人工智能课程实践教学改革探讨和研究

基于人工智能专业课程信息融合度高、算法复杂抽象的特点,探讨和研究如何适应应用型人才培养目标的问题,从实验教学方法、构建人工智能实验平台、创建开放式实验模式和建设多元实验评价体系等角度进行探讨,目的是提高学生的积极性,能深入理解人工智能专业基本概念,具备理论的创新能力。     

机器智能实验课程虚拟仿真平台设计

机器智能实验课需要虚拟仿真的环境,基于三维虚拟世界平台的机器智能实验课程虚拟仿真平台设计,通过具身化实现了完全分布式控制的多智能体虚拟环境,在实时同步和有噪声的对抗环境中实验人工智能,使学生可以直观地观察人工智能系统的行为,对人工智能的算法进行评估。     

机器视觉实验平台建设与教学实践

针对人工智能专业系统能力的特点和要求,分析人工智能实验教学面临的问题,以湖北工业大学教学为例,构建基于云端边架构的机器视觉实验平台.以此平台为基础,阐述机器视觉综合实验的教学内容及设计,将实验平台建设内容和机器视觉实验教学案例相结合,提供一种人工智能视觉实践教学的方法和思路.     

“能力风暴”个人机器人大学版（AS-U）

能力风暴个人机器人融合了造型设计、机械、电机、电池、电子、计算机、软件等众多先进技术,并拥有开放式的开发工具,应用面十分广泛。 （1）综合实验平台 电子、单片计算机、机电一体化、C语言、人工智能、数字控制、传感器、数字信息处理等大学课程中进行诸多综合实验的优秀平台。 （2）研究与开发平台 本科生毕业设计,研究生课题研究的平台,如模糊控制,神经网络控制,大气检测,智能设备、家用智能电器等机器人设计研究。 （3）开设能力培养课程 没有比设计制造机器人参加比赛更能全面锻炼学生能力的方法了。 （4）参加机器人比赛的优秀平台。     

能力风暴个人机器人大学版(AS-U)

能力风暴个人机器人融合了造型设计、机械、电机、电子、计算机、软件等众多先进技术 ,并拥有开放式的开发工具 ,应用面十分广泛。(１)综合实验平台电子、单片计算机、机电一体化、Ｃ语言、人工智能、数字控制、传感器、数字信息处理等大学课程中进行诸多综合实验的优秀平台 。(２)研究与开发平台本科生毕业设计 ,研究生课程研究的平台 ,如模糊控制、神经网络控制、大气检测、智能设备、家用智能电器等机器人设计研究。(３)开设能力培养课程没有比设计制造机器人参加比赛更能全面锻炼学生能力的方法了。(４)参加机器人比赛的优秀平台外形 :…     

能力风暴个人机器人大学版（AS-U）

能力风暴个人机器人融合了造型设计、机械、电机、电池、电子、计算机、软件等众多先进技术，并拥有开放式的开发工具，应用面十分广泛。 （１）综合实验平台 电子、单片计算机、机电一体化、Ｃ语言、人工智能、数字控制、传感器、数字信息处理等大学课程中进行诸多综合实验的优秀平台。 （２）研究与开发平台 本科生毕业设计，研究生课题研究的平台，如模糊控制，神经网络控制，大气检测，智能设备、家用智能电器等机器人设计研究。（３）开设能力培养课程没有比设计制造机器人参加比赛更能全面锻炼学生能力的方法了。（４）参加机器人比赛…     

基于物联网的人工智能图像检测系统设计与实现

物联网络的建立促使人工智能领域取得飞跃性进展。传统图像检测方法利用小波能算法进行背景与边缘噪声划分方式进行图像检测,存在低分辨率图像检测精度低、检测速度慢、缺乏图像深度分析等一系列问题。物联网人工智能发展迅速的环境下,提出基于物联网的人工智能图像检测系统设计。采用智能人工像素点特征采集技术(IAPCCT),对图像进行逐点特征提取,运用物联网丰富数据量资源与处理运算能力对采集图像像素点进行特征分析回馈,回馈信号经人工智能信号图像合成模块(AISIS),对信号做图像转换处理并输出分析结果完成图像检测。通过仿真实验测试证明,基于物联网的人工智能图像检测系统设计具有图像检测率高、识别准确度高、运行稳定、处理高效等优点。     

通信原理实验教学中的仿真软件应用

围绕现有的通信原理实验教学情况及实训平台的不足,提出了基于Matlab/Simulink、SystemView、LabVIEW及ModelSim四种仿真软件的实验体系,依据软件各自的特点给出应用范围,并以各仿真软件的经典实例进行列举说明。仿真软件的高度灵活性弥补了实训平台的缺陷,提高了实验的设计性和趣味性,极大地丰富了实验项目。结果表明,开设的通信仿真实验教学效果良好,学生学习积极性高,具有很好的推广和借鉴价值。     

