纳米功能锦纶的力学性能

为了探讨纳米材料对纳米功能锦纶力学性能的影响,比较研究了纳米功能锦纶、光电子锦纶和普通锦纶的强度、伸长率、断裂比功、初始模量、松弛性能和弹性回复率等力学性能。结果表明,纳米功能锦纶与普通锦纶相比,前者的强度、伸长率和断裂比功小,而初始模量和弹性回复率大;日晒对纳米功能锦纶的断裂强度和断裂伸长率影响较小,对其初始模量影响较大;纳米功能锦纶和普通锦纶的应力松弛曲线形状相似,日晒后,前者的松弛速度明显大于后者。     

锦纶6细旦丝加弹工艺探讨

介绍了生产锦纶细旦 ＰＯＹ、ＤＴＹ的工艺技术,探讨了ＰＯＹ加工影响因素和后加工速度、拉伸比、Ｄ／Ｙ比、变形温度等参数对锦纶细旦丝质量的影响。     

锦纶与比马棉精梳混纺纱的生产实践

针对军需作训服对耐磨性和舒适性的特殊要求,采用锦纶与比马棉进行混纺生产所需的纱线。探讨锦纶和比马棉的品质特征,以及混纺精梳纱纺纱过程中存在的突出问题。通过工艺参数优化、纺纱器材的重新优选,控制满足生产要求的车间温湿度,实施日常生产所需的工艺措施和生产管理注意事项等,成功纺制了锦纶/比马棉精梳混纺纱。结果表明:锦纶和比马棉经过精梳进行混纺,能够生产出符合耐磨和舒适性要求的纱线,满足作训服织物对纱线的要求。     

棉远红外锦纶混纺纱及织物性能研究

探讨棉远红外锦纶混纺纱及织物的性能。纺制出同规格棉/远红外锦纶20/80、35/65、55/45及80/20混纺纱和纯棉纱,测试了各单纱的断裂强力、毛羽、条干,并测试了棉/远红外锦纶35/65和纯棉织物的防紫外线性能和抗菌性能。研究结果表明:棉远红外锦纶临界混纺比大约为55/45;随着远红外锦纶混纺比的减少,混纺纱的毛羽逐渐增多,混纺纱的断裂强度先减小后增大,而混纺纱的断裂伸长率逐渐下降,混纺纱条干不匀率先恶化后改善;混纺织物的防紫外线性能和抗菌性能明显高于纯棉织物。认为:棉远红外锦纶具有较好的功能性,应用前景广阔。     

混纺比对锦纶/苎麻混纺纱性能的影响

制备了不同混纺比的锦纶/苎麻紧密纺混纺纱及其织物,测试其性能。结果表明:锦纶/苎麻80/20以及锦纶/苎麻60/40混纺纱的综合性能较好,纱的强力、伸长较大,而毛羽、疵点较少;为达到舒适效果,利用苎麻优良的透气、透湿特性,采用锦纶/苎麻60/40混纺纱织成织物,与相同混纺比的涤纶/苎麻和棉/苎麻织物进行对比。结果可见,锦纶/苎麻织物刚度小,抗皱性略低于涤纶/苎麻织物而远优于棉/苎麻织物,透气性远优于涤纶/苎麻织物而略低于棉/苎麻织物。     

赛络菲尔锦纶长丝复合股线的生产

探讨赛络菲尔纺锦纶长丝复合双股线的生产工艺。以锦纶长丝为芯丝,粘胶短纤、锦纶短纤、粗特锦纶短纤为外包纤维,通过原料的优选和混纺比的确定,优化工艺流程,合理配置工艺,精准把握各工序质量控制要点,成功生产出赛络菲尔纺21.0 tex×2锦纶长丝复合双股线。认为:赛络菲尔纺锦纶长丝复合双股线具有较好的仿兔毛风格。     

黑色高强锦纶6长丝的制备和分析

探讨原料和纺丝工艺对黑色高强锦纶6长丝的明度和色相及物理力学性能的影响,重点分析母粒、锦纶6切片、纺丝速度、纺丝温度和拉伸比,生产出断裂强度达8. 0 c N/dtex以上的黑色高强锦纶6长丝。     

22dtex/7f PA6 DTY生产工艺探讨

讨论了27dtex/7f锦纶6POY原丝以及22dtex/7f锦纶6DTY生产工艺条件对产品质量的影响,认为在DTY加工速度700m/min,拉伸比1.235～1.245,定型温度165℃,D/Y比1.9～2.2,并采用聚氨酯摩擦盘的条件下,可获得性能良好的22dtex/7f锦纶6弹力丝。     

