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概述了膨胀型阻燃剂的分类、发展历史和近况。介绍了混合型膨胀阻燃剂和单组分膨胀阻燃剂的性能、优缺点及研究现状。罗列了蒙脱土、二氧化硅、沸石以及金属化合物等多种膨胀协同阻燃助剂在膨胀阻燃体系中的作用。简单介绍了纳米化表、面改性以及微胶囊化三种膨胀型阻燃剂的处理技术。 相似文献
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膨胀型阻燃剂/硅藻土协同阻燃高密度聚乙烯 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
研究了聚磷酸铵(APP)和季戊四醇(PER)组成的膨胀型阻燃剂(IFR)在硅藻土(KIE)的协同作用下对高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)燃烧性能的影响.结果表明,对于APP/PER质量比为2/1的阻燃体系,当阻燃剂用量为30%(质量分数,下同)时,添加0.5%KIE,材料极限氧指数(LOI)由30.7%提高至32.7%,随着KIE用量的增加,LOI有所下降,但KIE用量不大于3%时,材料的垂直燃烧测试(VB)仍能保持V-0级别;少量KIE能明显提高材料的高温热稳定性,且有利于形成强度更高、结构更致密的炭层. 相似文献
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介绍了膨胀型阻燃涂料的组成和阻燃机理,以及膨胀石墨协效剂在膨胀型阻燃涂料中的应用,并对阻燃技术的发展前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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通过微胶囊化技术合成了新型磷氮体系无卤膨胀型阻燃剂ANTI-6用ANTI-6对聚丙烯(PP)进行阻燃改性。研究了阻燃剂ANTI-6中聚磷酸铵的微胶囊包覆;考察了阻燃剂对PP的阻燃性能、力学性能和耐水性等的影响。结果表明:包覆的聚磷酸铵粒度均匀致密,热稳定性提高;PP中添加25%ANTI-6阻燃剂可以获得良好的阻燃效果,氧指数达到30,阻燃性达UL94V~0级,改性PP具有优越的综合性能,耐热水性优于国外同类产品。 相似文献
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Synergistic effect of intumescent flame retardant and zinc borate on linear low-density polyethylene
A series of novel intumescent flame retardant (IFR) based on melamine, neopentyl glycol, and aluminum diethylphosphinate were prepared and tested. In addition, the synergistic effect of the novel IFR and zinc borate (ZB) on the flame retardancy of LLDPE composites was investigated. The structures of novel IFR and ZB were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) increased from 19.3% for the pure LLDPE to 27% for the 25 wt% IFR/5 wt% ZB composites and the composites achieved the desired V-0 rating in the UL-94 test. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the addition of IFR/ZB reduced the pyrolysis rate of the LLDPE composites at high temperatures and increased the amount of the char residues, and the char residue of LLDPE-5 reached 12.1 wt% at 700°C. Cone calorimetry (CCT) data showed that the peak of total heat release, heat release rate, and fire growth index were comparatively reduced, indicating that the addition of IFR/ZB decreased the fire hazard of LLDPE composites. The formation of a compact and thermally stable char layer on the surfaces of LLDPE composites was revealed from the scanning electrone microscopy images and digital photographs of the char residue after the CCT tests. 相似文献
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膨胀阻燃协效剂研究进展 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
综述了近年膨胀阻燃剂阻燃协效系统研究进展,协效剂主要有晶体硅铝酸盐类阻燃协效剂、金属盐与金属化合物、尼龙6等成炭剂和无机纳米粒子,根据存在的问题提出和展望了今后发展方向。 相似文献
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采用包覆红磷、酚醛树脂、双季戊四醇和三聚氰胺构成复合无卤膨胀型阻燃体系,与聚甲醛(POM)经共混挤出制备阻燃聚甲醛材料。当聚甲醛、包覆红磷、酚醛树脂、双季戊四醇、三聚氰胺的质量分数分别为65%、15%、4%、6%、10%时,材料的极限氧指数可以达到39%,垂直燃烧级别可以达到UL 94 V-0级。阻燃填料的加入对材料的力学性能有较大影响。采用数码照片、红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等对材料燃烧后的炭层进行了研究,采用热重分析(TG)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、动态机械热分析(DMA)等对材料的热性能进行了探讨。 相似文献
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Hermanus Joachim Kruger Walter Wilhelm Focke Washington Mhike Albertus Taute Albert Roberson 《火与材料》2017,41(6):573-586
Low‐density polyethylene was flame retarded by combinations of expandable graphite with either ethylenediamine phosphate or 3,5‐diaminobenzoic acid phosphate. Cone calorimeter, laser pyrolysis, and open flame exposure tests (supported by video and infrared camera data capture and analysis) were conducted to assess ignition and burn behavior. Cone calorimeter results indicated substantial reductions in the peak heat release rates for all flame‐retarded samples but with reduced ignition times and increased flame out times. Smoke generation was suppressed in the presence of expandable graphite. Infrared and video data from open flame fire tests indicated cohesive bonding of expanded strings and thermal shielding properties in all binary systems. All binary systems delivered fire retardation exceeding any of the single fire retardant compounds. They were also able to withstand higher temperatures before ignition, burn through, or sag occurred. All ethylenediamine phosphate‐containing binary systems prevented sample burn through, maintaining structural integrity of samples until eventual melting of the polymer media occurred. Thermogravimetric analysis laser pyrolysis results confirmed the good thermal shielding imparted by the intumescent additives. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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采用有机膦系阻燃剂(OP)对再生聚酯(RPET)进行熔融共混挤出造粒,将切片干燥,熔融纺丝制备改性RPET纤维,研究了改性RPET的性能。结果表明:在RPET中加入阻燃剂OP,得到的改性RPET熔点下降,玻璃化转变温度和结晶温度上升,改性RPET纤维强度下降,阻燃性能提高;当阻燃剂OP质量分数为4.7%,拉伸倍数为3.3时,制得的改性REPT纤维的断裂强度为2.2 cN/dtex,断裂伸长率为44%,极限氧指数为27.1%;当OP质量分数为5.9%时,改性RPET纤维的极限氧指数为28.3%。 相似文献
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采用多羟基、多羧基的活性天然产物茶皂素为原料,与聚磷酸铵和季戊四醇在一定条件下反应,制备一种聚磷酸酯类茶皂素基三位一体新型环保膨胀型阻燃剂。采用傅里叶红外分析技术对阻燃剂进行了结构表征,采用综合热分析仪对阻燃剂的热降解性能进行了研究。结果表明,茶皂素与聚磷酸铵、季戊四醇发生反应,生成聚磷酸酯类茶皂素基膨胀型阻燃剂,且该阻燃剂具有良好的热稳定性,降解热释放较小,高温残留率高,最终的质量残留率高达30.77%。将制备阻燃剂用于阻燃涂料中,并采用氧指数测试仪和锥形量热仪研究了阻燃涂料的阻燃性能和热解性能。研究表明,茶皂素基三位一体膨胀型阻燃剂能显著提高涂料的阻燃性能,阻燃涂料的氧指数值高达34.2%,耐火时间为11.1 min,且锥形量热实验中,该阻燃涂料试样的平均热释放速率(m-HRR)为36.18 kW/m2,总热释放量(THR)为5.25 kJ/m2,平均有效燃烧热(m-EHC)为5.11 kJ/kg,与含复合型阻燃剂的阻燃涂料试样相比,阻燃性能得到极大提高。该制备阻燃剂不含卤素,集三源一体,具有阻燃性能优越,相容性能良好,高效环保等优点。 相似文献