荷移反应-紫外分光光度法测定尿酸

本文采用紫外分光光度法研究了尿酸与四氰乙烯之间的荷移反应。尿酸与四氰乙烯可以形成淡绿色的荷移配合物,其配合比为1∶2。在测定波长395 nm处,该配合物的表观摩尔吸光系数ε=6.24×104L.mol-1.cm-1,方法线性范围为5.7×10-7~5.7×10-6mol.L-1。应用本法测定了人体代谢物中尿酸的含量,回收率为96.4%~110.5%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.98%(n=7)。     

克拉霉素与苯基荧光酮的荷移反应及其测定

本文建立了一种测定克拉霉素的荷移分光光度法,克拉霉素与苯基荧光酮(PF)在乙醇溶液中发生荷移反应,荷移络合物在波长519nm处有最大吸收,其表观摩尔吸光系数为1.70×104 L·mol-1·cm-1,荷移络合物的组成比为1∶1,稳定常数为2.86×104,药物浓度在5.0×10-6~7.0×10-5 mol/L范围内服从比耳定律,当克拉霉素浓度为4.0×10-5 mol/L时,8次测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.46%,检出限为6.0×10-7 mol/L。利用该法测定了克拉霉素胶囊中有效成分的含量,回收率大于98%以上。     

三聚氰胺对吖啶橙-茜素红体系的荧光猝灭效应及其在药物分析中的应用

研究发现,在p H 6.0酸性条件下,当茜素红和吖啶橙混合时,茜素红能使吖啶橙的荧光少量猝灭。加入适量三聚氰胺后,由于其分子是一个富电子的大π键结构,可与电子接受体的茜素红发生荷移反应形成络合物。该络合物与吖啶橙之间能够发生有效能量转移,从而使吖啶橙的荧光强度减弱更明显,且其荧光信号的减弱程度与三聚氰胺的加入量呈良好线性关系。据此建立了吖啶橙-茜素红体系荧光猝灭法测定三聚氰胺含量的新方法。在优化条件下,三聚氰胺的线性范围为3.38×10-7~2.40×10-4mol·L-1,检出限为1.02×10-7mol·L-1,方法精密度为1.1%。该方法用于市售牛奶及奶粉中三聚氰胺的测定,其回收率为97.7%~102%。该方法成本低、简单、快速、准确。同时,通过紫外可见光谱法对方法机理做了深入探讨。     

表面活性剂增稳荷移光度法测定头孢拉定

采用分光光度法研究了头孢拉定与四氯苯醌的荷移反应。以正丙醇为介质,于pH 9.00的硼砂缓冲液中,以十二烷基苯磺酸钠为增稳剂,四氯苯醌和头孢拉定形成1∶1型稳定的荷移络合物,最大吸收波长在363 nm处,线性范围为1.8×10-6~2.0×10-8mol/L,检出限为9.6×10-9mol/L。方法用于药物制剂中头孢拉定含量的测定,平均回收率为98%。     

胱氨酸与7,7,8,8-四氰基对苯醌二甲叉的荷移反应研究

采用分光光度法研究了胱氨酸与7,7,8,8-四氰基对苯醌二甲叉(TCNQ)的荷移反应。通过实验可知,在硼砂缓冲溶液中,室温下反应30min可获得稳定的1∶1的络合物,其λmax=425nm,表观摩尔吸光系数ε=4.4×103 L·mol-1·cm-1,线性范围为10~40μg·mL-1,探讨了荷移反应的机理,研究了该荷移络合物的结合常数和热力学性质。应用拟定的方法测定了胱氨酸片中胱氨酸的含量,经t-检验法检验,结果与文献方法无显著性差异,回收率为94.54%~101.2%。     

百里酚蓝荷移分光光度法测定注射用磷霉素钠含量

利用注射用磷霉素钠与百里酚蓝在乙醇介质发生荷移反应,建立了荷移分光光度法测定注射用磷霉素钠含量的方法。结果表明,荷移反应生成3∶1型配合物,最大吸收波长为441 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为ε=9.21×103L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),注射用磷霉素钠测定线性范围为0.123~22.53 mg·L~(-1),线性回归方程为A=0.2070+0.03158C(C为mg·L~(-1)),用拟定的方法对注射用磷霉素钠进行了含量测定,结果与文献方法一致,平均回收率99.4%。     

奥硝唑与氯醌酸的荷移反应研究

研究了奥硝唑与氯醌酸在正丙醇介质的荷移反应,建立了一种快速简便测定奥硝唑的荷移分光光度法.在室温下,荷移反应生成2∶1的荷移络合物,最大吸收波长为534nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为ε=1.08×104 L·mol-1·cm-1.奥硝唑的浓度在5.0~83mg/L范围内服从比尔定律,相关系数r=0.999 3,相对标准偏差为1.3%~2.1%,回收率为99.1%~101.7%.     

克拉霉素与百里酚蓝荷移配合物的光度分析研究

利用克拉霉素与百里酚蓝在乙醇介质发生荷移反应,建立了荷移分光光度法测定克拉霉素含量的方法.结果表明,荷移反应生成1∶1型配合物,最大吸收波长为442 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为ε=1.66×104L·mol-1·cm-1,克拉霉素测定线性范围为8.278～57.59 mg/L.     

甲氧氯普胺与紫色素的荷移反应及其测定

研究了甲氧氯普胺与紫色素之间的荷移反应。确定了反应条件,建立了一种快速简便测定甲氧氯普胺的荷移分光光度法。实验表明,甲氧氯普胺与紫色素在乙醇介质中,室温条件下即可形成稳定的1∶1型荷移络合物,该络合物的λmax=540 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为4.32×103L.mol-1.cm-1。测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.45%(n=6),回收率为98.3%~105.1%。     

阿奇霉素与百里香酚蓝的荷移反应及其在药物测定中的应用

基于阿奇霉素与百里香酚蓝在无水乙醇介质中可以发生荷移反应,建立了测定阿奇霉素的新方法.在无水乙醇溶剂中,阿奇霉素与百里香酚蓝发生荷移反应,其荷移络合物在550 nm处有最大吸收峰.由吸光度测定阿奇霉素的含量.表观摩尔吸光系数ε=8.5×103 L·mol-1·cm-1,络合物组成比为1:2.稳定常数为1.0×1010,阿奇霉素质量浓度在2.52～21.0μg/mL内与吸光度呈良好的线性关系,线性回归方程为A=-0.02242+0..167ρ(μg/mL),线性相关系数R=0.9994,检出限(3ρ/k)为2.52μg/mL,相对标准偏差为1.4%.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.