Telodendrimer nanocarrier for co-delivery of paclitaxel and cisplatin: A synergistic combination nanotherapy for ovarian cancer treatment

Cisplatin (CDDP) and paclitaxel (PTX) are two established chemotherapeutic drugs used in combination for the treatment of many cancers, including ovarian cancer. We have recently developed a three-layered linear-dendritic telodendrimer micelles (TM) by introducing carboxylic acid groups in the adjacent layer via “thio-ene” click chemistry for CDDP complexation and conjugating cholic acids via peptide chemistry in the interior layer of telodendrimer for PTX encapsulation. We hypothesize that the co-delivery of low dosage PTX with CDDP could act synergistically to increase the treatment efficacy and reduce their toxic side effects. This design allowed us to co-deliver PTX and CDDP at various drug ratios to ovarian cancer cells. The in vitro cellular assays revealed strongest synergism in anti-tumor effects when delivered at a 1:2 PTX/CDDP loading ratio. Using the SKOV-3 ovarian cancer xenograft mouse model, we demonstrate that our co-encapsulation approach resulted in an efficient tumor-targeted drug delivery, decreased cytotoxic effects and stronger anti-tumor effect, when compared with free drug combination or the single loading TM formulations.     

Multifunctional QD-based co-delivery of siRNA and doxorubicin to HeLa cells for reversal of multidrug resistance and real-time tracking

Co-delivery of siRNA and chemotherapeutic agents has been developed to combat multidrug resistance in cancer therapy. Recently, we developed a series of quantum dots (QDs) functionalized by β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) coupled to amino acids, some of which can be used to facilitate the delivery of siRNA. In this study, two CdSe/ZnSe QDs modified with β-CD coupled to L-Arg or L-His were used to simultaneously deliver doxorubicin (Dox) and siRNA targeting the MDR1 gene to reverse the multidrug resistance of HeLa cells. In this co-delivery system, Dox was firstly encapsulated into the hydrophobic cavities of β-CD, resulting in bypass of P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated drug efflux. After complex formation of the mdr1 siRNA with Dox-loaded QDs via electrostatic interaction, significant down-regulation of mdr1 mRNA levels and P-gp expression was achieved as shown by RT-PCR and Western blotting experiments, respectively. The number of apoptotic HeLa cells after treatment with the complexes substantially exceeded the number of apoptotic cells induced by free Dox only. The intrinsic fluorescence of the QDs provided an approach to track the system by laser confocal microscopy. These multifunctional QDs are promising vehicles for the co-delivery of nucleic acids and chemotherapeutics and for real-time tracking of treatment.     

Drug-loaded gold plasmonic nanoparticles for treatment of multidrug resistance in cancer

To investigate the possibility of treating multidrug-resistant tumors with targeted chemo-photothermal treatment, we conducted in vitro and in vivo studies using a doxorubicin (DOX)-resistant DLD-1 cell line (DLD-1/DOX) and nude mice with human xenograft tumors, respectively. The chemo-photothermal treatment consisted of DOX-loaded-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)–Au half-shell nanoparticles with targeting moieties of anti-death receptor-4 monoclonal antibody conjugated to the Au surface. The cells or xenografted tumors treated with nanoparticles were exposed to near infrared light for 10 min, which caused an increase in temperature to 45 °C. Chemo-photothermal treatment resulted in a large reduction in the rate of tumor xenograft growth on DLD-1/DOX tumor-bearing mice with a much smaller dose of DOX than conventional DOX chemotherapy. These results demonstrate that targeted chemo-photothermal treatment can provide high therapeutic efficacy and low toxicity in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tumors.     

