一测多评法测定六神丸中5种蟾毒配基类成分含量

目的：建立一测多评法测定六神丸中蟾毒配基类成分含量的分析方法,并验证此方法在六神丸中的可行性和适应性。方法：采用高效液相色谱法,以华蟾酥毒基（S）为内参物,建立日蟾毒它灵（A）、蟾毒它灵（B）、蟾毒灵（C）和脂蟾毒配基（D）的相对校正因子。分别采用外标法和一测多评法测定六神丸中5种蟾毒配基类成分的含量,并比较测定值和计算值之间的差异。结果：六神丸中蟾毒配基类成分间的相对校正因子分别为f_A/S=1.06,f_B/S=0.896,f_C/S=1.09,f_D/S=0.914,一测多评法的计算值与外标法的实测值的相对误差小于1%。结论：以华蟾酥毒基为内参物建立的相对校正因子准确、可行,一测多评法可用于六神丸中蟾毒配基类成分的质量评价。     

毒性中药蟾酥质量检测方法研究

目的:建立蟾蜍中多种药效及毒性成分蟾蜍毒素的定性定量检测方法。方法:采用液相色谱-质谱/质谱联用方法检测蟾酥中多种蟾蜍毒素成分。结果:建立了华蟾毒它灵、蟾蜍灵、华蟾毒配基及脂蟾毒配基的LC-MS/MS检测方法。比较了蟾酥样本的液相色谱-质谱/质谱联用分析数据。对4个不同来源中华大蟾蜍及黑眶蟾蜍的蟾酥样本进行检测,检出华蟾毒它灵、蟾蜍灵、华蟾毒配基及脂蟾毒配基的含量范围为0.05%~5.12%(w/w)。结论:液相色谱-质谱/质谱联用方法可用于蟾酥定性定量检测,并为质量评价提供参考。     

HPLC法同时测定蟾酥中11个蟾毒配基成分的含量

目的:建立HPLC法同时测定蟾酥中11个蟾毒配基成分(伪异沙蟾毒精、日蟾毒它灵、沙蟾毒精、蟾蜍它里定、远华蟾蜍精、蟾毒它灵、脂蟾毒精、南美蟾毒精、蟾毒灵、脂蟾毒配基和华蟾酥毒基)的含量。方法:采用Agilent InfinityLab Poroshell 120 EC-C₁₈色谱柱(150 mm×3.0 mm 2.7μm),以0.3%乙酸水溶液-乙腈为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速为0.5 mL·min^-1,柱温为30℃,检测波长为296 nm。结果:11个蟾毒配基成分的线性范围分别为2.024～20.24μg·mL^-1(r=0.999 8)、18.44～184.4μg·mL^-1(r=0.999 9)、12.40～124.0μg·mL^-1(r=0.999 5)、3.720～37.20μg·mL^-1(r=0.999 5)、10.28～102.8μg·mL^-1(r=0.999 8)、22.16～221.6μg·mL^-1(r=...     

HPLC法测定蟾皮中蟾毒配基类成分的含量

目的用HPLC法测定蟾皮中蟾蜍灵、脂蟾毒配基、华蟾蜍精等成分的含量。方法样品经乙醇室温浸渍提取,采用HPLC法测定。色谱柱为DiamonsilTMC18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-乙腈-水(体积比为4∶1∶5),流速为1.0 mL.min-1,检测波长为296 nm,柱温为40℃。结果蟾蜍灵、脂蟾毒配基和华蟾蜍精分别在0.0848~0.5088、0.0884~0.5304和0.2000~1.2000μg内与色谱峰面积线性关系良好,相关系数r分别为0.9999、0.9992和1.0000。蟾蜍灵、脂蟾毒配基和华蟾蜍精的平均回收率分别为99.3%、99.6%和99.0%,RSD分别为0.5%、0.2%和0.6%(n=9)。结论HPLC法可用于蟾皮中蟾蜍灵、脂蟾毒配基和华蟾蜍精的含量测定。     