锦纶棉混纺织物的热湿舒适性研究

测试分析锦纶棉混纺织物的热湿舒适性能。以5种不同混纺比的锦纶棉混纺织物为例,测试并分析了各织物的透气率、透湿量、芯吸高度、蒸发速率和液态水分管理能力(OMMC值);结果表明:锦纶与棉混纺比为60∶40时,织物热湿舒适性良好,力学性能也能满足实用要求。认为:混纺比对锦纶棉混纺织物热湿舒适性影响显著。     

石墨烯锦纶混纺纱产品开发及性能

为了开发石墨烯锦纶纱线,解决纺纱成卷困难问题,并找到与石墨烯锦纶混纺后成纱综合性能较优的纤维。采用相同纺纱设备、工艺参数和混纺比,试纺并对比GN40/C60、GN40/B60和GN/30/C30/M30纺纱各道工序的关键技术及成纱质量。发现用石墨烯改性的锦纶抗静电性增强,省去开清前抗静电剂处理。石墨烯锦纶存在纤维间抱合力小、成卷困难问题,可在开清工序混入30%混纺纤维,并条工序调整并合比例使成纱达到预设的混纺比。石墨烯加入削弱纤维强度,需在粗纱和细纱工序将捻系数调大10%左右,得到石墨烯锦纶与竹纤维混合时成纱综合性能效果最优。     

微细旦锦纶POY纺丝工艺探讨

简要介绍了微细旦锦纶ＰＯＹ的生产工艺．通过对常规生产线作部分改动,严格控制纺丝条件．可以生产出单丝纤度在０．８～１．６ｄｔｅｘ之间的微细旦锦纶ＰＯＹ。     

CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF NYLON-66 BEER ADSORBATE. III. COLOUR REACTIONS ON THIN-LAYER AND PAPER CHROMATOGRAMS

A thorough investigation of Nylon-66 adsorbate from a Canadian ale on various chemical constituents has been made using thin-layer and paper chromatography coupled with different colour reactions. In addition to polyphenols, proteins and carbohydrates which are customary constituents of a polyamide beer adsorbate, a number of other types of organic compounds have been identified.     

CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF NYLON-66 BEER ADSORBATE. II. THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY OF THE ACIDIC AND ALKALINE HYDROLYSIS PRODUCTS

The preparations obtained from the acidic and caustic desorbates of Nylon-66 beer adsorbates have been submitted to different hydrolytic procedures and the phenolics thus obtained examined by means of uni- and two-dimensional chromatography with the aid of appropriate reference compounds. A number of polyphenols and phenolic as well as cinnamic acids has been identified. The presence of trans-o-coumaric acid has not been previously reported in beer.     

Surface modification of nylon fabric and its optimization for improved adhesion in rubber composites

Nylon-6,6 fabric was treated with formic acid for surface roughening and was subjected to Resorcinol Formaldehyde Latex treatment for making rubber composites. Physicochemical effects of surface roughening of nylon were evidenced using scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscope (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Further, the treatment effect on interfacial adhesion was quantified through peel strength test. The process parameters of the formic acid treatment were optimized using Box-Behnken method through geometrical surface roughness obtained through Kawabata evaluation system for micro-surface roughness of nylon to ensure good interfacial adhesion with rubber. Surface modification conditions of 11.2% formic acid concentration, 70 °C temperature and 30 min time were found to yield optimum condition at which surface roughness (SMD) was found to be of 20.1 μm. SEM analysis confirmed the presence of heterogeneous appearance like cracks, etches and micro-rough surfaces on the treated Nylon-6,6 fibre surface. FTIR analysis showed changes in –C = O stretching and –N–H stretching. No significant change was noted in the DSC curve. The peel strength between the rubber and treated fabric was improved to 150% in warp and 124% in weft directions, respectively with reference to the control fabric.     