人喉癌长春新碱耐药细胞株的建立及其生物学特性

目的:建立人喉癌长春新碱多药耐药细胞系。方法:以药物浓度梯度递增法诱导筛选人喉癌Hep-2的多药耐药细胞株Hep-2/v,比较两组细胞的形态和倍增时间;MTT法确定细胞的IC50及其耐药指数;流式细胞仪检测两组细胞的细胞周期分布以及细胞内的罗丹明聚集情况;实时定量RT-PCR法检测MDR1基因的mRNA表达,Western blot法检测相应的蛋白表达情况。结果:建成的Hep-2/v耐药细胞株,其耐药性能稳定,耐药指数为45,并与顺铂及5-氟尿嘧啶有不同程度的交叉耐药性;Hep-2/v的体外群体细胞倍增时间较亲代细胞延长13.58小时;细胞周期分析结果显示其G0/G1期细胞升高,而S期细胞则明显降低(P0.05);罗丹明染色显示,Hep-2细胞内的罗丹明较Hep-2/v明显升高(P0.01);Hep-2/v细胞MDR1表达在基因及蛋白水平明显高于Hep-2细胞(P0.01)。结论:Hep-2/v细胞株具有明确及稳定的多药耐药性,是研究多药耐药机制及筛选逆转剂的良好模型。     

Reversion of multidrug resistance by a pH-responsive cyclodextrin-derived nanomedicine in drug resistant cancer cells

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the major problems responsible for inefficiency of cancer chemotherapy. Currently, there is still unmet demand for innovative strategies as well as effective and safe sensitizers to overcome MDR. In this study, we developed a nanosensitizer based on a pH-responsive nanoparticle (NP) derived from acetalated α-cyclodextrin (Ac-aCD). This pH-responsive NP could be effectively endocytosed by MDR cancer cells, and intracellularly transported by endolysosomal compartments. Ac-aCD NP was able to dramatically potentiate the activity of anticancer drugs including paclitaxel, docetaxel, cis-diamminedichloroplatinum, camptothecin, and doxorubicin. This sensitizing capability of Ac-aCD NP on MDR cells was resulted from the combined effects of decreased Pgp expression, attenuated Pgp ATPase activity, and the reduced intracellular ATP level. Ac-aCD NP exerted these diverse biological functions by intracellularly released α-cyclodextrin molecules, which were produced due to hydrolysis of Ac-aCD in acidic subcellular organelle. On the other hand, treatment with Ac-aCD NP showed no significant effects on the integrity of the plasma membrane, cytoskeleton, cell cycle, mitochondrial membrane potential, and apoptosis. These findings suggest that this pH-responsive NP has great potential for effective therapy of resistant cancers by combining with chemotherapeutic agents. It may also serve as a pharmacologically active nanocarrier for intracellular delivery of a plethora of antitumor drugs.     

靶向MDR1基因的RNAi稳定逆转结肠癌细胞的多药耐药性

目的： 探讨靶向多药耐药蛋白-1 (MDR1)基因的RNA干扰（RNAi）对结肠癌细胞MDR1/P-gp依赖的多药耐药性的稳定逆转作用。方法：分别构建含编码#4029 MDR1 siRNA和#4123 MDR1 siRNA的质粒载体,并转染COLO 320DM结肠癌多药耐药细胞,采用G418筛选克隆细胞,经实时定量RT-PCR及Western blotting鉴定阳性克隆细胞。MTT法检测细胞活力并计算各抗肿瘤药的IC50。流式细胞术检测细胞周期并计算PI/AI值。流式细胞仪测定细胞内adriamycin药物累积浓度。结果：阳性克隆细胞（clone #4029和clone #4123）的MDR1 mRNA和P-gp的表达均被抑制。COLO 320DM结肠癌亲本细胞adriamycin及vincristine的IC50分别为9.616 μmol/L和0.358 μmol/L,而clone #4029的IC50分别降至1.094 μmol/L和0.023 μmol/L（P<0.01）,clone #4123的IC50分别降至0.780 μmol/L和0.035 μmol/L（P<0.01）。COLO 320DM结肠癌亲本细胞用adriamycin及vincristine处理后其PI/AI值分别为5.68及9.59,而clone #4029的PI/AI值分别降至2.74及3.59（P<0.01）,clone #4123的PI/AI值分别降至2.75及3.24（P<0.01）。COLO 320DM结肠癌亲本细胞用10 μmol/L adriamycin处理后细胞内adriamycin累积浓度为27.92,而clone #4029及clone #4123细胞内adriamycin累积浓度分别增加至187.24和215.57（P<0.01）。结论：稳定转染含编码MDR1 siRNA的质粒载体能稳定逆转结肠癌细胞MDR1/P-gp依赖的多药耐药性。     

