2型糖尿病不同代谢控制状况时餐后血脂的比较

目的探讨2型搪尿病血糖控制对空腹、餐后血脂的影响.方法将53例2型糖尿病患者按不同锫化血红蛋白水平分为3组,观察各组空腹、餐后甘油三酯及其它血脂成份变化.结果糖化血红蛋白>10%组较搪化血红蛋白8%～10%及<8%组餐后甘油三酯明显增高,具有显著差异(P<0.05);对三组餐后甘油三酯与空腹甘油三酯进行的相关分析显示,餐后甘油三酯水平与空腹甘油三酯水平具有显著的正相关(P<0.001).结论随着血糖控制的改善,空腹及餐后甘油三酯下降,提示2型糖尿病血糖控制对降低甘油三酯有重要意义.     

2型糖尿病患者血脂水平与血糖控制关系

目的 了解2型糖尿病患者血脂水平与血糖控制的关系.方法 收集参加居民医保免费服药2型糖尿病患者年度体检数据,采用非条件logistic回归分析探讨血糖与血脂的关系.结果 纳入8 725例2型糖尿病患者,HbA1c为(6.9±1.2)％,控制率为61.5％,血脂异常率为31.0％.血脂、TC、TG、LDL-C异常率均随H...     

常熟市2型糖尿病患者血糖控制程度与血脂水平的相关性分析

目的了解江苏省常熟市2型糖尿病患者血糖控制程度与血脂水平之间的关系,为监测、控制糖尿病病情提供更科学、更合理的依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,于2013年10月至2014年2月,对常熟市纳入基本公共卫生服务的35岁以上2型糖尿病患者10 246人进行现况调查,包括个人问卷调查,身体测量,糖化血红蛋白(Hb Alc)、空腹血糖(FPG)、血脂(甘油三酯TG、总胆固醇TC、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇酯HDL-C、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇酯LDL-C)检测等。按Hb Alc水平将样本分为控制组(Hb A1c6.5%)和未控制组(Hb A1c≥6.5%),分析其血脂水平;并对其中血脂异常人群的血糖控制状况进行分析。结果与血糖控制组相比,未控制组TG、TC、LDL-C水平较高(P0.05);随着糖化血红蛋白水平的升高,TC、TG、LDL-C水平呈现上升趋势(P0.05);血脂异常人群血糖控制状况不佳,与血脂正常人群相比有差异(P0.05)。结论常熟市2型糖尿病患者血糖控制状况不佳,在监测血糖的同时,还应监测血脂水平,加强生活方式等干预,减少糖尿病相关并发症的发生。     

空腹血糖、餐后血糖 以2型糖尿病为主要特征

空腹血糖别〉6．1毫摩尔/升 血糖检测对于判断身体的糖代谢情况及其与糖代谢紊乱相关疾病的诊断有重要意义。体检时常用的血糖检测指标有空腹血糖、餐后血糖、糖化血红蛋白等。空腹血糖是指在早晨6～7点空腹时血液中葡萄糖的含量,是目前临床上诊断2型糖尿病最常用的一个检测项目。我们经常看到有些人8点以后空着肚子抽血,殊不知此时的血糖已经失去了早餐前血糖的意义。     

诺和龙对糖尿病患者餐后血糖、血脂及对糖化血红蛋白的影响

目的探讨诺和龙对糖尿病患者餐后血糖、血脂及对糖化血红蛋白的影响。方法分析该院187例初诊2型糖尿病患者,随机分为治疗组96例给予诺和龙,对照组91例给予二甲双胍。比较两组餐后2h血糖(hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、TC(血清总胆固醇),TG(血清甘油三酯)变化情况。结果治疗前两组2hPG、HbA1c、TC,TG水平变化无显著性意义(P>0.05)。治疗后两组2hPG、HbA1c、TC,TG水平变化具有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论诺和龙治疗糖尿病疗效确切,值得临床推广使用。     

