双抗体间接夹心ELISA法检测乳腺癌患者外周血MUC1蛋白水平的评价

目的优化双抗体间接夹心ELISA试剂盒,并探讨其在乳腺癌患者中检测MUC1黏蛋白水平的应用价值。方法用基因重组MUC1-GST和MUC1-MBP融和蛋白免疫家兔和大鼠,获得抗MUC1血清,并对其纯化,获得纯化的家兔抗人及大鼠抗人MUC1多克隆抗体;经不同的筛选确立了以家兔抗人MUC1抗体作为包被抗体、大鼠抗人MUC1抗体作为检测抗体的双抗体间接夹心试剂盒,敏感度可达到0.2 ng/ml。结果应用建立的试剂盒对40例乳腺癌,18例乳腺良性疾病和120健康对照者血清中MUC1蛋白水平的进行检测,检测结果绘制ROC曲线,分析得出以2.75 ng/ml为乳腺癌患者与乳腺良性疾病患者的临界值,以1.86 ng/ml为乳腺疾病与正常人为临界值,检测结果表明本研究对乳腺癌诊断的阳性率高达97.5%,乳腺良性疾病的阳性率为66.7%,正常人特异性为96.7%。对于乳腺癌同一病例样本用酶联免疫法CA15-3诊断试剂盒进行对比检测,其检出率为3.33%,特异度为100%。绘制ROC曲线对比显示,本研究所建立的双抗体夹心ELISA方法对乳腺癌诊断的准确度明显高于CA15-3试剂盒。结论本研究成功建立了特异性强,灵敏度良好的双抗体间接夹心ELISA试剂盒,有望开发为临床辅助诊断的常规试剂盒,尤其有望应用于乳腺癌的大规模筛查及早期诊断。     

FITC与抗-FITC系统检测促黄体生成素的应用评价

目的 使用抗-异硫氰酸荧光素(FITC)固相包被板建立促黄体生成素(LH)的酶联免疫(ELISA)检测方法.方法用FITC及辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)分别标记两株抗-LH单克隆抗体,建立一步检测LH的ELISA检测方法,并与经典的双抗体夹心法进行了方法学对比评价.结果 FITC与抗-FITC系统检测LH,在2~50mIU/mL的校准曲线范围内相关系数0.9968,分析内精密度为7.6%,分析间精密度为7.02%,热稳定性下降18.5%,与双抗体夹心法相当,空白检测限为0.15mIU/mL,优于双抗体夹心法,钩状效应(HOOK效应)比双抗体夹心法差.与贝克曼检测结果回归方程Y=0.970X+0.614,相关系数r=0.975.结论 成功建立基于FITC与抗-FITC系统的ELISA检测方法,与双抗体夹心法相比,两种方法均能满足临床检测的需要.     

丙型肝炎患者血清HSP70水平的检测及HSP70-HCV肽诱导CTL作用

目的 :检测丙型肝炎患者及正常人血清中HSP70的水平 ,探讨HSP70 HCV肽体外诱导特异性CTL的作用。方法 :先用ELISA法筛选出丙型肝炎患者及正常人血清 ,再用双夹心ELISA法检测血清HSP70 ,并分析抗HCV抗体和HSP70之间的关系。用HSP70 HCV肽激活外周血单个核细胞后 ,通过51Cr释放试验测定CTL的杀伤活性。结果 :76份血清 (抗HCV抗体阳性 2 8例 ,正常人血清 4 8例 )中 ,抗HCV抗体阳性患者HSP70的检出率为 82 .1% ,正常人血清中HSP70的检出率为18.8%。HSP70的检出率与HCV感染呈显著相关 ( χ2 =2 8.77,P <0 .0 1)。HCV感染者血清HSP70的含量显著高于正常人。HSP70与HCVC区肽 (DLMGYIPAV)的混合物 ,可诱导 1例患者的CTL对自体HCV肽致敏靶细胞的杀伤率达 37.8% ,而用HCV肽单独作用则不显著。结论 :HCV感染可刺激机体过表达HSP70 ,同时HSP70可能有增强HCV表位肽递呈促进CTL特异性杀伤HCV感染细胞的作用     