JAK2,HSP基因蛋白表达与卵巢癌紫杉醇化疗耐药相关性的研究

目的检测卵巢癌细胞株及紫杉醇化疗后卵巢癌组织中JAK2,HSP,基因蛋白表达的变化,探讨其与卵巢癌紫杉醇化疗耐药的关系及临床意义。方法选用卵巢癌紫杉醇耐药细胞株SKOV3/TAX及敏感细胞株SKOV3,及58例卵巢癌组织,包括卵巢癌术后及紫杉醇化疗后复发患者19例（化疗组）,术前未化疗患者39例（未化疗组）。采用免疫组化二步法,检测卵巢癌组织及细胞中JAK2,HSP基因的蛋白表达。结果 1.光镜下观察SKOV3/TAX细胞株中JAK2、HSP蛋白表达强度均明显高于SKOV3细胞株;组织中化疗组与未化疗组相比JAK2,HSP的蛋白表达累积光密度值均明显增加（分别为：36987.38±16873.42 vs 27756.29±7136.09;34905.64±12361.87 vs 26684.56±12662.24）,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。2.各基因蛋白表达在临床分期,分化程度和病理类型中均无显著性差异。3.JAK2、HSP基因蛋白表达两者间呈正相关关系（r=0.330,P=0.011）。结论 JAK2、HSP基因蛋白表达上调可能与卵巢癌紫杉醇化疗耐药有一定相关性。     

新型光敏剂治疗敏感及耐药胃癌的实验研究

目的 探讨一种新型光敏剂DTP对敏感胃癌细胞(SGC7901)及长春新碱耐药胃癌细胞(SGC7901/VCR)的光动力学治疗作用.方法 采用荧光显微镜间接确认SGC7901及SGC7901/VCR细胞膜上P-糖蛋白(P-gp)的表达情况,细胞计数试剂盒(CCK-8)检测DTP对SGC7901及SGC7901/VCR细胞的光动力学杀伤作用,荧光分光光度计测定两种细胞内的DTP吸收量,激光共聚焦显微镜观察DTP在两种细胞内的分布位置.结果 SGC7901细胞膜上几乎无P-gp分布,而SGC7901/VCR细胞膜上存在P-gp高表达.新型光敏剂DTP对SGC7901及SGC7901/VCR细胞均具有较强的光动力学杀伤作用,其中对SGC7901/VCR细胞的作用相对较弱(P＜0.05),且P-gp抑制剂维拉帕米或环孢素A的存在均不能增强DTP光动力学治疗对SGC7901/VCR细胞的杀伤作用(均P＞0.05).SGC7901细胞内的DTP吸收量高于SGC7901/VCR细胞(P＜0.05),且P-gp抑制剂维拉帕米和环孢素A均不能增加SGC7901/VCR细胞内的DTP吸收量(均P＞0.05).DTP分布于SG-C7901细胞的溶酶体以及SGC7901/VCR细胞的溶酶体和线粒体内.结论 新型光敏剂DTP并非多药转运蛋白P-gp的底物,其对SGC7901/VCR细胞较弱的光动力学杀伤作用与其细胞膜上过表达的P-gp无关,可能与DTP在两种细胞内的分布位置不同有关.     