2型糖尿病肾病代谢指标分析

目的探讨2型糖尿病肾病糖化血红蛋白、血脂、收缩压（SBP）之间的相关性，以指导临床医生及早防治。方法对122例2型糖尿病患者的空腹血糖（FBG）、糖化血红蛋白、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（HDL—C）、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（LDL—C）、SBP分别进行检测及计算，按照尿白蛋白排泄率（UAER）分为糖尿病肾病组和非糖尿病肾病组，分别进行分析。结果糖尿病肾病组FBG、糖化血红蛋白、LDL—C、TG、SBP均显著高于非糖尿病肾病组（P〈0．01）。结论早期控制血糖、血脂、血压，缩短病程，是防止糖尿病肾病发生、发展的关键。     

老年糖尿病患者运动状况及血糖控制情况研究

目的 研究老年糖尿病患者运动状况及血糖控制情况。方法 以2020年1月至2021年12月商丘市某医院诊治的老年糖尿病患者为研究对象,自制调查问卷获取患者的基本资料（包括性别、年龄、文化程度、居住地、病程、糖尿病并发症和其他基础疾病）,采用老年糖尿病患者运动锻炼评估量表评估运动状况,采用血生化指标检测评估血糖控制达标情况,分析老年糖尿病患者运动状况、血糖控制达标情况及其影响因素。结果 共纳入有效研究对象1 173例,其中男645例（54.99%）,年龄60～84岁,以60～69岁为主（45.69%）,文化程度以初中及以下为主（51.66%）,居住地以农村为主（56.61%）,病程以<5年为主（65.47%）,无糖尿病并发症者占90.88%,无其他基础疾病者占79.71%。血糖控制达标389例,达标率33.16%。运动状况总分（114.39±20.53）分,血糖未达标患者的运动状况总分及运动知识、运动行为、专业支持维度评分均显著低于血糖达标患者（均P<0.01）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,病程（OR=0.689）、糖尿病并发症（OR=0.498）、其他基础疾病（O...     

2型糖尿病患者进食不同食物对餐后2h血糖的影响

目的 观察糖尿病患者进食不同种类的食物对餐后血糖的影响。方法 将150例2型糖尿病患者随机分成豆渣包组、标准馒头组和普通面包组，每组50例，分别进食不同种类的食物，测定其空腹血糖(FPG)和餐后2h血糖(2hPBC)。结果 3组的2hPBG有差别，以标准馒头组最高，普通面包组次之，豆渣包组最低；3组的2hPBG与FPG的差值也有差异，标准馒头组最高，普通面包组次之，豆渣包组最低。结论 糖尿病患者进食不同种类的食物对2hPBG有不同的影响，监测2hPBG比FPG更重要。     

儿童青少年2型糖尿病的临床特点

目的:探讨儿童青少年2型糖尿病的临床表现特点。方法:对比41例2型糖尿病儿童青少年患者和63例1型糖尿病儿童青少年患者的诊治情况。结果:儿童青少年2型糖尿病患者起病年龄比Ⅰ型大(P<0.01);起病时1型糖尿病患者的空腹血糖(FPG)和糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)明显高于2型糖尿病患者(P<0.01);起病时2型糖尿病患者的体重指数(BMI)显著大于1型糖尿病患者(P<0.01)。75.61%的2型糖尿病患者有糖尿病家族史,与1型糖尿病患者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:2型糖尿病患者以男性居多,起病较迟,病情较轻。其发病率升高与肥胖和糖尿病家族史显著相关。     

2型糖尿病患者控制状况探讨

目的探讨2型糖尿病患者血糖、血脂和血压的控制状况。方法选择2006年到天津医科大学代谢病医院就诊的2型糖尿病患者111例，其中接受过糖尿病教育者39例，未接受过糖尿病教育的72例。均测定糖化血红蛋白（HbAlc）、血脂和血压。结果2型糖尿病患者HbAlc、血脂和血压的控制达标率为21．6％、8．1％和9．0％。接受过糖尿病教育的患者HbAlc检测结果明显低于未接受过教育者（P〈0．01）。结论2型糖尿病患者的控制现状不容乐观，系统的糖尿病教育具有一定作用。     

Pinitol from soybeans reduces postprandial blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