Pfs25蛋白单克隆抗体的制备及双抗体夹心ELISA的建立

目的:制备恶性疟原虫子孢子囊表面膜蛋白Pfs25的单克隆抗体( mAb),建立检测Pfs25蛋白的双抗体夹心ELISA方法.方法:纯化毕赤酵母表达的重组Pfs25蛋白,并免疫BALB/c小鼠,采用骨髓瘤细胞Sp2/0与免疫BALB/c鼠脾细胞杂交的细胞融合技术,通过间接ELISA检测获得分泌抗Pfs25抗体的阳性杂交瘤细胞株,通过免疫F1鼠诱生腹水,纯化腹水,并进行mAb的各项生物学鉴定.辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)标记纯化后的抗体,以4B7为包被抗体,1B4为酶标抗体,建立了双抗体夹心ELISA法.结果:获得3株抗Pfs25的杂交瘤细胞株,其中2株有良好的稳定性和特异性.并建立了双抗体夹心ELISA检测法,检测有效范围在0.07～1 mg/mL,其检测灵敏度为41.6 ng/mL.结论:成功制备抗Pfs25蛋白的单克隆抗体,并建立了一种可用于Pfs25蛋白检测的双抗体夹心ELISA法,为Pfs25蛋白制备传播阻断型疟疾疫苗奠定了基础.     

TTV酶联免疫方法的建立及其初步应用

目的 建立检测TTV的酶免疫技术,了解不同型肝炎患者血清中抗－TTV抗体的分布情况,并结合TTV DNA的检测分析两者的关系。方法 以原核表达的TTV ORF1蛋白为抗原建立检测抗－TTV的酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）方法,采用该方法检测不同肝炎患者中抗－TTV抗体;在套式聚合酶链反应（PCR）方法检测血清标本中TTV DNA。结果 所建立的检测TTV的ELISA方法具有较好的特异性,不同别肝炎患者中抗－TTV抗体阳性率分别为：甲型肝炎患者10.5%（4／38）,乙型肝炎患者12.5%（16／128）,丙型肝炎患者8.3%(7/84),丁型肝炎患者7.7%(30/93),健康人群1.3%(1/78)。统计学分析表明,非甲－庚型肝炎患者抗－TTV阳性率显著高于其他型肝炎患者（P＜0.01）,而正常人群则显著低于肝炎患者（P＜0.05）。抗－TTV阳性率与TTV DNA阳性率存在相关性（P＜0.05）。结论 在不同型肝炎患者中均可检出抗-TTV抗体,但以非甲－庚型肝炎患者阳性率高;TTV抗体可与基因同时存在于患者血清中,抗－TTV抗体可能类似抗－HCV, 是一传染性标志。     

检测可溶性TREM-1的ELISA法的建立及初步应用

目的:建立定量检测可溶性TREM-1的抗体夹心ELISA法。方法:采用抗人TREM-1单克隆抗体(mAb)包被酶标板,以兔抗鼠TREM-1多克隆抗体为夹心抗体、HRP标记羊抗兔IgG为检测抗体、重组小鼠可溶性TREM-1为标准品,建立检测可溶性TREM-1的ELISA法,并对30例正常人和30例急性肺部感染患者血清样本进行了检测。结果:建立的夹心ELISA法检测TREM-1的线性范围为0.78～200μg/L,批内、批间变异系数分别为6.52%和9.46%。30例正常人和30例血清急性肺部感染患者TREM-1的含量分别为(0.69±0.18)μg/L和(1.16±0.42)μg/L,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:成功建立了一种灵敏度高、稳定性好的检测可溶性TREM-1的抗体夹心ELISA法。     

重组人碱性成纤细胞生长因子单克隆抗体的制备、鉴定及初步应用

目的制备重组人碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor,rhbFGF)单克隆抗体,鉴定其特性,建立双抗体夹心ELISA检测方法。方法以rhbFGF为免疫原,免疫Balb/c小鼠,通过细胞融合技术建立能稳定分泌抗rhbFGF杂交瘤细胞株,制备抗rhbFGF单克隆抗体,采用Ig亚类ELISA试剂盒鉴定抗体亚类,间接ELISA法检测抗体效,Western blot鉴定抗体特异性。HRP标记McAb并建立夹心ELISA检测方法。结果获得2株(分别命名2D3、5F7)可分泌特异性McAb的强阳性细胞株,腹水抗体效价在10-5以上,IgG亚类均为IgG1,轻链为K链。Western blot证明2株McAb特异性良好,双抗体夹心ELISA检测rhbFGF最低检测限达到2 ng/ml。结论成功制备高效价的抗rhbFGF单克隆抗体,建立抗rhbFGF双抗体夹心ELISA定量检测方法。     