转染肿瘤坏死因子-α及MDR1反义RNA逆转乳腺癌多药耐药的研究

目的：转染肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)cDNA和多药耐药基因(MDR1)的反义RNA到乳腺癌耐药细胞株MCF-7/ADR中进行表达，并观察它们在乳腺癌耐药逆转中的作用。 方法：应用RT-PCR和DNA重组技术构建反义绿色荧光蛋白pEGFP-MDR1融合蛋白表达载体和红色荧光蛋白pDsRed2-TNF-α融合蛋白表达载体，分别和同时导入乳腺癌耐药细胞株MCF-7/ADR中进行表达，检测转染前后细胞的生长曲线、细胞凋亡程度、MDR1-mRNA和P糖蛋白（P-gp）表达情况及对ADR敏感性的变化。 结果：转染后的细胞生长明显减慢，凋亡率显著增加，MDR1-mRNA和P糖蛋白（P-gp）表达明显降低，对ADR的耐药性明显下降，敏感性增加。 结论：联合运用不同的逆转耐药机制，将TNF-α cDNA及MDR1反义RNA分别或同时导入乳腺癌耐药细胞中，能有效达到逆转耐药的目的。     

环孢菌素D衍生物PSC833逆转K562/DOX细胞的凋亡抗性及其机制

 目的:研究环孢菌素D衍生物PSC833对K562/DOX细胞多药耐药的逆转作用。方法:MTT法进行阿霉素（doxorubicin, DOX）和长春新碱（vincristine, VCR）的细胞毒测定;流式细胞术测定细胞周期;Annexin V/PI双染流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡;活性氧测定以DCFH-DA标记,线粒体跨膜电位测定用JC-1标记,细胞内钙测定用Fluo-3/AM标记,均以流式细胞术检测;Western blotting法测定细胞色素C（Cyt C）、Bcl-2、Bax和cleaved caspase-3蛋白表达。结果:环孢菌素D衍生物PSC833能显著增强DOX/VCR的细胞毒作用,使细胞阻滞在G2/M期;通过降低线粒体膜电位,升高细胞内活性氧和Ca2+水平,释放Cyt C、下调Bcl-2、上调Bax、激活cleaved caspase-3,增加DOX诱导的耐药细胞凋亡。结论: PSC833与DOX合用后,可阻滞细胞周期于G2 /M期,通过线粒体通路诱导K562/DOX细胞凋亡。     

Identification of microRNAs and mRNAs associated with multidrug resistance of human laryngeal cancer Hep-2 cells

Multidrug resistance (MDR) poses a serious impediment to the success of chemotherapy for laryngeal cancer. To identify microRNAs and mRNAs associated with MDR of human laryngeal cancer Hep-2 cells, we developed a multidrug-resistant human laryngeal cancer subline, designated Hep-2/v, by exposing Hep-2 cells to stepwise increasing concentrations of vincristine (0.02-0.96''µM). Microarray assays were performed to compare the microRNA and mRNA expression profiles of Hep-2 and Hep-2/v cells. Compared to Hep-2 cells, Hep-2/v cells were more resistant to chemotherapy drugs (∼45-fold more resistant to vincristine, 5.1-fold more resistant to cisplatin, and 5.6-fold more resistant to 5-fluorouracil) and had a longer doubling time (42.33±1.76 vs 28.75±1.12''h, P<0.05), higher percentage of cells in G0/G1 phase (80.98±0.52 vs 69.14±0.89, P<0.05), increased efflux of rhodamine 123 (95.97±0.56 vs 12.40±0.44%, P<0.01), and up-regulated MDR1 expression. A total of 7 microRNAs and 605 mRNAs were differentially expressed between the two cell types. Of the differentially expressed mRNAs identified, regulator of G-protein signaling 10, high-temperature requirement protein A1, and nuclear protein 1 were found to be the putative targets of the differentially expressed microRNAs identified. These findings may open a new avenue for clarifying the mechanisms responsible for MDR in laryngeal cancer.     

