影响南沙及其邻近海区的越赤道气流

本文综合分析了,有利于南半球气流越过赤道的天气形势;气流越过赤道后影响南沙及其邻近海区的基本规律;南半球气流与南海及其邻近海区的热带天气系统相互作用的基本特征;受越赤道气流直接影响下,南沙及其邻近海区的环流形势、天气、气候、水文气象特征变化明显。     

夏季影响105°E越赤道气流变化的环流系统

105°E越赤道气流的发展变化与南北半球的大气环流系统发展变化有关,但这些环流系统并非同时起同样重要的作用。作者利用候平均Outgoing Longwave Radiation (简称OLR)资料与850hPa风场资料(1979～1986年)对热带东印度洋—西太平洋海域与(夏季)越赤道气流有关的环流系统做相关分析和越赤道气流偏强类合成分析。结果表明,夏季海洋大陆赤道缓冲区的对流上升运动(90°E～120°E,5°N～5°S)、澳州大陆冷性高压(10°S～30°S,120°E～155°E)的发展,都影响2～3候以后105°E夏季越赤道气流;澳洲大陆北部的冷性高压,西太平洋副热带高压西端位置西伸或东缩造成的东中国海季风区上升运动的变化,又是南北半球环流同时影响CEF变化的具体表现。南半球澳洲冷性高压北部(10°S～25°S,120°E～170°E)的辐散下沉气流对CEF加强起决定作用。     

秋、冬季赤道西太平洋海面气象特征初析

本文分析1985,1986,1987三年的部分时间的赤道西太平洋考察资料,结果表明,厄尔尼诺影响下气象特征变化明显;气象特征较邻近热带和赤道海域典型;温度的水平分布呈东高西低,北高南低;气象要素平均日变化和随季节变化特征显著。     

冬、夏季印度洋越赤道经向翻转环流的年际变化

利用50 a的SODA资料对1月(冬季)和7月(夏季)印度洋越赤道经向翻转环流的年际变化进行研究。通过对2类典型年份的合成分析指出:1月份正异常年对应的经向翻转环流偏强,向北的经向热输送增加;7月份正异常年对应的经向翻转环流则偏弱,向南的经向热输送减少;1月份和7月份的负异常年皆与其正异常年相反;越赤道经向翻转环流有明显的年际变化,平均周期在4 a左右;经向翻转环流的年际变化和海面风场的变化密切相关。提出了反映1月和7月此环流年际变化的几个指数。     

西太平洋越赤道气流的初步研究

本文通过对1979年资料的分析,初步确定东经105°附近的赤道地区是西太平洋上一条最显著的低空越赤道气流通道,并对东经105°低空越赤道气流的结构和强度动等问题进行了讨论.     

热带西太平洋低层大气的多逆温层特征

本文主要利用1986年1—2月,“中美热带西太平洋海-气合作研究”第一航次联合考察期间所获得的水文、气象资料,分析了调查海区对流层大气的温度、湿度的垂直结构,揭示了热带西太平洋对流层低层大气的多逆温层现象,并指出这些薄而弱的逆温层主要是靠大尺度的下沉增温效应形成与维持的。     

The concentration and distribution of dimethyl sulfide in the marine atmospheric boundary layer near the equator

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Preliminary Analysis of Seismic Risk in Taiwan Strait and Study on Feasibility of Construction of Tunnel Across the Strait

The collision between Eurasian and Pacific plates along the eastern margin of the Asian continent resulted in formation of a series of island-arcs, one of which is the Taiwan Island-arc, and the Taiwan Straits is a foreland basin in the continent-arc collision zone. The Quaternary fine-grained sediments occur evenly in the upper part of the basin, and the Pliocene deposits in the lower part. The stepped faults run in the deposits, indicating that the tectonic movement tended to weaken after the Pliocene. Strong seismic zones of Taiwan Island released large amount of plate overthrust-collision compressive stress and have their screen and prevention roles for the straits. Only the intersections between offshore NW-trending transform-like faults and seashore NE-trending faults on the southern and northern terminations of the Island are prone to strong earthquakes. The possibility of occurrence of M?≥?6 earthquake should be very low in the area for the planned future tunnel. Moreover, the seismic intensity is rapidly attenuated from the surface downward. Thus, the seismic intensity for the tunnel under the seabed will be much lower. In seismotectonic view, the construction of tunnel is feasible.     