用于定量ELISA方法的抗人β2微球蛋白单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

目的制备抗人β2微球蛋白(β2-microglobulin,β2-MG)特异性单克隆抗体并建立其双抗体夹心定量ELISA免疫检测方法。方法以高纯度的人β2-MG作为免疫原,采用常规免疫和脾内免疫相结合的方法免疫纯系Balb/c小鼠,通过杂交瘤技术制备抗人β2-MG单克隆抗体并鉴定,以此为基础建立双抗体夹心ELISA检测方法。结果制备出5株稳定分泌抗人β2-MG的单克隆抗体,经鉴定5株单抗皆为IgG1类,均为β2-MG抗原特异性抗体。经抗体配对试验筛选出1对可用于ELISA检测的配对抗体,建立了定量ELISA检测方法。结论制备出抗人β2-MG单克隆抗体并建立了双抗体夹心定量ELISA免疫检测方法,与国外试剂盒检测结果相关性良好。     

检测可溶性B7-H4 ELISA夹心法的建立

目的:建立定量检测可溶性B7-H4的ELISA夹心法.方法:采用抗人B7-H4单克隆抗体(mAb)包被酶标板, 以兔抗鼠B7-H4多克隆抗体为夹心抗体、 HRP标记羊抗兔IgG为检测抗体、重组小鼠可溶性B7-H4为标准品, 建立检测可溶性B7-H4的间接ELISA法, 并对50例正常人和37例术后乳腺癌患者血清样本进行了检测.结果:建立的夹心ELISA法检测B7-H4的线性范围为3.13 μg/L～200 μg/L, 批内、 批间变异系数分别为7.92%和11.1%.50例正常人和37例术后乳腺癌患者血清B7-H4的含量分别为(31.62±9.85) μg/L和(42.52±16.63) μg/L, 两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001).结论:成功建立了一种灵敏度高、 稳定性好的检测可溶性B7-H4的夹心ELISA法.     

丙型肝炎病毒F蛋白的原核表达及初步应用

目的构建丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)F基因的原核表达载体,并在大肠杆菌TG1中进行表达,用以检测丙肝患者体内抗体,并制备抗血清。方法提取患者血清中的HCVRNA,并进行基因分型。取鉴定为HCV1b型的病毒,用RT-PCR扩增HCVF蛋白基因的序列。将扩增产物插入pGEM-T载体中,测序正确后,用EcoRI、BamHI双酶切后,再插入表达载体pGEX-4T-2中,转化大肠杆菌TG1,在IPTG诱导下表达GST-F蛋白。用亲和层析法纯化GST-F蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠制备抗血清。并用纯化的GST-F蛋白进行ELISA法检测丙肝患者血清抗F蛋白抗体。结果在细菌裂解液中检测到重组的融合蛋白,经GlutathioneSepharose4B亲和层析柱纯化获得较高纯度的GST-F融合蛋白。应用Westernblot方法检测证实,用纯化的GST-F蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠得到了特异性的抗体。用纯化的GST-F蛋白进行ELISA检测120例丙肝患者血清抗F蛋白抗体,82例呈阳性。结论通过上述方法制备的融合蛋白纯度较高,免疫小鼠获得的抗体具有良好的特异性。用纯化的目的蛋白检测丙肝患者血清抗F蛋白的抗体的阳性率为68%,与国外的报道接近,说明在HCV感染的自然病程中有F蛋白的产生,为研究HCVF蛋白及与HCV相关疾病的诊断和治疗提供了条件。     

A novel antigen detection immunoassay for field diagnosis of hepatitis C virus infection

The limitations of dominant methods-based on the detection of anti-HCV antibodies or HCV viremia currently used for the diagnosis of HCV infection enhance efforts to have a rapid, simple, sensitive, and specific alternative diagnostic approach to detect viral antigens. A highly reactive IgG antibody was raised to HCV-NS4 recombinant antigen. The produced antibody showed no cross-reactivity with the other HCV structural and nonstructural recombinant antigens (C1 + 2, C3 + 4, E2/NS1, NS3, NS5). The well established ELISA technique was adapted to detect the new target HCV-NS4 antigen in serum samples. Extremely high agreement was found between the results of ELISA and qualitative detection of HCV-RNA, using a RT-PCR test as a gold standard for the diagnosis of HCV infection. Based on these encouraging results, a novel enzyme immunoassay; dot-ELISA was developed for rapid (approximately 5 min) and simple qualitative detection of the target HCV antigen in serum. The developed method detected the HCV target antigen in 95% of serum samples from HCV infected individuals, with a specificity of 97% using sera of noninfected individuals in comparison with PCR test. The antigen detection method showed high predictive values of positive (99%) and negative (90%). Moreover, the dot-ELISA could detect the HCV target antigen in sera negative for anti-HCV Abs, but positive for HCV-RNA, and in sera of HCV infected individuals with low viremia, as well as those with high viremia, using quantitative RT-PCR. Accordingly, the developed highly sensitive and specific HCV antigen detection method could be applied for mass screening of HCV infection.     

