Internal Structure of Cambrian Fossil Embryo Markuelia Revealed in the Light of Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Tomographic Microscopy

In the light of Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Tomographic Microscopy (SRXTM), the internal structure of Markuelia hunanensis is revealed. In one example, vitrification and peeling show the annuli hidden under the chorion. Sectioning and 3-D reconstruction display an intact digestive tract from the inverted introvert to the terminal anus. The inverted introvert forms a rugby cavum. The following digestive tract is rope-like coiling, parallel to the body axis, about 650 um in length, and uniform in diameter (~80 μm). An exquisitely preserved pipe-like structure is hidden in the middle of the rope-like structure, diameter 20-40 μm, with a length of ～120 μm. We interpret this pipe-like structure as the possible epidermis of the gut and its surroundings as the possible residue of musculature, similar to that in Priapulans. The two symmetrical rod-shape structures connecting the body wall and digestive tract are interpreted as the possible retractor muscles. After comparing the well preserved Left-form and Right-form Body of Markuelia, we suggest that they may represent a dimorphism. Counted directly, one sample of Markuelia hunanensis possesses 62 annulations and the other 68.     

提拉法生长立方相KTa1-xNbxO3晶体

报道了用提拉法在KNbO3-KTaO3固熔体体系中生长立方相KTa10xNbxO3晶体。实验采用两种不同的原始配料生长晶体：即生长组分分别为KNbO3：KTaO3（摩尔分数）=0．35：0．65和0．45：0．55，分别得到x=0．14和0．19的KTN晶体，晶体尺寸可达厘米级。分析了晶体的形态特征和宏观缺陷并讨论了各种缺陷的形成机制；利用JXA-8800电子探针技术测定了晶体组分；讨论了影响晶体生长的多种条件。发现温场和提拉速度是影响KTN晶体生长和质量的主要因素。     

Observed emotional involvement and overinvolvement in families of patients with bipolar disorder.

Many studies have examined the construct validity of the criticism component of expressed emotion, but little work has been done on clarifying the emotional overinvolvement (EOI) construct. In a sample of 115 recently episodic patients with bipolar disorder, the authors of the present study examined the construct validity of an observational coding system for both appropriate and inappropriate emotional involvement that permitted separate ratings for relatives' intrusiveness, self-sacrificing behaviors, and distress related to the patient's well-being. Findings support the measure's reliability and convergent validity and are moderately supportive of the measure's discriminant validity. Results also suggest that Camberwell Family Interview (C. E. Vaughn & J. P. Leff, 1976) EOI ratings do not discriminate among the different dimensions of the emotional involvement construct (or their appropriateness or inappropriateness) as revealed in laboratory-based interactions. The findings suggest that clinicians working with such families might consider differentiating among the various ways in which family members are involved with the patient and helping them learn to judge under what circumstances such involvement is appropriate and inappropriate. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Growth of phosphorus concentrating phase in modified steelmaking slags

Abstract

Recycling steel slag to metallurgical process requires removing phosphorus from slag. In this paper, solidification experiments of converter slag modified by SiO₂ at three isothermal temperatures with several durations were performed at air conditions from superheating temperature (1520°C). Grain size evolution of P concentrating phase (C₂S, dicalcium silicate) was investigated. Results show that crystal size distributions of C₂S can be fitted by lognormal distributions, the average size of C₂S increases with increasing dwelling time and grows faster at higher holding temperature, and the relationship between average size of C₂S and holding time can be best described by equation D?=?kt^m. It is concluded that the growth mechanism of C₂S is diffusion controlled, and higher isothermal temperature promotes the growth of C₂S.

Le recyclage de la scorie de l’acier par un procédé métallurgique nécessite l’enlèvement du phosphore de la scorie. Dans cet article, on discute d’expériences de solidification de scorie de convertisseur modifiée par du SiO₄ à trois températures isothermes avec durées variées, effectuées à l’air à partir d’une température de surchauffage (1520°C). On a examiné l’évolution de la taille de grain de la phase de concentration du P (C₂S, silicate dicalcique). Les résultats montrent que l’on peut ajuster les distributions de la taille de cristal (CSD) du C₂S à une distribution log-normale, que la taille moyenne du C₂S augmente avec l’augmentation du temps de résidence et croît plus vite à une température plus élevée de rétention et que la relation entre la taille moyenne du C₂S et la durée de rétention est bien décrite par l’équation D?=?kt^m. On conclut que le mécanisme de croissance du C₂S est contrôlé par la diffusion et que la température isotherme la plus élevée favorise la croissance du C₂S.     

Mathematical modelling of wustite pellet reduction: grain model in comparison with USCM

A mathematical time-dependent and non-isothermal model has been carried out on the basis of the grain model to study the behaviour of a wustite pellet undergoing chemical reactions with reducing gases. The behaviour of wustite pellet reduction analysed by the grain model has been compared with unreacted shrinking core model (USCM). The results show, unlike the grain model, USCM cannot properly predict the impact of gas mixture parameters and pellet characteristics on the local reduction degree. The results also display that when the grain diameter, temperature and tortuosity increase, the diffusivity resistance in the pellet increases which causes more heterogeneous reduction. However, an increment in porosity causes gases to easily diffuse in the pellet and as a result a less heterogeneous reduction will occur.     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定铁硅铝磁芯中铝和硅

使用盐酸-硝酸-氢氟酸并采用微波消解法处理样品,选择Al 308.215nm和Si212.412nm作为分析线,基体匹配法配制标准溶液系列绘制校准曲线,使用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定铝和硅,从而建立了微波消解-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定铁硅铝磁芯中铝和硅的方法。结果表明,铝和硅的质量分数分别为1.00%~9.00%和2.50%~12.50%时与其发射强度呈线性,线性相关系数均不小于0.999 4;方法中铝和硅的检出限分别为0.020%和0.021%(质量分数)。实验方法应用于铁硅铝磁芯样品中铝和硅的测定,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为1.4%~2.2%;将测定结果与滴定法(测定铝)和重量法(测定硅)的测定结果进行比对,二者相吻合。