The effect of 3-O-methyl-D-chiro-inositol (D-pinitol), purified from soybean, on the postprandial blood glucose response in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was examined. Fifteen Korean subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (seven men, eight women; 60.3 +/- 3.1 years old) ingested cooked white rice containing 50 g of available carbohydrate with or without prior ingestion of soy pinitol. Pinitol was given either as a 1.2 g dose at 0, 60, 120, or 180 minutes prior to rice ingestion, or as a 0.6 g dose at 60 minutes prior to rice ingestion. Capillary blood glucose levels were monitored for 4 hours after rice consumption. The ingestion of 1.2 g of pinitol 60 minutes prior to rice consumption controlled postprandial capillary blood glucose most effectively, significantly diminishing the postprandial increase in plasma glucose levels measured at 90 and 120 minutes after rice consumption (P < .05). The incremental area under the plasma glucose response curve for subjects who consumed both pinitol and rice was significantly lower than that for subjects who consumed only rice (P < .05), but pinitol had no apparent effect on postprandial insulin levels. Therefore, soybean-derived pinitol may be useful in controlling postprandial increases in blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes.     

不同步行强度对2型糖尿病患者餐后血糖的影响

目的比较不同步行强度对老年2型糖尿病患者餐后2 h血糖水平的影响,为优化2型糖尿病步行运动效果提供参考。方法将120例符合入组标准的2型糖尿病患者按随机数字表分为4组,4组均保持前期治疗方法不变,在早餐后1 h增加不同强度的户外快步行走,比较4组患者运动前后餐后2 h血糖水平。结果 4组患者运动后餐后2 h血糖均较运动前明显下降,其中Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组下降明显(P<0.01),Ⅳ组下降程度最大,但Ⅳ组大部分患者出现心慌、气短等反应;Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组运动后耗氧量分别为(22±6)%、(31±7)%、(40±8)%、(44±7)%,以40%～45%最大耗氧量的较低运动强度为Ⅲ组。结论在早餐后1 h户外快步行走3000步,速度控制为1000步/10 min,能有效地调节和控制血糖水平,且患者耐受性良好,可作为2型糖尿病安全、有效的运动疗法。     

Inulin controls inflammation and metabolic endotoxemia in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized-controlled clinical trial

There is limited evidence on the effects of prebiotics on inflammation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of inulin supplementation on inflammatory indices and metabolic endotoxemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The participants included diabetic females (n?=?49). They were divided into an intervention group (n?=?24) as well as a control group (n?=?25) and received 10?g/d inulin or maltodextrin for 8 weeks, respectively. Fasting blood sugar (FBS), HbA1c, insulin, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were measured pre and post intervention. Inulin-supplemented patients exhibited a significant decrease in FBS (8.5%), HbA1c (10.4%), fasting insulin (34.3%), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (39.5%), hs-CRP (35.6%), TNF-α (23.1%), and LPS (27.9%) compared with the maltodextrin group (p?0.05). Increase in IL-10 was not significant in inulin compared with the maltodextrin group. It can be concluded that inulin supplementation seems to be able to modulate inflammation and metabolic endotoxemia in women with type 2 diabetes.     

丹红注射液对2型糖尿病患者血脂、血流变学的影响

目的观察丹红注射液对2型糖尿病患者血脂、血流变学的影响。方法68例2型糖尿病患者在血糖控制平稳后入组,入组后在降糖、降脂的基础上加用0．9％氯化钠注射液250ml＋丹红注射液40ml静脉滴注,每日1次,2周为一疗程,观察入组时及治疗后血脂及血流变学变化。结果治疗2周后,患者的血脂及血流变学较入组时有明显改善。结论丹红注射液在治疗2型糖尿病过程中有降低血脂、改善血流变学的作用。     

Nutritional risk and metabolic syndrome in Korean type 2 diabetes mellitus

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) are rapidly increasing in Asia including Korea. In 2005, the Third Korea National Health and Nutrition examination survey (KNHANES III) reported that the prevalence of DM and MetS in adults was estimated to be 8.7% and 32.6%, respectively. In our study of 688 type 2 DM patients, MetS prevalence was 46.9% for males, and 65.1% for females. Patients with T2DM and MetS showed significantly higher insulin resistance than T2DM without MetS, confirming that insulin resistance is an important feature of MetS in T2DM patients. Patients with T2DM and MetS showed higher BMI, waist circumference, blood triglycerides, atherogenic index, C-reactive protein and lower HDL-cholesterol. In recent years, concerns with regard to the association of diet with MetS have grown. In our study with non-DM elderly people, higher % energy from carbohydrate, and lower intakes of antioxidant vitamins were considered to be associated with the risk of MetS. Patients with T2DM and MetS showed significant positive correlations between intakes of energy, carbohydrate, protein and lipids with BMI, weight, as well as waist circumference. These associations were not found in patients with T2DM without MetS. Nutritional risk factors for MetS among middle-aged T2DM subjects would be excessive carbohydrate intake with low intakes of fat, protein, vitamins, and minerals.     

