稀土钨电极对TIG焊缝熔深和熔宽的影响

以不锈钢板为母材,对W－La2O3、W－Y2O3、W－CeO2和参照的W－ThO24种TIG焊用钨电极进行了直流焊接试验,对比了它们焊缝的熔深和熔宽．试验结果表明,4种电极的熔宽相差不大,熔深由大到小的顺序为：W－Y2O3最大,W－CeO2和W－La2O3居中,W－ThO2最小.研究发现,熔深的大小与电极电子发射能力的好坏有较好的对应关系：电极的电子发射能力越好,其焊接熔深越深．     

5A06铝合金变动送气TIG焊焊缝组织与力学性能

为了研究5A06铝合金变动送气TIG焊焊缝微观组织与力学性能,采用(Ar-Ar)变动送气TIG焊和传统连续送气TIG焊接方法对4 mm厚的5 A06铝合金板进行表面堆焊,观察比较传统送气和变动送气下焊缝的表面,对焊缝金相组织进行观察,并且对1 Hz变动送气下的5 A06铝合金对焊板试样进行抗拉强度测试.结果表明:变动送...     

船用5A01铝合金焊接接头组织与性能研究

通过拉伸、硬度测试、扫描以及电子背散射衍射分析(EBSD)等方法对5A01铝合金熔化极氩弧焊(MIG)焊接接头的力学性能与显微组织进行了研究。结果表明,采用5B01焊丝焊接5A01铝合金时,焊接接头具有较好的抗拉性能,焊接强度系数约为85%。焊接接头硬度值在84～104HV之间,其中焊缝中心硬度最低。焊缝区主要由α(Al)基体和Al6(Mn,Fe)、Al3Zr两种不同相组成,焊接高温使得Mg出现挥发损失,相比焊丝焊缝中心的Mg含量下降了1.66%。焊缝中心大部分晶粒的取向主要集中在[001]方向,具有明显的择优取向,且小角晶界比例要高于热影响区和熔合区。     

5554铝合金异种焊料焊接的显微组织及力学性能

在5554铝合金钨极氩弧焊焊接工艺基础上,利用万能拉伸试验机、光学显微镜和显微硬度测试仪等仪器,比较了5554铝合金异种焊料焊接接头的微观组织结构和力学性能。结果表明,随着焊料含镁量的增加,焊接接头的力学性能都得到了不同程度的降低,而且随着镁含量的增加,焊接热裂纹越明显。三种焊料焊接的接头显微硬度均比母材低,通过试验验证,得出焊后保温是导致这一结果的主要原因。     

A7N01S-T5铝合金MIG焊接接头的应力腐蚀行为

选取A7N01S-T5铝合金及其MIG焊接接头,采用慢应变拉伸(SSRT)、扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱仪(EDS)等测试手段研究腐蚀环境和慢应变速率对焊接接头应力腐蚀开裂(SCC)行为的影响。结果表明,3.5%NaCl腐蚀环境下焊接接头的自腐蚀敏感性高于母材。母材和焊接接头应力腐蚀敏感性随慢应变速率的升高而增大,且焊接接头的应力腐蚀敏感性远高于母材。拉伸速率超过5×10~(-6) mm·s~(-1)后,接头的应力腐蚀加速。试样SSRT断口的SEM分析表明:母材和焊接接头在空气中以脆性断裂为主,在3.5%NaCl腐蚀环境中均发生典型应力腐蚀开裂,但焊接接头对腐蚀环境的应力腐蚀敏感性更高。     

TA2钨极氩弧焊焊接工艺的优化

为了研究TA2钨极氩弧焊的最佳工艺参数,采用自动TIG焊对厚度为5 mm的TA2试板进行了焊接实验.焊后对焊接接头进行了拉伸实验和硬度实验,并对焊接接头的显微组织和拉伸断口进行了观察.结果表明,在焊接电流为170 A、焊接速度为2.0 mm/s的最优参数条件下,焊接接头的抗拉强度为598.3 MPa,断后伸长率为26.7%,断面收缩率为38.5%,焊缝硬度为209 HB,热影响区硬度为182 HB.适宜的焊接工艺参数能够减少焊接接头中马氏体和魏氏组织的产生,并提高焊接接头的强度和塑性.     

基于数字图像相关法的A7N01-T4铝合金焊接接头循环变形行为实验研究

为研究A7N01铝合金MIG焊焊接接头单轴拉伸性能和循环变形特征,采用数字图像相关方法(DIC)分析A7N01铝合金焊接接头在单调拉伸和循环加载下的应变场分布,结合焊接接头显微硬度获取焊接接头整体、焊缝、热影响区和母材的平均应力-应变曲线。实验结果表明:焊接接头母材在单调拉伸和循环变形中一直处于弹性变形,焊接接头整体的塑性变形由焊缝和热影响区主导,体现出循环稳定特征和棘轮安定状态,焊接接头的棘轮应变值依赖于当前的应力水平和加载历史。     

以N-(苯并〔1-3〕二噁茂-5-亚甲基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲酰肼为载体的PVC膜铬离子选择电极的研究

制备了以N-(苯并〔1-3〕二噁茂-5-亚甲基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲酰肼为载体的PVC膜电极.结果表明:该电极对铬(Ⅲ)离子在10-1~10-6 mol/L的浓度范围内有良好的响应性能,响应斜率为22.9 m V/decade,检测下限为4.6×10-7 mol/L.电极具有较好的抗干扰性、重现性和稳定性,能在p H值为1.13~6.15的范围内和体积分数小于20%的乙醇溶液中使用.可用于水样品中铬含量的直接测定和电位滴定Cr3+的指示电极.     