Down-regulation of UTP23 promotes paclitaxel resistance and predicts poorer prognosis in ovarian cancer

ObjectiveFrequent resistance to paclitaxel and carboplatin based chemotherapy remains a therapeutic challenge in ovarian cancer. UTP23, a small sub-unit processome component, is down-regulated in a paclitaxel-resistant cell line SKOV3-TR30 compared with its parental SKOV3 cells based on our previous study. However, the specific mechanism of UTP23 in regulating ovarian cancer chemotherapy resistance remains largely unknown.MethodsImmunohistochemical (IHC) staining was used to measure UTP23 expression in 133 ovarian cancer tissues. Then we used short hairpin RNA (shRNA), over-expression plasmid and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay to evaluate the function of UTP23 on modulating paclitaxel resistance in ovarian cancer. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to find targeted downstream molecular of UTP23. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting were utilized to detect related genes expression.ResultsWe confirmed that UTP23 was down-regulated in both SKOV3-TR30 and A2780-TR cells compared with their parental cells. Decreased UTP23 expression was observed in ovarian cancer tissues with paclitaxel resistance. Moreover, lower expression of UTP23 was tightly correlated with patients of worse prognosis. Further UTP23 silence by shRNA increased paclitaxel resistance in SKOV3 and A2780 cells. And UTP23 over-expression by plasmid decreased paclitaxel resistance in SKOV3-TR30 and A2780-TR cells. Additionally, RNA-seq and qRT-PCR validation revealed that growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) was probably a downstream target for UTP23. GDF15 was notably up-regulated upon the depletion of UTP23 in both SKOV3 and A2780 cells.ConclusionOur findings elucidated a previously unknown function for UTP23 in regulating paclitaxel sensitivity and UTP23 could serve as a potential prognostic predictor for ovarian cancer.     

Co-delivery of hydrophobic paclitaxel and hydrophilic AURKA specific siRNA by redox-sensitive micelles for effective treatment of breast cancer

In this study, a novel redox-sensitive micellar system constructed from a hyaluronic acid-based amphiphilic conjugate (HA-ss-(OA-g-bPEI), HSOP) was successfully developed for tumor-targeted co-delivery of paclitaxel (PTX) and AURKA specific siRNA (si-AURKA). HSOP exhibited excellent loading capacities for both PTX and siRNA with adjustable dosing ratios and desirable redox-sensitivity independently verified by morphological changes of micelles alongside in vitro release of both drugs in different reducing environments. Moreover, flow cytometry and confocal microscopy analysis confirmed that HSOP micelles were capable of simultaneously delivering PTX and siRNA into MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells via HA-receptor mediated endocytosis followed by rapid transport of cargoes into the cytosol. Successful delivery and transport amplified the synergistic effects between the drugs while leading to substantially greater antitumor efficacy when compared with single drug-loaded micelles and non-sensitive co-loaded micelles. In vivo investigation demonstrated that HSOP micelles could effectively accumulate in tumor sites and possessed the greatest antitumor efficacy over non-sensitive co-delivery control and redox-sensitive single-drug controls. These findings indicated that redox-sensitive HSOP co-delivery system holds great promise for combined drug/gene treatment for targeted cancer therapy.     

Roles of ligand and TPGS of micelles in regulating internalization,penetration and accumulation against sensitive or resistant tumor and therapy for multidrug resistant tumors

