Bilateral juvenile xanthogranuloma of the iris.

Juvenile xanthogranuloma of the iris has only twice before been reported as occurring bilaterally. In this present bilateral case, treatment with steroids and irradiation was sucessful in eradicating the lesion from the lesser affected eye.     

Solitary spindle-cell xanthogranuloma of the eyelid

PURPOSE: To describe a rare presentation of a solitary spindle-cell xanthogranuloma in a 3-year-old boy with a 6-month history of a right upper lid soft tissue lesion. DESIGN: Interventional case report. METHODS: An excisional full-thickness biopsy of the right upper lid was performed. Histologic examination and immunohistochemistry of the specimen were performed. RESULTS: Histopathologic evaluation revealed a well-demarcated nodule arising from the tarsus that contained a storiform array of spindle cells admixed with numerous multinucleated giant cells (some Touton type) and lymphocytes. The spindle cells labeled with antibodies to Factor XIIIa, CD68, lysozyme, Mac 387, and vimentin. The multinucleate giant cells labeled with CD68, lysozyme, and vimentin. Findings were consistent with the diagnosis of solitary spindle-cell xanthogranuloma. CONCLUSIONS: Spindle-cell xanthogranuloma resembles juvenile xanthogranuloma and fibrous histiocytoma (dermatofibroma) and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of spindle-cell tumors of the eyelid and periocular region. If similar lesions are noted elsewhere, the diagnosis of progressive nodular histiocytoma should be considered.     

On the knowledge of solitary juvenile xanthogranuloma of the eyelid: a case series and literature review

Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology - Solitary eyelid juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is extremely rare, and there is limited literature on its clinical features and...     

儿童屈光不正性弱视的散光状态分析

目的探讨儿童屈光不正性弱视与散光状态的关系。方法对１７２例３１２只屈光不正性弱视眼的散光类型、散光程度和散光参差度进行统计分析。结果屈光不正性弱视的散光类型以复合远视散光最多（３０．１％）,其次为复合近视散光（２４．４％）和混合散光（１８．３％）。结论导致屈光不正性弱视的散光度：单纯近视散光为１．６２±０．５２Ｄ,单纯远视散光为１．５３±０．４８Ｄ,散光参差度为１．２８±０．３３Ｄ,复合远、近视和混合散光的最低球、柱镜度数均为０．５～１．０Ｄ。     

Radiotherapy in juvenile xanthogranuloma of the iris

Nevoxanthoendotheliomas (and juvenile xanthogranulomas) are very rare benign skin diseases which occur in infants. An ocular manifestation, mainly in the iris, has been found in approximately. 10% of the cases, The clinical picture is characterized by a recurrent unilateral hemorrhage of the anterior chamber, which is the reason for seeing an ophthalmologist. The clinical diagnosis of juvenile xanthogranuloma is based on the characteristic iris changes - heterochromia, circumscribed vascularized tumor, or diffuse thickening of the iris. Sometimes elevated intraocular pressure is also found. In combination with a mild local steroid, radiotherapy with 300 to 400 cGy should be started immediately in order to prevent a sometimes uncontrollable secondary glaucoma. The good results achieved in 5 of the authors' own cases underline the value of low-dose radiotherapy in this disease: the affected eye was healed in all 5 cases.     

Early treatment of juvenile xanthogranuloma of the iris with subconjunctival steroids.

Five infants with biopsy proved juvenile xanthogranuloma of the iris were reviewed. Early treatment with subconjunctival injection of steroids and topical steroid drops resulted in regression of the lesion in four patients. One patient, reviewed at the age of 8 months after glaucoma which had developed secondary to the iris xanthogranuloma, had been treated by surgery alone: the visual outcome was very poor.     

Necrotizing fasciitis of eyelid secondary to parotitis

PURPOSE: Evaluation of a patient with necrotizing fasciitis of the eyelid spreading from parotid gland. METHODS: Interventional case report. The patient admitted with rapidly progressive swelling, redness, and pain of four eyelids, and whole face. Pathogenic microorganism was searched, laboratory tests were evaluated. Intensive medical treatment and necrotic wound debridement was performed. RESULTS: The patient had been receiving oral cephalosporin at the time she was referred to our hospital, but her infection had spread rapidly under this treatment. In addition to her eyelid necrosis, septic shock developed within 24 hours. No pathogenic microorganism was detected in cultures. The patient responded to intravenous sulbactam ampicillin, surgical debridement of necrotic wound and supportive medical care. Moderate ptosis was the only complication observed in this patient. Reconstructive surgery was not needed. CONCLUSIONS: With prompt antibiotic treatment and surgical debridement, cosmetic and functional success may be obtained in necrotizing fasciitis cases rarely seen with parotid gland origin.     

硬性透气性角膜接触镜对散光性弱视的矫治作用

目的评价硬性透气性角膜接触镜（rigid gas per-meable contact lens,RGPCL）对儿童散光性弱视的矫治作用及其安全性。方法选取框架眼镜矫治效果欠佳的儿童散光性弱视23例（46眼）,其中,单纯远视性散光5眼,复合远视性散光23眼,复合近视性散光14眼,混合散光4眼。依据框架眼镜矫正视力分为轻度弱视组（13眼）,中度弱视组（22眼）,重度弱视组（11眼）。所有患儿配戴高透气性RGPCL,随访12个月,观察其矫治作用。结果配戴RGPCL即时,矫正视力较框架眼镜提高1～4行,平均（2.7±0.9）行,达到或超过5.0者7眼（15.22%）。12个月后,28眼（60.87%）的矫正视力≥5.0,其中,轻度弱视组11眼（84.62%）,中度弱视组17眼（77.27%）,重度弱视组无一眼达到5.0。观察期内无严重角、结膜损伤以及感染等并发症发生,无因不能耐受而停戴者。结论RGPCL对儿童散光性弱视的矫治是有效而安全的,框架眼镜矫治效果欠佳者可优先选择RGPCL。     

A longitudinal study of a population based sample of astigmatic children. I. Refraction and amblyopia

The refraction changes in 310 children with astigmatism greater than or equal to 1.0 D in at least one eye at one year of age were followed during a period of 3 years. At the age 4 years amblyopia was found in 23 children (7%). The refraction data of these children were compared to the rest of the sample. We found that an increasing astigmatism during the test period was associated with an increased risk to develop amblyopia. The majority of children (n = 280) showed a decrease of their astigmatism, whereas all cases with a marked amblyopia (V.A. less than 0.5) or binocular amblyopia, except one, had an increasing or unchanged astigmatism during the age period 1 to 4 years. Strabismus and oblique astigmatism at any time during the test period was also strongly related to amblyopia. The incidence of strabismus (1%) was unexpectedly low. The study also showed that independent of age there was no simple relationship between amblyopia and refraction errors measured at a single test session. The main conclusion of this study is that failure of emmetropization may play an important role in visual development.