AZ31B镁合金及其焊接接头的疲劳断裂机理

对AZ31B镁合金进行疲劳实验,在2×106循环次数下,母材、对接接头、横向十字接头和侧面连接接头的疲劳强度分别为66.72,39.00,24.38和24.40MPa。采用光学显微镜对裂纹扩展特征进行分析,结果表明,AZ31B母材的疲劳裂纹宏观扩展路径平滑,但微观观察发现疲劳裂纹扩展方向曲弯,有些裂纹分成两岔;裂纹尖端扩展均为沿晶扩展。焊接接头裂纹均在焊趾部位起裂,对接接头和横线十字接头的裂纹沿着热影响区扩展;侧面连接接头的裂纹起裂位于焊脚部位。采用扫描电子显微镜对疲劳断裂机理进行分析。疲劳断口由准解理或解理台阶组成,均为脆性断裂,断口中存在二次裂纹,对接接头中存在疲劳条纹,其间距约为5μm。     

AZ91镁合金的应变疲劳行为研究

研究了铸态和挤压态AZ91镁合金的室温应变疲劳行为。结果表明,铸态镁合金表现为循环应变硬化,而挤压态镁合金可呈现循环应变硬化、软化或循环稳定。与此同时,对两种状态的AZ91镁合金的应变寿命行为和循环应力-应变行为进行了分析测试,确定了相应的室温应变疲劳参数。此外,利用扫描电子显微镜观察分析了铸态和挤压态AZ91镁合金的疲劳裂纹萌生和扩展行为。     

渗注磷酸盐对AZ31镁合金疲劳裂纹扩展的影响

交变载荷作用下在AZ31镁合金疲劳裂纹尖端渗注磷酸盐转化液,研究磷酸盐的沉积行为及其对AZ31镁合金疲劳裂纹扩展速率的影响。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)观察分析裂纹尖端的形貌和物相组成,并采用贴应变片方法确定渗注磷酸盐转化液前后应力强度因子的变化。结果表明:渗注的磷酸盐转化液在AZ31镁合金疲劳裂纹尖端形成Zn3(PO4).4H2O及MgZnP2O7复合覆层,能改变疲劳裂纹尖端的应力大小和分布状态,使应力强度因子降低约30%,从而有效地增强疲劳裂纹闭合效应,降低或延滞AZ31镁合金疲劳裂纹的扩展。     

流变铸造镁合金AZ31B的热/力模拟

采用双螺旋流变铸造工艺制备了镁合金AZ31B的棒坯,利用Gleeble-3000型热/力模拟机研究了流变铸造和普通连铸棒坯在变形温度为250～400℃,变形速率为0.001～5 s-1,最大变形量为60%时的热压缩变形行为.分析了材料流变应力与变形量、变形温度和应变速率之间的关系,比较了两种不同铸造工艺对热塑性变形行为的影响.结果表明:流变铸造坯料在变形过程中的形变均匀性明显优于普通铸造的,因此不需预处理即可直接进行塑性成型;350℃以上热变形流变铸造坯料的变形抗力明显小于普通铸造坯料的;流变铸造使AZ31B合金的塑性加工性能得到改善;产生这种差别的主要原因是普通铸造坯料组织为粗大树枝晶,而流变铸造坯料组织为细小等轴晶.     

Fatigue Crack Propagation Behavior of as-Extruded AZ31B Mg Alloy Welded Joint

对AZ31B 镁合金焊接接头和热影响区的疲劳裂纹扩展行为进行研究,分析了焊接接头[L-T(W)]和热影响区的紧凑拉伸试验[C(T)],其中热影响区的C(T)试验包括焊缝平行于挤压方向[T-L(H)] 和垂直于挤压方向 [L-T(H)]两种。结果表明:对于L-T(W) 试样,裂纹沿挤压方向扩展,裂纹扩展经历先快后慢的扩展过程;T-L(H) 试样裂纹平行于缺口方向扩展,L-T(H)试样裂纹为平行于缺口方向和与缺口成一定角度两种扩展方向,裂纹扩展经历先慢后快的扩展过程。裂纹尖端扩展为穿晶和沿晶的混合模式,疲劳断口为准解理特征的脆性断口。     

变形工艺对AZ31B镁合金薄板组织及力学性能的影响

将不同厚度的AZ31B镁合金挤压坯经多道次和单道次两种轧制工艺制备成厚度约为1 mm的薄板.XRD结果表明,轧板出现了明显（0001）面织构.挤压和轧制过程中的大变形促使了再结晶的发生,进而形成了细小且均匀的显微组织.多道次轧制的最薄轧板中获得了尺寸为5-10 μm的等轴晶.细小的再结晶晶粒使材料的强度和塑性得到了改善.多道次轧板的拉伸强度达到了292MPa,其伸长率为单道次轧制的两倍.     