There are several obstacles in the process of successful treatment of malignant tumors, including toxicity to normal cells, inefficiency of drug permeation and accumulation into the deep tissue of solid tumor, and multidrug resistance (MDR). In this work, we prepared docetaxel (DTX)-loaded hybrid micelles with DSPE–PEG and TPGS (TPGS/DTX-M), where TPGS serves as an effective P-gp inhibitor for overcoming MDR, and active targeting hybrid micelles (FA@TPGS/DTX-M) with targeting ligand of folate on the hybrid micelles surface offering active targeting to folate receptor-overexpressed tumor cells. A systematic comparative evaluation of these micelles on cellular internalization, sub-cellular distribution, antiproliferation, mitochondrial membrane potential, cell apoptosis and cell cycle, permeation and inhibition on 3-dimensional multicellular tumor spheroids, as well as antitumor efficacy and safety assay in vivo were well performed between sensitive KB tumors and resistant KBv tumors, and among P-gp substrate or not. We found that the roles of folate and TPGS varied due to the sensitivity of tumors and the loaded molecules in the micelles. Folate and folate receptor-mediated endocytosis played a leading role in internalization, permeation and accumulation for sensitive tumors and non-substrates of P-gp. On the contrary, TPGS played the predominant role which dramatically decreased the efflux of drugs both when the tumor is resistant and for P-gp substrate. These findings are very meaningful for guiding the design of carrier delivery system to treat tumors. The antitumor efficacy in xenograft nude mice model and safety assay showed that the TPGS/DTX-M and FA@TPGS/DTX-M significantly exhibited higher antitumor activity against resistant KBv tumors than the marketed formulation and normal micelles owing to the small size (approximately 20 nm), hydrophilic PEGylation, TPGS inhibition of P-gp function, and folate receptor-modified endocytosis, permeation and accumulation in solid tumor, as well as synergistic effects of DTX-induced cell division inhibition, growth restraint and TPGS-triggered mitochondrial apoptosis in tumor cells. In conclusion, folate-modified TPGS hybrid micelles provide a synergistic strategy for effective delivery of DTX into KBv cells and overcoming MDR.     

Therapy burden, drug resistance, and optimal treatment regimen for cancer chemotherapy

Email: boldrini{at}ime.unicamp.brAuthor to whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: michel{at}Incc.br Three nonlinear models of tumour cell growth under continuousdelivery of cycle nonspecific anticancer agents are studied.A dynamical optimization problem with the objective of minimizingthe final level of tumour cells is posed for these mathematicalsetups. The simplest setup does not possess toxicity constraints,whereas the other setups contain a dynamical equation describingthe therapy burden as a toxicity criterion. In addition, thethird setting contains the dynamics of drug resistant cells.A discussion conceming the optimal strategies of the respectivemodels is performed.     

Identification of polymorphic mutant alleles of CaMDR1, a major facilitator of Candida albicans which confers multidrug resistance, and its in vitro transcriptional activation

CaMDR1 (Candida albicans Multi Drug Resistance) encodes a major facilitator whose expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae confers resistance to several unrelated drugs. We describe here the identification and molecular characterization of seven mutant alleles of CaMDR1 (CaMDR1-1 to 1-7). The complete sequencing of CaMDR1 alleles revealed several in-frame point mutations leading to a change in amino-acid residues where insertion/replacement of an aspartate residue in a serine-asparagine-aspartate-rich domain was most noteworthy. Interestingly, these alleles showed a distinct drug resistance profile. The expression of CaMDR1, or of its alleles, in C. albicans cells was enhanced by benomyl, methotrexate and several other unrelated drugs, and was more pronounced in at least one of the azole-resistant clinical isolates. Received: 22 April / 18 June 1998     

Co-delivery of all-trans-retinoic acid and doxorubicin for cancer therapy with synergistic inhibition of cancer stem cells