Effect of chromium supplementation on blood glucose and lipid levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus elderly patients

Intervention trials have shown the beneficial effects of chromium supplementation in type 2 diabetes (non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus). This study investigated the effects of chromium picolinate on elderly diabetic patients within a rehabilitation program. Thirty-nine diabetic subjects, average age 73 years (18 males and 21 females), undergoing rehabilitation following stroke or hip fracture, were recruited to participate in this study. An additional 39 diabetic patients constituted the control group. Along with standard treatment for diabetes, the study group received 200 microg of chromium twice a day for a three-week period. Blood samples, dietary intake, and anthropometric data were collected prior to and post-intervention. Throughout the study period, participants received a diet of approximately 1500 kcal/day. Significant differences in the fasting blood level of glucose compared to the baseline (190 mg/dL vs 150 mg/dL, p < 0.001) were found at the end of the study. HbA1c also improved from 8.2% to 7.6% (p < 0.01). Total cholesterol was also reduced from 235 mg/dL to 213 mg/dL (p < 0.02). A trend towards lowered triglyceride levels was also observed (152 mg/dL vs 136 mg/dL). We conclude that, in this population of elderly, diabetic patients undergoing rehabilitation, dietary supplementation with chromium is beneficial in moderating glucose intolerance. In addition, chromium intake appears to lower plasma lipid levels.     

Disorders of lipid metabolism in 3 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2

Three patients with diabetes mellitus (type 2) and cardiovascular disease had disturbed lipid concentrations: two women aged 60 and 73 years and one man aged 47 years. The lipid levels were normalised during the 9-18 years of treatment with medication and in this period the patients experienced no cardiovascular events. Disturbances in plasma lipid levels play a major role in the increased risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes mellitus (type 2). Cholesterol-lowering treatment should be aggressive and based on the lipid profile. Statins reduce cardiovascular events by lowering the concentration of both the total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol whereas fibrates reduce cardiovascular events by increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations and lowering triglyceride concentrations.     

Divergent in vitro and in vivo lipid peroxidation in the postprandial phase of patients with type I diabetes mellitus

OBJECTIVE: The two- to fourfold higher risk of cardiovascular disease in diabetes mellitus is more strongly predicted by the postprandial than by the fasting blood glucose and lipids. We aimed to investigate the impact of postprandial changes in serum lipoprotein fractions on lipid peroxidation in type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM). DESIGN: This was a prospective observational study. SETTING: The study was performed at Antwerp University Hospital, Belgium.Subjects:Twenty-three well-controlled T1DM patients were included. INTERVENTION: Patients received a standard breakfast and lunch (>50% energy as fat). Blood was sampled at fasting (F), after the post-breakfast hyperglycemic peak (BP), just before lunch (B), after the post-lunch hyperglycemic peak (LP), after the post-lunch dale (LD) and 5 h after lunch (L) for the measurement of serum lipids, lipoprotein subfraction composition, alpha-tocopherol and lipid peroxidation in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS: Serum triacylglycerols (Tgs) increased (from 1.03+/-0.40 at F to 1.60+/-0.87 mmol/l at LP, P=0.001), but cholesterol decreased by 12% in parallel with alpha-tocopherol (from 4.43+/-0.76 at F to 4.12+/-0.82 micromol/mmol total lipid at B, P=0.006). Although plasma malondialdehyde increased from 1.02+/-0.36 at F to 1.14+/-0.40 micromol/L at LP, P=0.03, copper-induced in vitro peroxidation decreased in the low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein fractions. CONCLUSIONS: In well-controlled T1DM patients moderate postprandial increases in serum Tgs are accompanied by a relative deficiency in alpha-tocopherol. Lipid peroxidation in vivo increases but cannot be ascribed to changes in the susceptibility of lipoproteins to copper-induced in vitro peroxidation.