富氧燃烧火焰特性试验研究

利用自行设计的鼓风式燃烧器、火焰测量装置及富氧供气装置组成燃烧试验台,研究燃烧器以液化石油气为燃料,空气中氧体积分数在21％～30％时,富氧燃烧火焰的温度场、长度和锥角等火焰特性的变化情况。随着空气中氧体积分数的增加,火焰长度逐渐变短,火焰出口锥角逐渐增大,火焰温度梯度逐渐变大,燃烧强度逐渐增强。应用燃烧学理论证明了试验结果的正确性。     

掺混比对混煤燃烧特性的影响实验研究

采用热重分析仪,对3种单煤以及不同掺混比(质量比)下两两掺混的混煤进行了热重分析实验。根据实验结果,对不同掺混比混煤的着火温度、可燃特性、稳燃特性、燃尽特性及综合燃烧特性等进行了探讨。按一定比例掺混,可有效改善燃煤的燃烧特性。     

Experimental Study on Fire Plume Characteristics in a Subway Carriage with Doors

Fire Technology - The widespread use of subway system provides convenience for the fast transportation in the cities, but the subway fire accident has the risk of causing serious consequence....     

四面受火木柱耐火性能试验研究

木柱是西南民居的主要受力构件,其性能直接决定了西南民居的安全.为了对受火后木柱剩余承载力进行研究,以黔东南本地生长的杉木和松木为原材料,制作了 一批短木柱,对其进行轴心压缩试验.通过对不同温度后木柱压缩性能进行试验,分析了加温温度、防火涂料对碳化速度、压缩曲线、剩余极限强度的影响.试验表明,木柱碳化速度随着温度的增加而...     

Experimental Study of Fire Ventilation During Fire Fighting Operations

Fire ventilation measures taken by fire & rescue services, including positive pressure ventilation, were investigated. Fifteen tests were performed in a three-room apartment, with an attached staircase, on the first floor of a training facility. The fire source was a 0.5 m diameter pool of heptane. The temperature and pressure in the apartment, the weight of the fire source, and the flow through openings were recorded continuously. The tests showed that the rate of burning was increased by positive pressure ventilation. Also, positive pressure ventilation increases the temperature in rooms on the leeward side of the fire and reduces temperatures in rooms on the windward side of the fire. Safety and working conditions for fire fighters are improved by positive pressure ventilation, but it jeopardises the lives of anyone that might be trapped. The importance of command and control during fire fighting operations is prominent.     

Experimental Study on Flame Wander of Fire Whirl

In this paper, the flame wander of fire whirl is investigated by experimental means. Small-scale fire whirls were produced by two split cylinders, and the data of vertical velocity measured by stereo particle image velocimetry are analyzed to track the flame displacement along the horizontal direction. Medium-scale fire whirls were produced by a fixed wall facility, in which a video camera was used to monitor the flame position along the horizontal direction, thereby the flame displacements are determined by image analyses. It is found that during each test the flame displacements at different heights vary synchronously, suggesting that the flame is wandering as a whole. The flame displacements at different heights involve different variation ranges. By using the flame displacement data, the appearance probabilities of flame along the horizontal direction are calculated for small- and medium-scale fire whirls. The results show that the probabilities follow the Gaussian distribution, suggesting that a fire whirl almost always wanders at the very vicinity of the pool center. Finally, it is verified that the frequency of flame wander linearly depends on the circulation of fire whirl, while the correlation formulations differ between small-scale and medium-scale fire whirls.     

金属纤维燃烧器的燃烧特性研究

介绍了金属纤维燃烧器的特点及工作原理.通过实验分析了金属纤维燃烧器在敞开空间和燃烧室内的燃烧特性和氮氧化物、一氧化碳的排放.     

高速气体燃烧器富氧燃烧的试验研究

介绍了高速气体燃烧器的结构,进行了常规燃烧、富氧燃烧试验。常规燃烧工况,空气中氧气体积分数为20.9%;富氧燃烧工况,富氧空气中氧气体积分数为22%～28%。随着氧气体积分数的增大,火焰长度缩短,中心线上火焰温度峰值逐渐升高,出现位置向混合管出口偏移,烟气中氮氧化物质量浓度随之增大。     

重质油品燃烧热波传播特性研究

本文分析了重质油品燃烧热量在液层中的传播特点，讨论了热波传播速率及其影响因素，为预测和评价重质油品燃烧的沸溢喷溅提代一定的理论基础。     

钢结构节点火灾下的升温试验研究与理论分析

主要研究钢结构节点在火灾下的升温情况及有限元温度分析,利用自行设计和制作的试验炉,对钢结构节点的升温过程进行了试验研究,得出了火灾下钢结构的升温曲线,给出了计算节点升温的经验公式,并对火灾下的钢结构节点的温度进行了理论分析,理论分析结果和试验结果比较吻合.说明了理论分析的可行性和可靠性,进而论述了火灾下钢结构升温的一般规律,为节点的抗火设计和防火涂料的设计提供理论依据.     

