现代产品设计中的适当设计理念

论证了在现代产品设计中提出适当设计理念的理由,阐述了适当设计的本质含义.并从消费需求、产品的功能、材料及造型等4个方面,对适当设计的具体运作方法进行了比较详细的分析和研究.同时也指出了,利用适当设计,可使产品能最准确地满足目标群体最真实、最合理的消费需求,以缓解当前因产品的过度设计所带来种种问题.     

Why mechanical design cannot be like VLSI design

It is widely agreed that the design methods and computer support of VLSI design are generally more mature than those of mechanical items. Why is this so, and is there any hope of the gap being significantly closed? This paper argues that there are fundamental reasons, that is, reasons based on natural phenomena, that keep mechanical design from approaching the ideal of VLSI design methods. The argument is accompanied by examples and brief histories of the evolution of VLSI design methods and attempts to systemize mechanical design. Brief attention is also given to the paradoxical fact that VLSI design itself is currently receding from the ideal and taking on the flavor and problems of mechanical design. This paper is based on several reports and working papers with limited circulation. The one relied on primarily is Whitney et al. (C.S. Draper Lab Report R-2577, Dec., 1993). The author wishes to acknowledge the contributions of his co-authors of that report. He also acknowledges the many discussions he had with people mentioned in the footnotes who enriched his approach to this topic.     

An integration design optimization framework of robust design,axiomatic design,and reliability‐based design

Robust design, axiomatic design, and reliability‐based design provide effective approaches to deal with quality problems, and their integration will achieve better quality improvement. An integration design optimization framework of robust design, axiomatic design, and reliability‐based design is proposed in this paper. First, the fitted response model of each quality characteristic is obtained by response surface methodology and the mean square error (MSE) estimation is given by a second‐order Taylor series approximation expansion. Then the multiple quality characteristics robust design model is developed by the MSE criteria. Finally, the independence axiom constraints for decoupling and reliability constraints are integrated into the multiple quality characteristics robust design model, and the integration design optimization framework is formulated, where the weighted Tchebycheff approach is adopted to solve the multiple objective programming. An illustrative example is presented at the end, and the results show that the proposed approach can obtain better trade‐offs among conflicting quality characteristics, variability, coupling degree and reliability requirements. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

包装容器形态仿生设计

通过例子分析了仿生设计与包装容器形态之间的密切关系,从具象形态仿生设计和抽象形态仿生设计2个方面,对包装容器形态仿生设计在包装中的应用进行了分析和探讨,以达到创新设计的目的,真正做到实用与审美的统一.指出包装设计中的仿生设计极大地丰富了包装设计的设计方法,赋予了产品鲜明的个性形象,并提升了包装的魅力.     

On knowing design

Designing is an activity that occurs whenever humans create things. Essential to that activity is the design problem information, the information that gives substance to the problem and guides the designer in his or her efforts to solve it. The character of this information determines the nature of the solutions that are possible.     

Quality perceptions of design journals: The design scholars’ perspective

The primary objectives of this study were to identify a set of journals that report on industrial design research and to propose quality rankings of those journals. Based on an online survey, design journals were assessed in terms of two quality metrics: popularity and indexed average rank position. We find that both general and specialized design journals are highly valued and that geographic origin and academic background can be related with journal rankings. The results of the study offer a guide to both evaluators and those evaluated when judging or selecting research outlets.     

Reliable design space and complete single-loop reliability-based design optimization

Reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) has been intensively studied due to its significance and its conceptual and mathematical complexity. This paper proposes a new method for RBDO on the basis of the concept of reliable design space (RDS), within which any design satisfies the reliability requirements. Therefore, a RBDO problem becomes a simple, deterministic optimization problem constrained by RDS rather than its deterministic feasible space. The RDS is found in this work by using the partial derivatives at the current design point as an approximation of the derivatives at its corresponding most probable point (MPP) on the limit state function. This work completely resolves the double loop in RBDO and turns RBDO into a simple optimization problem. Well-known problems from the literature are selected to illustrate the steps of the approach and for result comparison. Discussions will also be given on the limitation of the proposed method, which is shown to be a common limitation overlooked by the research community on RBDO.     

Quantifying game design

There is at present a conspicuous need for formal evaluative methods which designers of video and computer games can use in order better to understand the elusive factors which lead to good gameplay mechanics. This paper presents the results of an empirical study which has been used to establish a practical quantitative procedure for analysing and comparing certain gameplay characteristics of rally (driving) games, and thus of determining objectively characteristics which are typical of such games at various levels of quality and type. The information offered can be used by games developers as pointers to building into their products a superior gameplay which potentially makes for better reputations and increased sales.     

A semi-analytic approach to robust design in the conceptual design phase

One of the most important contributions to quality engineering over the last decades is the concept of robust design and its accomplishment through the use of various experimental methods. However, the prerequisite for successful parameter design in terms of a robust solution principle is seldom discussed. Methods that explicitly aid robust design in the conceptual design phase exist but are few. This article forwards the suggestion to use the principles behind the error transmission formula as a semi-analytic method for evaluation of robustness of concept solutions, prior to entering Taguchi's parameter design stage.