A Novel Antigen Detection Immunoassay for Field Diagnosis of Hepatitis C Virus Infection

Abstract

The limitations of dominant methods-based on the detection of anti-HCV antibodies or HCV viremia currently used for the diagnosis of HCV infection enhance efforts to have a rapid, simple, sensitive, and specific alternative diagnostic approach to detect viral antigens. A highly reactive IgG antibody was raised to HCV-NS4 recombinant antigen. The produced antibody showed no cross-reactivity with the other HCV structural and nonstructural recombinant antigens (C1 + 2, C3 + 4, E2/NS1, NS3, NS5). The well established ELISA technique was adapted to detect the new target HCV-NS4 antigen in serum samples. Extremely high agreement was found between the results of ELISA and qualitative detection of HCV-RNA, using a RT-PCR test as a gold standard for the diagnosis of HCV infection. Based on these encouraging results, a novel enzyme immunoassay; dot-ELISA was developed for rapid (?5 min) and simple qualitative detection of the target HCV antigen in serum. The developed method detected the HCV target antigen in 95% of serum samples from HCV infected individuals, with a specificity of 97% using sera of noninfected individuals in comparison with PCR test. The antigen detection method showed high predictive values of positive (99%) and negative (90%). Moreover, the dot-ELISA could detect the HCV target antigen in sera negative for anti-HCV Abs, but positive for HCV-RNA, and in sera of HCV infected individuals with low viremia, as well as those with high viremia, using quantitative RT-PCR. Accordingly, the developed highly sensitive and specific HCV antigen detection method could be applied for mass screening of HCV infection.     

丙型肝炎病毒E1抗体检测及临床应用

目的：研究丙型肝炎患者血清中HCV E1抗体，确定HCV E1抗原在抗体检测中的应用价值。方法：应用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）方法检测80份卫生部第3代HCV血清参比品，821例职业献血员血清和720例临床肝炎患者血清中E1抗体。结果：用E1抗原单包板检查80份卫生部血清参比品的阳性符合率为70％、阴性符合率为100％；从821例职业献血员血清样品中检出E1抗体阳性率为1．9％；从720例临床肝炎患者血清中检出E1抗体阳性率为68％。大部分E1抗体阳性血清，同时也能和HCV的Core、NS3抗原及NS5A抗原呈阳性反应，但有个别血清只对E1抗原呈阳性反应。用市购HCV抗ELISA检测试剂盒检测为阴性的218例肝炎科门诊患者、813例献血员和848例一般人群血清，用E1抗原单包板复检，检出的阴性率分别为1．4％、1．1％和0．9％。在3例患者血清学转变的追踪研究中，HCV E1抗体都同现最早。结论：用E1工程蛋白检测E1抗体具有较高的灵敏度和特异性。E1抗体在HCV感染患者中普遍存在而且早出现，在临床诊断上是有意义的。     

一种快捷、定量检测烟曲霉GM抗原双mAb夹心ELISA的方法

目的 :建立一种快速诊断烟曲霉病的双mAb夹心ELISA法。方法 :应用 4株抗烟曲霉GM单克隆抗体 (mAb) ,分别包被和制备HRP mAb ,用双mAb夹心ELISA法配对试验 ,选择捕获及检测mAb。结果 :经筛选得到捕获及检测mAb的最佳组合 ,并建立了双mAb夹心ELISA法。该法检测GM抗原的灵敏度为 0 .1μg/L ,测出范围在 0 .1～ 10 μg/L之间。连续 6d用ELISA法检测同一份样品 ,所获CV的平均值为 ( 7.2± 3.8) %。结论 :建立了一种可快速、定量检测烟曲霉GM抗原的双mAb夹心ELISA法 ,灵敏度高、重复性好 ,对研制试剂盒应用于烟曲霉病早期诊断和防治 ,具有重要的临床应用价值     

Utility of HCV core antigen ELISA in the screening for hepatitis C virus infection in patients on hemodialysis

An enzyme immuno assay for hepatitis C core antigen was recently developed and its performance was compared with that of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA in the screening of HCV infection in patients on hemodialysis. One hundred and eleven chronic renal failure patients undergoing haemodialysis between May 2003 and October 2004 were included in the study. All the patients were tested for anti HCV antibody, core antigen and RNA. Fifteen patients were anti HCV antibody positive, three patients were positive for HCV core antigen and RNA, three patients were positive for HCV RNA, while two patients were positive only for core antigen but negative for RNA. In anti HCV antibody positive patients, the core antigen was negative while the viral RNA continued to be present. Hence, relying solely on a single HCV core antigen assay may not be useful for a definite diagnosis of early HCV infection. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay were 60% and 83% respectively, while the positive predictive value was 14.3%, negative predictive value was 97.7% and the efficiency was 81.9%.     