化学植筋构件耐火极限试验研究

为了研究化学植筋构件的耐火极限,进行了6个化学植筋连接构件在ISO834标准升温曲线下的耐火极限试验.本次试验中考虑植筋深度(15 d、20 d)和保护层厚度(25 mm、40 mm和60 mm)两种影响因素.试验中施加的荷载约为常温下化学植筋构件设计承载力的80％,且在试验过程中荷载保持恒定不变.试验中,记录钢筋温度、植筋胶温度和构件受火时间.试验结果表明:当保护厚度小于40 mm时,植筋深度和保护层厚度对耐火极限均有重要影响;当保护层厚度大于40 mm时,植筋深度对耐火极限的影响大于保护层厚度对耐火极限的影响.     

Experimental Study on Fire Behaviors of Kerosene/Additive Blends

The widely used fuels in practical are blended fuel whose combustion characteristics is more complex than those of the single-component fuel in real fire scenarios. The fire behaviors of aviation kerosene/diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (DGM) blends (R-D) and aviation kerosene/ethanol (R-E) blends were studied using a cone calorimeter. The parameters of pool fires, including the ignition time, burning rate, fuel temperature, heat release rate and combustion yield, were investigated. Janssens’ method was adopted to analyze the ignition times of the two blends. Two types of representative burning processes for blended fuel pool fires were identified. For R-D blends, the burning process is similar to that for typical pure fuels. The process for R-E blends, however, is novel, having two obvious burning processes due to the appearance of an intermediate decay stage. The fuel exhaust mass fraction (approximately 15%) was found to be almost constant throughout the intermediate decay stage. The fuel temperature during the experiment indicated that the liquid surface boiling temperature of R-D blends ranges from 162°C to 200°C depending upon the composition of these blends. For R-E blends, the initial boiling temperature is affected by the ethanol ratio, while the boiling temperature in the second process is equal to the boiling temperature of pure RP-3 kerosene. When the ethanol ratio is lower than 40%, the initial boiling temperature of R-E blends is approximately 120°C; when the ethanol ratio is higher than 40%, the boiling temperature is equal to the boiling point of ethanol. A method for calculating the burning rate of each component in the burning processes of the two blends is put forward, with the results agreeing well with the interpretation of the two burning processes. The ratio of the combustion yield CO₂/CO and the carbon conversion ratio increase with the oxygenated fuel ratio, indicating that the combustion is more complete when oxygenated fuel is added. These results will be useful for fire hazard assessment and firefighting in terms of fuel storage and transportation.     

地下商业街火灾烟气成分试验研究

本文通过模拟火灾试验及实体火 灾试验,分析并讨论了地下商业街火灾烟气主要成分CO2、CO、O2的变化规律及毒性危害。     

多孔陶瓷板催化燃烧炉窑特性研究

基于催化堇青石蜂窝陶瓷板研制完全预混循环水冷燃烧器,应用于天然气催化燃烧炉窑系统。在炉门开启工况下,研究炉窑的一次点火升温曲线、陶瓷板表面温度分布及过剩空气系数对炉窑污染物排放的影响。在炉门关闭工况下,研究输入功率对炉窑污染物排放、辐射热流量、辐射效率的影响。燃烧器的一次点火升温经历气相燃烧—火焰吸附—缓慢升温—稳定燃烧4个阶段,通过选用适当热导率的多孔介质可以缩短燃烧器的点火升温时间。炉门开启阶段,随过剩空气系数增加,燃烧器壁面垂直温度梯度逐渐减小,催化陶瓷板表面平均温度先增后减,当过剩空气系数为2.0时,垂直温度梯度为0.3 K/cm,表面平均温度达到最大值973 K。炉门开启阶段,CO、NO_x体积分数随过剩空气系数增加而增大,当过剩空气系数为2.1时,CO、NO_x的最大体积分数分别为10×10^-6和14×10^-6,CH₄体积分数始终为0。炉门关闭阶段,随着炉窑输入功率增加,CO、NO_x、CH₄体积分数逐渐降低,最大体积分数分别为...     

简支组合楼板的火灾试验研究

本文对3块压型钢板-混凝土简支组合楼板进行了恒载条件下的火灾试验研究。对组合楼板的抗火性能与火灾行为进行了研究,考虑了组合楼板的跨度与抗剪连接件对简支组合楼板耐火极限的影响。试验结果表明:简支组合楼板的抗火性能较差,3块板的耐火极限均在30min左右;板的跨度对耐火极限的影响很大,而抗剪件的影响相对较小。     

地下商业街火灾烟气流速的试验研究

本文介绍了以实体火灾试验的方式研究地下商业街中不同防、排烟条件下火灾烟气的流动情况,及不同防、排烟条件下的火 灾试验结果的比较。