镁合金钨极氩弧焊区组织和性能

为了研究镁合金钨极氩弧焊区组织和性能,通过总结、归纳现有的研究方法及研究成果,从影响焊区组织和性能的角度,综述了镁合金钨极氩弧焊技术在国内外的应用研究进展,总结了焊接电参数、焊后热处理、焊接速率、焊剂保护等因素对焊区组织和性能的影响规律.指出现阶段研究存在的问题,并结合我国航空装备的实际生产现状,认为在研究镁合金GTAW时应注重焊接缺陷的研究工作.     

镁合金钨极氩弧焊焊接电弧电势与电流密度的数值模拟

为了分析钨极氩弧焊(GTAW)焊接电弧电势与电流密度在三维电弧空间内的分布,以镁合金的GTAW焊接电弧为研究对象,建立了包含焊丝、焊接电弧以及工件的三维瞬态联合数值模型,对电弧等离子体的电场进行了数值计算,之后得到了电弧电势与电流密度在电弧空间的分布。研究结果表明:在整个电弧空间中电极端部的电势梯度最大,并在此处产生了最高的电流密度。在焊接条件稳定的前提下,电极正下方对称轴线上电流密度最大,弧柱中心处的电流密度要高于周边区域。电弧横断面上的电流密度在弧长1,2,3,5mm处及工件表面上均符合高斯分布。     

Interfacial Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al/Mg Butt Joints Made by MIG Welding Process with Zn-Cd Alloy as Interlayer

Butt joints between Mg alloy AZ31 B and pure Al 1 060 sheets were produced via metal inert gas welding process with Zn-Cd alloy foil. Crack-free Al/Mg butt joints between AZ31 B Mg alloy and pure Al 1060 sheets were obtained. Intermetallic compound layer 1 and layer 2 had formed in fusion zone/Mg alloy and the average thickness of the layer 1 was about 50 μm. The intermetallic compound layer 1 consisted of Al12Mg17 and Mg2Si phases while layer 2 consisted of Al12Mg17, Mg2Si and Mg Zn2 phases. The crack started from the IMC layer at the bottom of the joint and propagated along the brittle IMC layer, then expanded into weld metal during the SEM in situ tensile test. The highest tensile strength of the dissimilar metal butt joints could reach 46.8 MPa and the effect ofinterfacial IMC layer on mechanical property of the joint was discussed in detail in the present study.     

Application of the Backpropagation Neural Network Method in Designing Tungsten Heavy Alloy

Tungsten heavy alloys possess a unique combina-tion of high density,strength and toughness.Theyare used extensively as kinetic energy penetrators.The factors to decide the properties of tungsten alloyinclude:Wcontent,Ni/Fe ratio,molding technologyand defo…     

稀土改性烟气脱硫剂脱硫作用的研究

经过理论分析和实验验证,研究开发了一种新型高效、预计将具有很大发展潜力的稀土改性烟气脱硫剂。实验证明:该脱硫剂中稀土氧化物掺杂不超过20%时均具有一定的脱硫效率,其中稀土氧化物含量为15%时脱硫效率较高(98%);同时实验考察了脱硫剂在不同温度下对模拟烟道气中SO2的脱除效果,结果发现在100～200℃温度范围内,稀土型烟气脱硫剂均具有很好的脱硫作用;此外,还实验考察了这类脱硫剂再生的条件和再生后脱硫的活性,表明在720℃左右的温度下焙烧再生后,其脱硫能力和新鲜脱硫剂相差不大。     

Influence of Tb substitution on low-field magnetocaloric effect in Gd5Si1.72Ge2.28 alloy

The lattice parameters, magnetic phase transition, Curie temperature and magnetocaloric properties for (Gd1-xTbx)5Si1.72-Ge2.28 alloys with x = 0, 0.15, 0.20 and 0.25 were investigated by X-ray powder diffractometry and magnetization measurements. The results show that suitable partial substitution of Tb in Gd5Si1.72Ge2.28 compound remains the first-order magnetic-crystallographic transition and enhances the magnetic entropy change, although Tb substitution decreases the Curie temperature (Tc) of the compounds. The magnetic entropy change of (Gd1-xTbx)5Si1.72Ge2.28 alloys retains a large value in the low magnetic field of 1.0 T.The maximum magnetic entropy change for (Gd0.80Tb0.20)5Si1.72Ge2.28 alloy in the magnetic field from 0 to 1.0 T reaches 8.7 J/(kg·K),which is nearly 4 times as large as that of (Gd0.3Dy0.7)5Si4 compound (|△Smax| = 2.24 J/(kg·K), TC = 198 K).     

Influence of Tb substitution on low-field magnetocaloric effect in Gd5Si1.72Ge2.28 alloy

The lattice parameters, magnetic phase transition, Curie temperature and magnetocaloric properties for (Gd_1−x Tb _x )₅Si_1.72-Ge_2.28 alloys with x = 0, 0.15, 0.20 and 0.25 were investigated by X-ray powder diffractometry and magnetization measurements. The results show that suitable partial substitution of Tb in Gd₅Si_1.72Ge_2.28 compound remains the first-order magnetic-crystallographic transition and enhances the magnetic entropy change, although Tb substitution decreases the Curie temperature (T _C) of the compounds. The magnetic entropy change of (Gd_1−x Tb _x )₅Si_1.72Ge_2.28 alloys retains a large value in the low magnetic field of 1.0 T. The maximum magnetic entropy change for (Gd_0.80Tb_0.20)₅Si_1.72Ge_2.28 alloy in the magnetic field from 0 to 1.0 T reaches 8.7 J/(kg·K), which is nearly 4 times as large as that of (Gd_0.3Dy_0.7)₅Si₄ compound (|ΔS _max| = 2.24 J/(kg·K), T _C = 198 K). Foundation item: Project (50371058) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China