面向学生能力培养的人工智能课程多元实践教学体系

分析人工智能课程的跨学科特点和课程实践教学的实际需求,以学生能力培养为目标,介绍人工智能导论课程开展多元实践教学体系改革和探索的过程,通过依托知名企业的人工智能创新实践平台和校企协同育人项目,构建基于头歌的课程实训平台、基于华为智能基座的实践教学平台、百度飞桨AI Studio平台和智能驾驶虚拟仿真实验等多元实践教学体系,说明取得的教学效果.     

实时运动目标检测与跟踪平台的构建*

构建了一个基于图像采集卡的复杂环境下实时运动目标检测与跟踪的实验平台。基于此平台提出并实现了一种改进的运动目标检测算法,它融合了帧间差分法和背景差分法的优点,以适应复杂环境的变化。实验表明,该算法利用所构建的平台,对变化场景中的运动目标实施了快速有效的检测与跟踪,为智能视频技术的研究提供了一个实用的实验平台。     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.     

Editorial: Special issue on recent advances in hybrid control theory and applications

正The demands of a rapidly advancing technology for faster and more accurate controllers have always had a strong influence on the progress of automatic control theory.In recent years control problems have been arising with increasing frequency in widely different areas,which cannot be addressed using conventional control techniques.The principal reason for this is the fact that a highly competitive economy is forcing systems to operate in regimes where     

Information for Authors

正Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)areedited by the international board of distinguished Chinese andforeign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest devel-opments and achievements in scientific research in China andoverseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulateand promote academic exchange between Chinese and for-eign scientists everywhere.     

Enhancing a leaf radiative transfer model to estimate concentrations and in vivo specific absorption coefficients of total carotenoids and chlorophylls a and b from single-needle reflectance and transmittance

The relative concentrations of different pigments within a leaf have significant physiological and spectral consequences. Photosynthesis, light use efficiency, mass and energy exchange, and stress response are dependent on relationships among an ensemble of pigments. This ensemble also determines the visible characteristics of a leaf, which can be measured remotely and used to quantify leaf biochemistry and structure. But current remote sensing approaches are limited in their ability to resolve individual pigments. This paper focuses on the incorporation of three pigments—chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total carotenoids—into the LIBERTY leaf radiative transfer model to better understand relationships between leaf biochemical, biophysical, and spectral properties.Pinus ponderosa and Pinus jeffreyi needles were collected from three sites in the California Sierra Nevada. Hemispheric single-leaf visible reflectance and transmittance and concentrations of chlorophylls a and b and total carotenoids of fresh needles were measured. These data were input to the enhanced LIBERTY model to estimate optical and biochemical properties of pine needles. The enhanced model successfully estimated reflectance (RMSE = 0.0255, BIAS = 0.00477, RMS%E = 16.7%), had variable success estimating transmittance (RMSE = 0.0442, BIAS = 0.0294, RMS%E = 181%), and generated very good estimates of carotenoid concentrations (RMSE = 2.48 µg/cm², BIAS = 0.143 µg/cm², RMS%E = 20.4%), good estimates of chlorophyll a concentrations (RMSE = 10.7 µg/cm², BIAS = − 0.992 µg/cm², RMS%E = 21.1%), and fair estimates of chlorophyll b concentrations (RMSE = 7.49 µg/cm², BIAS = − 2.12 µg/cm², RMS%E = 43.7%). Overall root mean squared errors of reflectance, transmittance, and pigment concentration estimates were lower for the three-pigment model than for the single-pigment model. The algorithm to estimate three in vivo specific absorption coefficients is robust, although estimated values are distorted by inconsistencies in model biophysics. The capacity to invert the model from single-leaf reflectance and transmittance was added to the model so it could be coupled with vegetation canopy models to estimate canopy biochemistry from remotely sensed data.     

Mr. Twinn’s bombes

This article discusses the history and design of the special versions of the bombe key-finding machines used by Britain’s Government Code & Cypher School (GC&CS) during World War II to attack the Enigma traffic of the Abwehr (the German military intelligence service). These special bombes were based on the design of their more numerous counterparts used against the traffic of the German armed services, but differed from them in important ways that highlight the adaptability of the British bombe design, and the power and flexibility of the diagonal board. Also discussed are the changes in the Abwehr indicating system that drove the development of these machines, the ingenious ways in which they were used, and some related developments involving the bombes used by the U.S. Navy’s cryptanalytic unit (OP-20-G).