干蟾皮及其炮制品的指纹图谱建立与化学模式识别

目的:建立干蟾皮生品及炮制品UPLC指纹图谱,并同时测定干蟾皮中指标性成分日蟾毒它灵、沙蟾毒精、蟾蜍它里定、蟾毒它灵、华蟾毒它灵、蟾毒灵、华蟾酥毒基、脂蟾毒配基、沙蟾毒精-3-辛二醇辛酯的含量,通过化学模式识别控制干蟾皮质量。方法:干蟾皮的甲醇提取液的分析采用Waters Acquity UPLC BEH色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7μm),以乙腈-0.5%乙酸为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速为0.2 mL·min^-1,柱温为30℃,检测波长为296 nm。结果:12批生品和12批炮制品的总含量分别为3.18～4.69 mg·g^-1和0.91～2.77 mg·g^-1,指纹图谱中均有9个共有峰,相似度分别为0.963～0.991和0.692～0.988,主成分分析和聚类分析能很好地识别干蟾皮的生品和炮制品。结论:该方法稳定、可靠,可为干蟾皮的质量控制、炮制工艺,进一步开发研究提供科学依据。     

蟾皮中蟾毒配基类成分的分离与鉴定

目的研究中华大蟾蜍(Bufo bufo gargarizansCantor)皮中的蟾毒配基类成分。方法利用反复硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱、半制备高效液相色谱、重结晶等手段分离纯化蟾皮中的蟾毒配基类成分,根据化合物的理化性质和各种波谱学数据鉴定其化学结构。结果分离得到11个蟾毒配基类化合物,分别鉴定为脂蟾毒配基(resibufogenin,1)、华蟾毒精(cinobufagin,2)、蟾毒灵(bufalin,3)、远华蟾毒精(telocinobufagin,4)、蟾毒它灵(bufotalin,5)、去乙酰华蟾毒它灵(desace-tylcinobufotalin,6)、嚏根草苷元(hellebrigenin,7)、沙蟾毒精(arenobufagin,8)、日蟾毒它灵(gam-abufotalin,9)、11β-羟基脂蟾毒配基(11β-hydroxylresibufogenin,10)、华蟾毒它灵(cinobufotalin,11)。结论化合物10和11为首次从中华大蟾蜍皮中分离得到。     

HPLC法同时测定六神丸中9种蟾蜍二烯内酯类成分的含量

目的:建立同时测定六神丸中和蟾蜍他灵、沙蟾毒精、远华蟾毒精、去乙酰华蟾毒它灵、蟾毒它灵、华蟾毒它灵、蟾毒灵、华蟾酥毒基、酯蟾毒配基含量的方法。方法:采用高效液相色谱法。色谱柱为ODS-2 C_(18),流动相为乙腈-0.15%磷酸溶液(梯度洗脱),流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为296 nm,柱温为40℃,进样量为10μL。结果:和蟾蜍他灵、沙蟾毒精、远华蟾毒精、去乙酰华蟾毒它灵、蟾毒它灵、华蟾毒它灵、蟾毒灵、华蟾酥毒基、酯蟾毒配基检测质量浓度线性范围分别为1.10~70.39μg/mL(r=0.999 6)、4.03~257.78μg/mL(r=0.999 9)、4.09~261.89μg/mL(r=0.999 9)、0.67~42.96μg/mL(r=0.999 9)、3.36~214.73μg/mL(r=0.999 9)、5.73~366.44μg/mL(r=0.999 9)、3.77~241.56μg/mL(r=0.999 9)、7.31~468.11μg/mL(r=0.9999)、5.18~331.56μg/mL(r=0.999 9);定量限分别为1.10、0.85、1.02、0.34、0.84、1.43、0.94、3.66、2.59μg/mL,检测限分别为0.27、0.21、0.51、0.17、0.42、0.72、0.47、0.91、1.30μg/mL;精密度、稳定性、重复性试验的RSD<3.0%;加样回收率分别为96.35%~103.10%(RSD=2.72%,n=6)、96.76%~103.24%(RSD=2.49%,n=6)、97.01%~101.39%(RSD=1.64%,n=6)、97.32%~104.01%(RSD=2.61%,n=6)、95.76%~103.60%(RSD=2.92%,n=6)、95.07%~102.59%(RSD=2.92%,n=6)、95.77%~101.43%(RSD=2.03%,n=6)、95.11%~103.72(RSD=3.19%,n=6)、95.23%~103.34(RSD=3.24%,n=6)。结论:该方法简便快速、准确可靠、重复性好,适用于同时测定六神丸中蟾蜍二烯内酯类成分的含量。     