基于CDM法AZ31B镁合金焊接接头疲劳评定

采用临界距离法(CDM)中的点法和线法对AZ31B镁合金对接接头和横向十字接头进行疲劳评定.对两种焊接接头进行了疲劳试验,采用ANSYS有限元软件建模分析,计算出两种评定方法的局部应力参量Δσloc,拟合出相应的S-N曲线,并与疲劳试验结果进行了对比分析.结果表明,采用CDM法可以对镁合金焊接接头进行疲劳评定,其评定结果与疲劳试验结果相符合.依据应力集中大小可以有效预测疲劳断裂位置,在2×106循环次数下,两种焊接接头点法的疲劳强度分别为79.55和49.10MPa,线法的疲劳强度分别为79.01和44.38MPa.     

Forgeability of AZ31B magnesium alloy in warm forging

1　INTRODUCTIONMagnesiumalloysarethelightestalloysusedasstructuralmaterialsandtheyhavesomeadvantagessuchashighspecificstrength ,specificelasticmodulusandsoon[1,2 ] .Therefore ,largedemands ,inwhichtheyareappliedinautomobileandairplane ,areex pected .Atpresent ,mostMgproductsarefabricatedbycastingprocessessuchasdie castingandthixocast ing .However,itisoftendifficulttofabricatelargeMgproductswithhighstrengthandhighductilityforvehiclesbythecasting processesbecauseofcoarsegrains.Therefore ,d…     

加热温度对AZ31镁合金薄板组织性能的影响

通过对AZ31镁合金板带在不同加热温度的轧制过程观察,测量了不同轧制温度下板带的力学性能,并对其组织进行了分析。分析结果表明,轧制变形使板带晶粒细化,抗拉强度增加,伸长率降低;随着加热温度的升高,发生部分再结晶行为,AZ31镁合金板带的抗拉强度略有下降,屈服强度下降,伸长率提高,晶粒细化。     

挤压态AZ31镁合金单向压缩过程中的退孪生行为

用金相法、XRD等技术研究了挤压态AZ31镁合金单向压缩过程中的退孪生行为,并探讨退孪生机理.结果表明,在应变量较低时,拉伸孪晶数量随变形量的增大而增多,而当应变量＞4％时,随着变形量的增大,拉伸孪晶数量反而减少,即产生了退孪生现象.这种特殊的退孪生现象可以通过晶体转动理论解释,即随变形量的增大,基体逐渐转到硬取向,孪晶伴随转动,变形量较大时产生的{1012}拉伸孪晶的受力状态随转动发生改变,在已孪生部分又发生一次{10 12 }拉伸孪生,使原来已孪生部分取向再次与基体相同,即产生了退孪生.     

AZ31B镁合金热拉伸流变应力研究

针对不同加工方法制备的AZ31B镁合金薄板,利用热拉伸试验机和金相显微镜对其在不同温度和变形速率下的流变应力进行了实验研究。结果表明,变形温度和变形速率对热拉伸时镁合金的流变应力有显著影响,峰值流变应力随应变速率的降低和变形温度的升高而降低。峰值流变应力随板材的厚度增加而发生变化,低温时厚度效应较为明显。退火处理对冷轧板的峰值流变应力影响较小,冷轧板可直接用于热加工成形。峰值流变应力变化规律:挤压板>热轧板>冷轧板。     

搅拌摩擦加工AZ31镁合金低周疲劳性能研究

作为新型大塑性变形技术,搅拌摩擦焊接技术（FSW）已成功应用于超细晶材料的制备。本文采用FSW对热轧态AZ31镁合金进行连接,对母材和焊接接头的低周疲劳性能进行了研究。结果表明：在疲劳测试和单轴拉伸测试过程中,焊合区和前进侧热机械影响区交界处为性能薄弱区域。FSW AZ31接头的低周疲劳寿命,屈服强度,抗力强度以及断后延伸率均低于母材。AZ31镁合金疲劳测试过程种的主要变形机制为位错滑移,疲劳断口表面呈现出明显的疲劳纹。最终,我们发现母材和FSW接头低周疲劳行为符合Coffin-Manson和 Basquin关系     

Tensile behaviors of fatigued AZ31 magnesium alloy

The relationship between microstructure and tensile behaviors of fatigued AZ31 magnesium alloy was investigated. Axial fatigue tests were performed on PLG–100 fatigue machine at stresses of 50 and 90 MPa. Tensile samples were cut from the fatigued samples, named as L-sample and H-sample respectively, and the O-sample was cut from original rolled AZ31 alloy. The EBSD and TEM were used to characterize the microstructure. It is found that the twinning–detwinning was the main deformation mechanism in high stress fatigue test, while dislocation slipping was dominant in low stress fatigue test. After fatigue tests, the average grain size of the L-sample and H-sample decreased to 4.71 and 5.33 μm, and the tensile and yield strength of the L-sample and H-sample increased slightly. By analyzing SEM images, the ultimate fracture region of the L-sample consisted of dimples, while there were many microvoids in the ultimate fracture region of the H-sample. Consequently, the tensile behaviors of fatigued magnesium have a close relationship with microstructure.     