尼龙-66涂层阻燃整理工艺研究

采用磷系阻燃剂对尼龙-66织物进行涂层阻燃整理。探讨各因素对阻燃性能的影响,得出尼龙-66织物阻燃整理的优化工艺为:涂刮工艺,P-N阻燃剂A用量25%(质量分数),焙烘165℃×2 min。经整理的织物甲醛含量0.51 mg/kg,水洗20次后阻燃性能达到美国航空防火标准。     

CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF NYLON-66 BEER ADSORBATE. I. PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATIONS AND ANTHOCYANOGEN CONTENTS

A short survey of the polyphenolic substances of interest in brewing research and practice is given and a simple but comprehensive classification of phenolics (“tannins”) is proposed. A preliminary investigation has been made of the chemical constituents of a Nylon-66 beer adsorbate from a Canadian ale. Different fractions were obtained from the Nylon resin beer adsorbate and its caustic desorbate by using various organic solvents for extraction; the extractive power and selectivity of different solvents are compared. The anthocyanogen content of various fractions was determined by five different methods, and the widely varying results obtained indicate the serious shortcomings of the methods at present available for anthocyanogen determination.     

Dyestuffs and metal ions absorbents based on UV-coated Nylon-6 fabric

Hydrophilicity of Nylon-6 fabrics has been modified by surface coating with aqueous solution of carboxymethyl cellulose and acrylic acid (AAc) using UV irradiation. The effect of AAc concentration and UV irradiation time (minute) on the hydrophilic properties of the coated nylon fabric was studied. Water absorption (%) increased with increasing AAc concentration up to 20% at 20 min. Morphology of coated fabrics was examined by scanning electron microscope, which indicated compatibility between coating layer and fabrics. Moreover, mechanical properties in terms of tensile strength and elongation at break were studied. The sorption of dyestuffs such as basic, and reactive and also, sorption of metal ions by coated fabrics was measured using UV Spectrophotometer. The results showed that the coated fabrics have a high affinity for basic rather than reactive dye. Also, coated fabrics show good efficiency toward metal ions such as Cu²⁺, Ni²⁺, and Co²⁺. The results obtained show that the coated nylon fabrics have good sorption ability toward heavy metal ions and dyes.     

CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF NYLON-66 BEER ADSORBATE. IV. FLAVOUR EFFECTS

Phenolic concentrates, derived from Nylon-66 beer adsorbate, have been submitted to strong oxidative conditions involving refluxing in butanol and air. The changes in chemical composition of the concentrates were followed by various methods, including simultaneous determination of anthocyanogens and catechins (tanninogens). Flavour effects of the fresh concentrates, as well as of their oxidized mixtures, were examined in 5% aqueous ethanol and in beer. The influence of concentrates on the beer flavour was comparable with that of the fresh polyphenols, while the oxidized mixtures resembled in that respect the oxidized polyphenols. It was thereby proved that these concentrates retained their basic phenolic character in spite of the contaminants present, both before and after oxidation. Furthermore, the role of polyphenols in beer flavour was thus shown for the actual phenolic combinations occurring in beer.     

Activity,stability, and binding capacity of β-galactosidase immobilized on electrospun nylon-6 fiber membrane

In this research, we explored various immobilized enzyme support materials, including the novel nylon-6 fiber membrane (NFM), and evaluated the increase in surface area and its effect on enzyme binding potential. We also manipulated incubation and reaction conditions and assessed the subsequent effects on activity and stability of β-galactosidase, with comparisons between various solid support materials and free (dissolved) enzyme. Nylon-6 fiber membranes were created by electrospinning and were compared with other materials as solid supports for enzyme binding. The other materials included polyvinylidene fluoride 5-kDa nanofiltration dairy membranes, nylon-6 pellets, and silica glass beads. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the large surface area of NFM, which correlated with greater enzyme activity compared with the relatively flatter surfaces of the other solid support materials. Enzyme activity was measured spectrophotometrically with the color-changing substrate o-nitrophenyl-β-d-galactopyranoside. Compared with the other solid supports, NFM had greater maximum enzyme binding potential. Across pH conditions ranging from 3.5 to 6.0 (including the optimal pH of 4.0–5.0), enzyme activity was maintained on the membrane-immobilized samples, whereas free enzyme did not maintain activity. Altering the storage temperature (4, 22, and 50°C) affected enzyme stability (i.e., the ability of the enzyme to maintain activity over time) of free and polyvinylidene fluoride membrane samples. However, NFM samples maintained stability across the varying storage temperatures. Increasing the immobilization solution enzyme concentration above the maximum enzyme binding capacity had no significant effect on enzyme stability for membrane-immobilized samples; however, both had lower mean stability than free enzyme by approximately 74%. With further development, β-galactosidase immobilized on NFM or other membranes could be used in continuous processing in the dairy industry for a combination of filtration and lactose hydrolysis—creating products that are reduced in lactose and increased in sweetness, with no requirement for “added sugars” on the nutrition label and no enzyme listed as final product ingredient.