高效液相色谱法测定小儿奇应丸中华蟾酥毒基和脂蟾毒配基的含量

目的：建立高效液相色谱法测定小儿奇应丸中蟾酥的主要成分华蟾酥毒基和脂蟾毒配基的含量测定方法,通过测定华蟾酥毒基和脂蟾毒配基含量对其质量进行控制;方法采用高效液相色谱法,选用色谱柱为Phenonmenex synergi Hydro-RP 80A （150 mm±215;4.60 mm,4μm）,流动相为乙腈-水（45：55）,柱温为25℃,流速为1.0 ml/min,检测波长为296 nm;进样量为10μl;结果华蟾酥毒基进样量在0.1527~1.2725μg范围内线性良好, r=0.9993,脂蟾毒配基进样量在0.1514~1.2615μg范围内线性良好, r=0.9992;华蟾酥毒基的平均加样回收率为100.09%（RSD=1.26%, n=6）,脂蟾毒配基的平均加样回收率为101.42%（RSD=1.40%, n=6）。结论该方法简便准确,重现性好,可用于小儿奇应丸中华蟾酥毒基和脂蟾毒配基的含量测定。     

心可宁胶囊中华蟾酥毒基和酯蟾毒配基的HPLC测定

目的：建立HPLC法测定心可宁所含蟾酥中华蟾酥毒基和酯蟾毒配基的方法,以更好的控制心可宁胶囊的质量。方法：采用Thermo C₁₈色谱柱,以0.5%磷酸二氢钾溶液-乙腈(50:50)为流动相,用磷酸调节pH至3.2,检测波长为296 nm。结果：华蟾酥毒基在30.72～71.68 μg /mL范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=1),酯蟾毒配基在30.78～71.82 μg /mL范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9999),蟾酥平均回收率为99.43%,RSD为0.78%。结论：表明本方法准确、有效,可以作为质控检测方法。     

LC-MS/MS法测定抗栓胶囊中蟾酥的两种成分含量

目的：建立测定抗栓胶囊中华蟾酥毒基与脂蟾毒配基含量的LC-MS/MS方法。方法：收集29批抗栓胶囊,选用Agilent Zorbax 300SB-C18（100 mm × 2.1 mm,3.5 μm）色谱柱,柱温为40 ℃,以0.1%甲酸水溶液（流动相A）和0.1%甲酸-乙腈（流动相B）进行梯度洗脱,流速为0.2 mL·min-1,离子源为电喷雾离子源,正离子模式监测,采用多反应监测模式。结果：华蟾酥毒基与脂蟾毒配基线性关系良好,相关系数r2≥0.99,精密度、重复性试验的RSD＜6%（n=6）,平均回收率为91.17%～93.18%,RSD＜8.0%（n=6）。29批样品中华蟾酥毒基的含量为0.1～5.3 μg·粒-1,脂蟾毒配基的含量为0.0～2.8 μg·粒-1。结论：该方法简单、快速、重复性好,可用于抗栓胶囊中华蟾酥毒基与脂蟾毒配基的含量测定,对更好地控制抗栓胶囊的质量有指导意义。     

The mode of cardiac action of cardiotonic steroids isolated from Toad Cake in perfused working guinea-pig heart and effect of cinobufagin on experimental heart failure

