基于语义相关的XML关键字搜索引擎

XML数据包含丰富的语义信息,但现有的大多数XML搜索引擎并未利用这一信息.如何利用XML数据的语义信息提高检索质量已成为当前研究所关注的问题.设计并实现了一个基于语义相关的XML关键字搜索引擎:Ropeway. 对于用户给定的关键字,Ropeway分析了XML数据的语义和用户信息需求,推断用户的查询主题,然后从XML数据中搜索与该主题相关的结果,并根据主题相似度对结果进行排序.结果证明: Ropeway具有良好的检索性能.     

基于语义扩展的产品创新设计信息获取研究*

针对现有搜索技术在支持产品创新设计知识获取方面存在的不足,研究了面向产品创新设计领域的信息搜索方法,建立了类似于内部语义网的产品设计语义库.借助语义网络扩展关键词的语义内涵,实现对用户检索意图的理解;以此为基础建立了面向特定设计领域的网络信息检索方法和流程,使得搜索获得的信息内容更加全面,主题更加鲜明.最后以手机产品创新设计信息搜集为例予以验证.     

农业信息搜索可视化平台研究

针对传统搜索引擎检索返回结果数量庞大、专业性差且只能为用户提供一维、线性搜索结果的问题,在分析研究农业垂直搜索引擎的基础上,构建农业信息搜索可视化服务平台。基于农业文献,对数据进行信息抽取、关联分析,并设计了一种基于最大距离法选取初始质心的K-means层次聚类算法来发现领域概念间关系;在此基础上,利用信息可视化模型与基于Java的Prefuse插件包为用户提供图形化的结果呈现方式,实现信息的交互控制,优化检索过程。通过实验验证,改进的层次聚类算法提高了领域概念间关系聚类效果的同时降低了聚类总耗时,平台满足用户检索的专业性需求。     

基于数据挖掘的智能引擎研究

随着互联网的迅速发展．网络上的信息量呈现出迅猛增长趋势,为了查询所需知识,搜索引擎已成为知识搜索和知识发现的必备工具。该工具是综合了数据库技术、数据挖掘技术、人工智能知识等多种技术,利用数据检索策略进行知识发现的过程。但目前搜索引擎还存在一些缺陷,尤其是针对个性化的查询请求往往不能达到满意效果。所以将数据挖掘技术应用到搜索引擎领域,从而产生智能搜索引擎,将会给用户提供一个高效、准确的Web检索工具。 本文针对目前搜索引擎在检索准确率和全面性方面存在的不足,设计并实现了一种智能化搜索引擎模型,同时提出了一种改进的聚类算法和关联分析方法,并在此基础上实现了一个基于数据挖掘的搜索模型。     

CDSE：一个面向领域的智能搜索引擎

介绍了一个面向领域的智能搜索引擎CDSE(Computer Document Search Engine)的设计和实现。CDSE结合文本分类和关键词组抽取检索用户需要的信息。利用了多个算法，综合运用了统计学方法、数据挖掘技术和Agent技术，较好地解决了现有搜索引擎普遍存在的搜索精度差、相关文档列序较后的问题。     

叙词表及其管理系统在 CERN 生态学数据资源检索中的应用

为了更好地利用 CERN 数据管理与信息共享系统技术平台为广大科研人员提供 CERN 生态学数据资源服务,CERN 需要不断完善平台性能,其中包括提高用户搜索 CERN 数据资源的效率和可靠性.本文分析了导航式搜索、主题式搜索、关键词搜索等三种不同检索方式的优缺点,着重讨论了在关键词搜索方式中,如何引入叙词表的技术来提高检索结果的查全率、查准率和响应速度.本文介绍了叙词表的概念与 CERN 生态学叙词表的构建方法,以及如何将开源的叙词表管理系统 TemaTres 进行汉化,包括关键词浏览功能、关键词扩展功能、关键词自动填完功能、利用扩展后的关键词去搜索 CERN 生态学数据资源元数据功能的汉化实现过程.通过建设并运行 TemaTres 汉化版叙词表管理信息系统,增强了 CERN 生态学元数据中关键词编撰的可控性和规范性,并且在 CERN 数据资源元数据检索中引入了关键词之间的某些简单的语义关系,比如等级关系、等同关系 (即同义词)、相关关系,从而改善了搜索效率,同时为下一步构建生态学本体打下良好基础.     

基于BTM主题模型的对称可搜索加密方案

为了实现基于语义的密文检索,提高密文检索的准确率和效率,本文提出了一种基于biterm主题模型(biterm topic model,BTM)的多关键词可排序对称可搜索加密方案(BTM-MRSE).通过主题模型对关键词和文档之间的潜在语义进行建模,用户利用查询关键词的概率分布作为检索陷门,根据查询关键词与文档之间的语义...     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。