Putting together the pieces of the puzzle: Traces of New Zealand in international school geography textbooks

How does a fairly remote space (the islands of New Zealand) contribute to the development of geographical literacy in the geography textbooks of post‐socialist (Romania), Western (Germany) and post‐colonial (Mexico) countries? A four‐step analysis of three textbooks of international selection revealed different regionalisation cultures combined with traditional and recently implemented educational paradigms of geography education and led to a similar result. Despite the many ways in which New Zealand's geographical distinctiveness could be used to enhance geographical literacy, there are few operationalisations of educational targets that might contribute to sustainable long‐term learning. Further, these results also offer a possible explanation for the absence of the ‘southern lands’ on students' cognitive maps of the world.     

演化经济地理:经济学与地理学之间的第二座桥梁

经济学和地理学长期以来互动并不明显。文中首先对经济学与地理学忽视以及可能的合作进行了分析。如果说新经济地理学构筑了经济学和地理学的第一座桥梁,那么演化经济地理学则构筑了经济学和地理学之间的第二座桥梁。随着演化经济学的逐渐成熟,以演化经济学为基础的演化经济地理这一新兴学科逐步发展起来。文中对演化经济地理的形成、优势以及应用进行详细的阐述。演化经济地理继承了演化经济学中的时间和历史的因素,将演化经济学和经济地理加以融合。演化经济地理在微观、中观以及宏观方面都有着广泛的应用,同时演化经济地理对中国经济社会的发展有着一些重要的启示:①产业的动态化认为产业梯度转移并不能实现区域协调发展;②关系网络指出户籍制度放开的必要性与无效的可能;③多样性则认为单一产业发展战略具有风险性;④再演化的政策则指出政策需要具有"连贯性"。     

National carbon dioxide emissions: geography matters

This article examines the role of geographical factors as determinants of cross-country differences in per capita carbon dioxide emissions. Such differences have been explained by economists mostly in terms of per capita income. Geographical factors on the other hand have been neglected by economic analysis. We examine the effects of cold and hot climates, transportation requirements and the availability of renewable energy sources on emissions. We find that with the exception of cooling requirements as measured by hot climates, all these geographical factors are statistically significant determinants of emissions in accordance with our expectation. Furthermore, cold climates and the availability of renewable resources are also substantively important.     

Environmental geography in China: retrospect and prospect

1FromchemicalgeographytoenvironmentalgeographyThe growth of environmental geography in China can be traced back to the early 1960s when a group of geographers and soil scientists initiated a chemical geography program in China following the speciality created by Russian geographers. The main fields of studies conducted during the mid-1950s to the early 1970s involved aquatic, terrestrial and atmospheric chemistry of major elements, which focused on geochemical taxonomy of inorganic elements i…     

The status of Norwegian geography

This report is based on a questionnaire survey sent to geographers working in Norwegian R&D institutions. Present research orientations arc described and the conditions of work of Norwegian academic geographers discussed.     

Learning styles among geography undergraduates: an international comparison

Growing diversity is focusing attention on the range of different student learning styles. This study assesses whether geographers have a predominant learning style and whether this varies between and within countries. The findings are based on over 900 geography students from 12 universities in Australia, New Zealand, the UK and the US, who completed Kolb's Learning Style Inventory (LSI). The implications for curriculum design and student learning strategies are discussed. It is suggested that departments should aim to produce balanced learners with a full range of learning capacities rather than simply matching teaching to existing learning styles.     

'After-the-fact causality': a different direction for cultural geography

Cultural geography might benefit from consideration of radical behaviourism and from interpretation and application of the concepts of behaviour analysis. The basic concept is that of operant conditioning, referring to the environment reinforcing behaviours that are most adaptive and effective in achieving reinforcers and avoiding aversive stimuli. The concept of rule-governed behaviour facilitates incorporation of cognition into behaviour analyses, accommodating the fact that many consequences are delayed. These concepts are applied in an analysis of nineteenth-century Mormon settlement in the American West. This argument for an objectivist approach is laden with social scientific baggage not favoured in contemporary cultural geography.     

Voter turnout and constituency marginality: geography and rational choice

Summary Variation in turnout between constituencies is often taken as an example of a contextual effect in electoral behaviour, with voters reacting to local factors such as the closeness of the competition in each seat. However, detailed analysis of survey data from the 1987 and 1992 British general elections suggests that turnout is not affected by local context.