酶联免疫吸附法检测庚型肝炎病毒抗体

目的 探讨抗庚型肝炎病毒（ＨＧＶ）ＩｇＧ与各种病毒感染,丙氨到转氨酶（ＡＬＴ）及ＨＧＶ ＲＮＡ的相关性。方法 用酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）法检测了３１５例各种肝炎病毒（Ａ￣Ｅ）感染乾和１１７例健康献血员血清的抗－ＨＧＶ ＩｇＧ,并测定其ＡＬＴ,对抗－ＨＧＶ ＩｇＧ阳性的标本用逆转录－聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）法检测ＨＧＶ ＲＮＡ。结果 献血员抗－ＨＧＶ ＩｇＧ的阳性率为３．４２％（４／１１７     

A novel double antibody sandwich-lateral flow immunoassay for the rapid and simple detection of hepatitis C virus

The objective of this study was to screen for antigens of the hepatitis?C virus (HCV) to establish a new double antibody sandwich-lateral flow immunoassay (DAS-LFIA) method for testing the presence of anti-HCV antibodies in human serum or plasma. A series of different recombinant HCV proteins in Escherichia coli cells were constructed, expressed, purified and the new DAS-LFIA strip was developed. The sensitivity and specificity of new the DAS-LFIA strip were evaluated by detecting 23?HCV-positive sera, a set of quality control references for anti-HCV detection that contain known amounts of anti-HCV antibodies, and 8?HCV-negative sera. A total of 300?clinical serum samples was examined by both the new DAS-LFIA strip and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data were analyzed using SPSS?11.5 software. The sensitivity and specificity of the new DAS-LFIA strip were 100%. The lowest test line of the HCV DAS-LFIA strips was 2?NCU/ml. Additionally, the concordance between the new DAS-LFIA strip and ELISA methods was 94.33%. In conclusion, our new testing method is rapid, simple, sensitive and specifically detects the presence of anti-HCV antibodies in human serum or plasma. Therefore, it may be used for monitoring HCV.     

抗HIV-1核心抗原p24单克隆抗体的制备及特性的初步鉴定

目的 :建立分泌抗HIV 1p2 4单克隆抗体 (mAb)的杂交瘤细胞株 ,并对其特性进行初步鉴定。方法 :以纯化的基因工程制备的p2 4抗原免疫BALB/c小鼠 ,取免疫小鼠的脾细胞与Sp2 /0骨髓瘤细胞融合 ,经HAT、HT选择培养及有限稀释法进行克隆化后 ,用间接ELISA法及Dotblot对其进行筛选和特性鉴定。结果 :筛选到 2株可分泌抗HIV 1p2 4mAb的杂交瘤细胞 ,其腹水效价为 1×10 -5,亲和力为 1.7× 10 4～ 1.8×10 4mol/L ,mAb的Ig亚类均为IgG1。两株mAb与HBcAg、HCVRNA阳性血清及HIVgp4 1等均无交叉反应 ,只与HIV 1p2 4抗原阳性血清产生特异反应。结论 :成功地建立了 2株可分泌抗HIV 1p2 4mAb的杂交瘤细胞 ,为进一步研制HIV 1p2 4抗原的ELISA检测试剂盒奠定了基础     

Establishment of hybrid cell lines producing monoclonal antibodies to a synthetic peptide from the E1 region of the hepatitis C virus

We aimed at establishing hybridoma cells secreting monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against E1 synthetic peptide of HCV. BALB/c mice were immunized with HCV E1-synthetic peptide (GHRMAWDMM) and its spleenocytes were fused with the P3NS1 myeloma cell line. Two highly reactive and specific mAbs (10C7 IgG2b mAb, and 10B2 IgG1 mAb) were generated. The target HCV E1 antigen was identified at approximately 38 kDa in serum of infected individuals. A newly developed ELISA detected the target antigen in 90% of sera from HCV RNA infected individuals with a specificity of 84%. So, the generated mAbs may provide promising probes for serodiagnosis of HCV infection.