广西气刀土原料分散性能研究及在卫生陶瓷釉料中的应用

广西气刀土原料粒径微细，颗粒组成处于微米一亚微米级范围。在釉料中引入4％的气刀土原料，提高了卫生陶瓷产品白度，增强了热稳定性能。     

广西气刀土高分散性能对卫生陶瓷性能的影响

用美国LS230激光粒度分析仪测定了气刀土原料的颗粒组成，其分散后的颗粒组成处于微米一亚微米级范围，数量分布统计数据为≤1．0μm粒级达97％以上。平均颗粒仅0．255μm，具有高分散性能；在坯料中加入4％～7％的广西气刀土原料替代等量的苏州土原料，使制品体积密度增加、气孔率和吸水率降低。分析原因是气刀土的高分散性能促进了坯体的固相烧结所致。     

低温快烧高档卫生陶瓷的研制

在坯料中加入 31%的硫铁矿尾矿和玻璃尾矿 ,利用多碱效应促进坯料的液相烧结 ;控制坯料细度 2 - 3%(35 0目筛余 ) ,采取釉料二次研磨技术 ,促进坯、釉固相烧结 ;在最高烧成温度 1175℃ ,烧成周期 14 - 16小时条件下 ,产品吸水率 <0 .5 %。在釉料中加入 12 %的锆英粉、4 %的烧氧化锌 ,弥补了尾矿引入铁、钛的负面影响 ,釉面白度达到 80 % ;瓷粉的引入促进了坯釉的结合。合理利用了低质原料资源 ,降低了产品成本。研制出了低温快烧高档卫生陶瓷。     

读者信箱

问:为了提高建筑卫生陶瓷产品的品质与釉面质量,经常在釉料中引入各种釉料添加剂,请详细介绍一下釉料添加剂的种类及其特性?答:为了提高建筑卫生陶瓷产品的品质与釉面质量,在釉料中引入各种添加剂,已成为目前国内外陶瓷企业一种普遍的现象。釉料在建筑卫生陶瓷产品中发挥着非常重要的作用。目前,釉料添加剂已经形成品种丰富多样的辅助原料产品体系,已成为陶瓷工业新材料发展中必不可少的材料。     

用国产原料研制高档卫生陶瓷白釉

用国产原料替代进口原料，用化工原料替代天然原料，改变传统釉料配方中各种原料的加入量，研制生产高档卫生陶瓷白釉的方法，为提高卫生陶瓷产品釉面提供了研制的途径。     

读者信箱

问：为了提高建筑卫生陶瓷产品的品质与釉面质量。经常在釉料中引入各种釉料添加剂。请详细介绍一下釉料添加剂的种类及其特性？     

一种高质量卫生陶瓷乳浊釉的研制

采用常见的陶瓷原料,通过合理的釉料配方设计及调整,研制出了一种较高釉面质量的卫生陶瓷用乳浊釉,并探讨了配方中主要的原料对釉料的影响,为后续卫生陶瓷企业在提高产品的釉面质量方面提供了借鉴和帮助。     

读者信箱

问 :快速烧成对卫生陶瓷坯、釉料有哪些要求 ?答 :1　坯料1)采用适应快速烧成的坯用新原料 ,如硅灰石、叶腊石等 ,减少坯体的干燥收缩和烧成收缩 ,总收缩率 <11% ,以减少制品烧成过程的裂纹。2 )减少坯料游离石英含量 ,调整坯料膨胀系数 ,防止快烧急冷过程产品的炸裂。3)采用压     

卫生陶瓷低温烧成工艺研究

通过优化坯料配方和选用合适的原料,在保证产品吸水率小于0.5%的前提下,成功地将卫生陶瓷的烧成温度由1 240℃降低到1 200℃左右;通过在釉料中引入钠长石和超细硅酸锆等原料,经多次配方优化调整,成功研发出烧成温度在1 190~1 210℃卫生陶瓷中温釉。研究结果表明,卫生陶瓷采用低温烧成工艺,产品的各项性能指标均未下降,部分指标还略有提高,窑炉能耗降低5%以上,综合经济效益显著。     

高档骨色卫生瓷的研制

研究了泥料和釉料配方及加工工艺 ,论述了降低卫生瓷吸水率的方法 ;在坯料中引入碳酸盐、增加泥浆的细度 ,制定合理的窑炉热工制度等 ,可以显著降低产品吸水率。论述了利用国产天然原料、化工原料 ,制定出合理的釉料配方 ,可以提高釉面质量 ,进而达到生产出高档卫生瓷产品的目的。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.