半连续铸造AZ31B镁合金的热压缩变形行为

针对半连续铸造的AZ31B镁合金,采用Gleeble-1500热/力模拟机在变形温度为473～723 K、应变速率为0.01～10 s-1、最大变形量为80%条件下进行热/力模拟研究;结合热变形后的显微组织,分析合金力学性能与显微组织之间的关系。结果表明:当变形温度一定时,流变应力和应变速率之间存在对数关系,并可用包含Arrheniues项的Z参数描述半连续铸造的AZ31B镁合金热压缩变形的流变应力行为;实验合金在523 K时开始发生动态回复;随着变形温度的升高和应变速率的降低,动态再结晶开始对AZ31B合金的变形行为产生明显影响,在变形温度623 K以上的各种应变速率下,AZ31B镁合金易变形。     

AZ31镁合金板材的冲压性能

通过对异步轧制后的AZ31镁合金板材在杯突试验机上进行冲压试验,以此来研究AZ31镁合金板材的冲压性能.采用热轧态AZ31镁合金板材在异步轧机上进行不同压下率轧制,采取空冷,然后对单道次异步轧制后的板材进行退火处理.对退火处理后的板材切块、打磨,在杯突试验机上进行冲压试验,测量板材的杯突值,通过拉伸试验测得冲压性能指标...     

AZ31镁合金盐浴渗铝改善耐蚀性机制分析

采用真空热扩散渗铝的方法对AZ31镁合金进行表面合金化处理,在不同参数下得到厚度不一的渗铝层,对渗层的显微组织、物相组成进行了分析,并分析了渗铝试样的耐腐蚀性能和显微硬度.绘制了AZ31镁合金基体以及经过400℃扩散渗铝4 h后的试样的极化曲线.结果表明,渗层主要由Mg₁₇Al₁₂,Mg₃Al₂和α-Mg等组成,渗层厚度随扩散温度提高而增加,400℃恒温热扩散4 h时,在基体表面获得了连续且均匀细密的渗铝层,显微硬度值从基体的53 HV提高到80~85 HV,同时,该方法使得镁合金的自腐蚀电位提高了约105 mV,而镁合金的自腐蚀电流密度降低了一个数量级,这表征着镁合金的耐蚀性能得到提高.     

Low cycle fatigue properties and cyclic deformation behavior of as-extruded AZ31 magnesium alloy

The low cycle fatigue(LCF)properties of as-extruded AZ31 Mg alloy were investigated under total strain amplitudes in the range of 0.4%-1.2%with strain rate of 1×10- 2s -1.Due to the twinning effect in compression during loading and the detwinning effect during unloading,the alloy showed an asymmetric hysteresis loop.The cyclic stress response exhibited cyclic hardening at high total strain amplitudes.The cyclic deformation behaviors were discussed using the Coffin-Manson plot,which divided the plastic strain amplitudes into the tension side and the compression side.Through the LCF tests that were started from either tension or compression under a total strain amplitude of 1.0%,the interaction between the twinning effect and dislocation was analyzed.The twinning effect during the LCF test and the variation of the dislocation density were investigated using optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy,respectively.     

AZ31B镁合金表面激光熔覆Cu-Ni合金层

针对镁合金表面耐磨性和耐蚀性差的问题,利用横流CO2激光器在AZ31B镁合金表面激光熔覆Cu-Ni合金层,并利用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱分析仪(EDS)分析熔覆层与基体的结合界面特征以及显微组织和成分分布情况,测试合金层的显微硬度和耐蚀性。结果表明:合金层与基体结合良好,缺陷较少,但局部存在不均匀的Cu-Ni富集区,且在其边缘区域的枝晶间均匀分布着1~1.5μm的十字状Laves相;合金层的硬度分布比较均匀,约为75HV0.05,明显高于基体的显微硬度45HV0.05;Cu-Ni合金层比AZ31B镁合金基体的腐蚀电位正移317mV,腐蚀电流降低78mA/cm2,耐蚀性也得到较大改善。     

Flow stress and softening behavior of wrought magnesium alloy AZ31B at elevated temperature

1　INTRODUCTIONThewroughtmagnesiumalloyshaveexcellentspecificstrengthandstiffness ,machinability ,dampcapacity ,dimensionalstability ,lowmeltingcostsandare ,hence ,veryattractiveinsuchapplicationsasau tomobile ,aviation ,electronicandcommunicationin dustry[16 ] .Investigationsontheflowstressandsofteningbehaviorofmagnesiumalloysathigherformingtem peratureandstrainratehavebeenanimportantsub jectinwroughtmagnesiumalloysforming[710 ] .InthispapertheflowstressandsofteningbehaviorofAZ31Bdeform…     

Effect of temperature and heating rate on mechanical properties of magnesium alloy AZ31

Effects of temperature and heating rate on the mechanical properties of the tensile specimens of magnesium alloy AZ31 were experimentally investigated using a Gleeble-1500 thermo-mechanical material testing system. The metallurgraphs of the fracture section of the specimens were also experimentally observed and analyzed for exploring their failure mechanism under different temperatures and heating rates. The results show that the higher the temperature, the lower the ultimate strength of the specimens. And the higher the heating rate, the higher the ultimate strength of the specimens. The high temperatures and high heating rates will induce microvoids in the specimens which make the specimens failure under relatively low loads.