The effects of bufadienolides (bufalin, bufotalin, cinobufagin, cinobufotalin, gamabufotalin and resibufogenin) isolated from Toad Cake was compared to that of cardenolides (digitoxin and ouabain) on cardiac function in a guinea-pig working heart preparation. All the steroids showed the cardiotonic effect in a concentration-dependent manner, and the minimum threshold concentration was 10(-8) M for bufalin, cinobufagin, gamabufotalin and digitoxin and 10(-7) M for bufotalin, cinobufotalin and ouabain. In addition, the order of maximum efficacy of cardiotonic action was as follows: cinobufagin (3 X 10(-7) M) = ouabain (3 X 10(-7) M) greater than digitoxin (1 X 10(-7) M) = gamabufotalin (3 X 10(-7) M) greater than cinobufotalin (3 X 10(-7) M) greater than bufotalin (1 X 10(-7) M). The effect of cinobufagin was examined on experimentally induced heart failure caused by acute local ischemia through ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery in perfused guinea-pig heart. Cinobufagin (3 X 10(-7) M) and digitoxin (1 X 10(-7) M) reestablished the coronary flow of perfused guinea-pig heart to 90% and 98% of the level prior to the coronary artery ligation. The cardiac output and left ventricular pressure of perfused heart were increased to the level prior to the acute local ischemia, and the left ventricular work was increased by cinobufagin (3 X 10(-7) M) and digitoxin (1 X 10(-7) M) to 108% and 106%, respectively, of the pre-ligation level. These results indicate that cinobufagin possesses strong cardiotonic action, similar, to digitoxin, in experimentally induced heart failure due to acute local ischemia.     

Simultaneous determination and pharmacokinetics of five bufadienolides in rat plasma after oral administration of Chansu extract by SPE-HPLC method

A sensitive and rapid solid-phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography (SPE-HPLC) method has been developed for the determination of five bufadienolides, arenobufagin, teliocinobufagin, cinobufotalin, cinobufagin and resibufogenin in rat plasma and applied to a pharmacokinetic study in rats after oral administration of Chansu extract (Venenum Bufonis). Plasma samples were pretreated with solid-phase extraction using Extract-Clean cartridges, and the extracts were analyzed by a reversed-phase C(18) column on a HPLC system with photodiode array detection (DAD). The calibration curves were linear over the range of 0.10-1.66 microg/ml for arenobufagin, 0.03-1.20 microg/ml for telocinobufagin, 0.01-0.62 microg/ml for cinobufotalin, 0.03-0.70 microg/ml for cinobufagin and 0.02-2.57 microg/ml for resibufogenin, respectively. The limit of quantification was 1.1 ng/ml for arenobufagin, 0.3 ng/ml for telocinobufagin, 9.7 ng/ml for cinobufotalin, 8.8 ng/ml for cinobufagin, 7.7 ng/ml for resibufogenin, respectively. The established method could be easily applied to the determination and pharmacokinetic studies of five bufadienolides in rat plasma after oral administration of Chansu extract.     

Simultaneous determination of bufadienolides in the traditional Chinese medicine preparation, liu-shen-wan, by liquid chromatography.

The bufadienolide compounds (bufalin, cinobufagin and resibufogenin), major constituents of Chansu in Liu-Shen-Wan (LSW), were determined by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. The procedure involves a preliminary extraction of the bufadienolides from LSW with chloroform using ultrasonication and subsequent evaporation to dryness of the chloroform extract. The residue of the chloroform extract was dissolved in methanol and separated on a Merck LiChrosorb RP-18 column. Methanol: water (74:26) was used as mobile phase. The compounds were satisfactorily separated with good chromatographic peaks. Good coefficients of correlation (r > 0.999) were obtained from the calibration of peak areas with concentrations for the 3 bufadienolides. Results of analysis showed that there were differences between the contents of bufadienolides in 11 LSW samples of different origin available to the public in Hong Kong where at present there is no legal control over the sale of traditional Chinese medicines. The variability of quantities of bufadienolides in Chansu may be a hazard to the public.     