Preliminary Analysis of Seismic Risk in Taiwan Strait and Study on Feasibility of Construction of Tunnel Across the Strait

The collision between Eurasian and Pacific plates along the eastern margin of the Asian continent resulted in formation of a series of island-arcs, one of which is the Taiwan Island-arc, and the Taiwan Straits is a foreland basin in the continent-arc collision zone. The Quaternary fine-grained sediments occur evenly in the upper part of the basin, and the Pliocene deposits in the lower part. The stepped faults run in the deposits, indicating that the tectonic movement tended to weaken after the Pliocene. Strong seismic zones of Taiwan Island released large amount of plate overthrust-collision compressive stress and have their screen and prevention roles for the straits. Only the intersections between offshore NW-trending transform-like faults and seashore NE-trending faults on the southern and northern terminations of the Island are prone to strong earthquakes. The possibility of occurrence of M ≥ 6 earthquake should be very low in the area for the planned future tunnel. Moreover, the seismic intensity is rapidly attenuated from the surface downward. Thus, the seismic intensity for the tunnel under the seabed will be much lower. In seismotectonic view, the construction of tunnel is feasible.     

声学多普勒流速剖面仪原理及其在长江中下游的应用

介绍了声学多普勒流速剖面仪(ADP)的原理及2002年5-6月在长江中下游的应用。测量采用走航方式,获得了重庆至江阴水域和徐六泾段流速剖面大范围观测资料,对测量结果和数据处理方法做了探讨,给在复杂地形的水文条件下使用ADP技术提供了应用前景。     

鲁海丰海洋牧场流场特征分析

根据海底有缆观测系统连续观测得到的3个半月的海水流矢量资料,利用功率谱分析、调和分析、旋转谱分析和相关分析等方法研究了鲁海丰海洋牧场海域海流的时间变化规律和空间结构特征。主要结论如下:在整个水体厚度上,西北向流占优,呈现出向岸流的特点,且由表及底,西向流减弱,北向流增强;潮流类型为正规半日潮,M2分潮流为主,各层主要分潮流均表现为以逆时针方向旋转为主的往复运动,总体上观测点的日周期波动只由全日潮流引起,不受当地惯性流影响。此外观测点处的流还表现出更高频的波动周期;鲁海丰海洋牧场的表层余流主要由海面风场驱动,同时也受到山东半岛沿岸流的影响。     

Research on Characteristics of Density Current Under the Action of Waves

In this paper,the characteristics of density current under the action of waves are describedwith the help of flume experiment and theoretical analysis.The study shows that turbid water under the ac-tion of the waves can present three types of motion,i.e.significant stratification,fragile stratification andstrong mixing.The motion of turbid water presents significant stratification when(H/D)/△ρ/ρ~(1/2)≤4.5,generally this state is known as density current.The formulas of motionvelocity,thickness,and discharge of density current moving on horizontal bottom are derived by use of ba-sic equations such as momemtum equation,equation of energy conservation and continuity equation offluid.The time-average velocity and the thickness of density current under the action of waves have a rela-tionship with such parameters as relative density(△ρ/ρ),wave height(H),and water depth(D).Whenthese parameters are determined,the time-average thickness and motion velocity of density current are al-so determined.The relat     

长江下游"三沙"航道整治工程表面流速流向观测

简要介绍了长江下游“三沙”航道整治工程中为了掌握双锏沙横流和如皋沙中汊在刘海沙水道的汇流情况,在福姜沙左汊道→双锏沙→浏海沙水道间进行了表面流速流向观测,并对测量成果和航迹线图进行了初步分析,从而为保持双锏沙的稳定、保证如皋沙群水道的长久贯通提出了一些工程措施。     

长江口邻近海域余流的基本特征分析

根据2005年7月、2005年11月和2006年5月在长江口及其邻近海域进行的大范围水文调查资料,深入分析该海域余流的平面分布,垂直变化,大、小潮变化,季节变化等特征。结果表明,所测区域影响余流的因素很多,有底形、斜压、径流量、风应力、底摩擦、台湾暖流、浙江沿岸流、江苏沿岸流以及各因素间的相互作用。     

渤海的平均余环流

利用72个渤海石油平台、站点测流资料,阐明了渤海的平均余环流特征,并用已有的数值计算结果阐明了其形成机制。观测表明在黄河三角洲近海存在一支北-东北向的流动,可抵达秦皇岛附近水域,数值计算表明该支流动主要是潮生的;在辽东湾北部存在一顺时针向的涡旋运动,在冬半年该涡旋是风生的;在渤海湾北部存在潮生的逆时针向的余环流。