Combination treatment through simultaneous delivery of two or more drugs with nanoparticles has been demonstrated to be an elegant and efficient approach for cancer therapy. Herein, we employ a combination therapy for eliminating both the bulk tumor cells and the rare cancer stem cells (CSCs) that have a high self-renewal capacity and play a critical role in cancer treatment failure. All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), a powerful differentiation agent of cancer stem cells and the clinically widely used chemotherapy agent doxorubicin (DOX) are simultaneously encapsulated in the same nanoparticle by a single emulsion method. It is demonstrated that ATRA and DOX simultaneous delivery-based therapy can efficiently deliver the drugs to both non-CSCs and CSCs to differentiate and kill the cancer cells. Differentiation of CSCs into non-CSCs can reduce their self-renewal capacity and increase their sensitivity to chemotherapy; with the combined therapy, a significantly improved anti-cancer effect is demonstrated. Administration of this combinational drug delivery system can markedly augment the enrichment of drugs both in tumor tissues and cancer stem cells, prodigiously enhancing the suppression of tumor growth while reduce the incidence of CSC in a synergistic manner.     

脐血间充质干细胞移植联合紫杉醇对卵巢癌A2780细胞增殖、 凋亡及侵袭的影响

BACKGROUND:An intensive study on ovarian cancer A2780 cells contributes to modify treatment strategies targeting ovarian cancer stem cells and enhance survival rate of ovarian cancer patients. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) transplantation combined with paclitaxel on proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion of A2780 human ovarian cancer cells in vitro. METHODS: A2780 human ovarian cancer cells were assigned into three groups: blank control group (routine cell culture), UC-MSCs group (addition of suspension containing 1×106 UC-MSCs) and combined treatment group (combined addition of suspension containing 1×106 UC-MSCs and 250 μL of 1 μmol/L paclitaxel solution). CD133+ antigen expression, proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion were determined by immunofluorescent staining, flow cytometry, TUNEL staining, and Transwell chamber invasion assay, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSON: CD133+ antigen expression in the UC-MSCs group and combined treatment group was significantly decreased compared with the blank control group (P < 0.05). Proliferation and invasion abilities were significantly decreased, while apoptosis cell number was significantly increased in the combined treatment group compared with the other two groups (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the combined treatment of UC-MSCs transplantation and paclitaxel can inhibit proliferation and invasion and promote apoptosis of A2780 human ovarian cancer cells. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

内源性IL-8诱导卵巢癌细胞对顺铂与紫杉醇产生耐药的机制研究

目的探讨内源性IL-8诱导卵巢癌细胞对顺铂和紫杉醇产生耐药的机制及相关信号转导通路。方法在原有工作基础上,以2种人卵巢癌细胞系A2780(不分泌IL-8,对顺铂、紫杉醇敏感)和SKOV-3(高分泌IL-8,对顺铂、紫杉醇耐药)为研究模型,分别将正义(sense,ss)IL-8基因或反义(antisense,as)IL-8基因稳定转染至A2780细胞或SKOV3细胞,应用MTT法、Caspase-3活性测定、RT-PCR及Western blot技术等观察内源性IL-8是否影响卵巢癌细胞对顺铂和紫杉醇的敏感性,并对其作用的机制和可能的信号传导通路进行研究。结果 1)内源性过表达IL-8可诱导A2780细胞对顺铂和紫杉醇产生耐药,而抑制IL-8表达可恢复SKOV3细胞对顺铂和紫杉醇的敏感性,IL-8诱导的卵巢癌细胞化疗耐药是通过降低Caspase-3活性来实现的;2)内源性过表达IL-8可上调A2780细胞的耐药相关基因MDR1和凋亡抑制基因Bcl-2、Bcl-xL及XIAP的表达,而抑制IL-8表达可使上述基因的表达明显降低;3)Wortmannin(PI3K抑制剂)和PD98059(MEK1/2抑制剂)能分别阻断IL-8诱导下卵巢癌细胞的Akt和ERK活化及化疗耐药作用。结论 IL-8诱导的卵巢癌细胞化疗耐药可能与其上调耐药相关基因MDR1和凋亡抑制基因Bcl-2、Bcl-xL及XIAP的表达以及活化Raf/MEK/ERK和PI3K/Akt信号通路相关,提示调节IL-8表达或其相关信号通路可能是治疗耐药性卵巢癌的一种良好策略。