中华大蟾蜍皮化学成分的研究

从中华大蟾蜍(Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor)皮水溶性部分应用制备型反相HPLC分离得到一个新蟾蜍毒素,根据光谱(UV,IR,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR,EIMS,FDMS)、氨基酸分析及化学性质,确定其结构为Ⅰ所示,命名为蟾毒它灵3-丁二酰精氨酸酯,同时还分到三个已和蟾蜍毒素;蟾毒灵3-丁二酰精氨酸酯(Ⅱ),华蟾毒精3-丁二酰精氨酸酯(Ⅲ),脂蟾毒配基3-丁二酰精氨酸酯(Ⅳ)。     

Chemical composition and biological activity of total bufadienolides from the Central-Asian <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bufo viridis</Emphasis> toad venom

The chemical composition of bufadienolides isolated from the venom of Bufo viridis green toad occurring in Central Asia was determined and their biological properties were studied. Six individual bufadienolides were isolated by reverse-phase chromatography on a Lichrosorb RP-8 (10 μ) column in amounts sufficient for qualitative analysis. Two of these were previously identified as arenobufagin and gamabufotalin by NMR spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction methods. The chemical structures of four other bufadienolides are now established by NMR spectroscopy and HPLC. These compounds have been identified as telocinobufagin (3β,5β,14β-trihydroxybufa-20,22-dienolide), marinobufagin (3β, 5β-hydroxy-14,15β-epoxybufa-20,22-dienolide), bufarenogin (3β,12β,14β-hydroxybufa-20,22-dienolide), and bufalin (3β,14β-hydroxybufa-20,22-dienolide). __________ Translated from Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 41, No. 11, pp. 33–37, November, 2007.     

一测多评法同时测定蒙药吉如合-6中6种成分含量

目的 利用一测多评法同时测定蒙药吉如合-6中鞣花酸、肉桂酸、丁香酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、去氢二异丁香酚等6种成分的含量，并验证该方法在蒙药吉如合-6质量控制研究中的可行性与科学性。方法 采用一测多评法；供试品采用75%甲醇回流提取；以丁香酚为内标物，测定其他5种成分相对校正因子(ƒ_k/m)；采用一测多评法与外标法进行含量计算、比对。结果 所测定的鞣花酸、肉桂酸、丁香酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、去氢二异丁香酚等6种成分分别在其各自范围内有良好的线性关系(即r>0.999 9)，平均加样回收率为94.80%~98.85%，RSD<2.0%，外标法与一测多评法所测得结果之间相对误差<2%。结论 一测多评法操作简便、准确可行、重复性好，可用于蒙药吉如合-6的质量控制。     

基于一测多评法对注射用益气复脉(冻干)中糖类成分的质量控制研究

目的 建立一测多评法（QAMS）测定注射用益气复脉（冻干）（YQFM）中4种糖类成分含量的分析方法,并探讨在蒸发光散射检测器（ELSD）上建立QAMS分析法的可行性。方法 采用HPLC-ELSD技术,以果糖对照品为内参物,建立其与葡萄糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖的相对校正因子（f）,通过f计算YQFM中3种糖类成分;并在25批YQFM中进行验证,同时将该方法与外标两点法测定的结果进行对比分析,以验证QAMS法的适用性、可行性和重复性。结果 在一定的线性范围内,YQFM中4种糖类成分间的相对校正因子分别为：f_葡/果＝0.743,f_蔗/果＝0.823,f_麦/果＝0.695。QAMS法的计算结果与外标两点法的实测值之间存在显著性差异,其相对偏差远远大于5%。结论 HPLC-ELSD外标法能够准确地测定YQFM中4种糖类成分的含量,而在ELSD检测器上建立的QAMS法准确度不如外标法,其原理与适用范围需要更进一步的探究。