加强科技支撑 提升疾控能力建设创新型疾控中心

马鞍山市疾病预防控制中心是顺应卫生体制改革需要,根据《中共中央国务院关于卫生改革与发展的决定》和卫生部《关于卫生监督体制改革的意见》,按照依法行政、政事分开和综合管理的原则于2000年10月组建成立的疾病控制机构。     

浅论科技创新与高层次创新人才的培养

文章从创新的概念入手,指出创新的关键是高新技术的产业化,创造是一种广义的创新;创新的关键是人才,当前人们在利用科技人才上存在一定误区;创新人才的培养关键要建立对创新的激励机制,不拘一格重用人才,我国已经在客观上具备了利于科技人才创新,致富的的条件,要着重培养科技人员的产业化意识和能力。     

基层创新体系建设的路径探析

基层创新是全面深化改革的利器,随着医疗体制改革过程的进一步深入,疾控传统形象在逐步向科技创新型转变。青年是创新的主力,疾控作为高校公共卫生相关专业的教学基地和公共卫生人员从业的平台,是医学转化、深入社区的先锋,如何在科技创新型疾控中培养公共卫生青年人才值得深入探讨。     

新世纪科技管理人才的素质培养

跨入21世纪，科技革命正在形成高潮，其发展速度呈指数上升。科技发展的关键是人才的培养，首先是管理人才的培养。面对新的形势，如何提高科技管理人员的综合素质，培养适应现代科技发展的管理人才已势在必行。（1）优化知识结构是基础，既要有广博的知识，又要有合理的知识结构；（2）提高科技才能是目的，包括决策能力，组织协调能力，创造能力和管理艺术的提高；（3）培养优良的思想品德，保证科技才能的转化和提高。通过这3方面的培养，努力提高科技管理人员综合素质，建立合理高效的科技管理队伍，才能适应现代科技发展的要求，促进科技的高速发展。     

提升医学职业素养 培养青年医学人才

目前,在医患矛盾日益突出的大背景下,公立医院要想获得竞争优势,必须培养服务核心竞争力,提升医学职业素养,从青年医学人才培养入手,才能求得生存和长期发展。笔者例举中国医科大学附属盛京医院设立职业素养提升主题年等一系列创新举措,为医院培养青年医学人才提供参考依据。     

以人为本指导创新型人才的培养

结合我院眼科教学实践中制约培养创新人才的因素，讨论新形势下促使人才培养的新观念和可行性，强调人性个体化教育，贯彻以人为本的科学发展观将是眼科学教学改革的指导性方针和教育的本质所在。     

浅谈网络时代疾控机构青年思想政治工作

<正>当今社会正在经历着由工业时代向网络信息时代的巨变。互联网是一个信息极其丰富的百科全书式的世界,为人们学习、交流、研究提供了丰富的资料,也开拓了人们的视野,大大丰富了人们的生活。同时,互联网作为一种信息自由传播的新载体,又传播着内容形式多样、难辨真伪的信息。互联网正不知不觉中改变着人们的生活方式、生活习惯和思维方式。在网络信息时代,积极研究和挖掘网络信息的积极特性,规避其不良属性,掌握教育引导的主动权,用     

实施“青蓝工程”培养青年医学人才的实践

常州市卫生系统“青蓝工程”是常州市卫生局于2001年底对优秀青年医生启动的人才培养工程。该工程的主要任务和目标是在常州市卫生系统内选拔一批政治素质好、业务水平高、创新能力强的优秀青年人才，通过三年的培养和建设，使他们基本成为我系统具有综合能力的学科带头人、潜学科带头人和技术骨干，为常州青年卫生人才队伍注入新鲜血液，为常州卫生事业的发展提供青年人才支撑。     

大力培养造就高素质的疾控人才

卫生部党组书记、常务副部长高强同志2004年7月8日在全国疾病预防控制系统电视电话会议上的讲话中指出:疾病预防控制是一项技术性强、质量要求高的工作,只具备相关的设备条件,而人员素质达不到工作需要,也不可能取得实际工作效果,要结合卫生改革,从源头上解决人员素质不高的问题.高强同志的讲话,对深化公共卫生体制改革和促进疾控事业长远发展起到了重要的指导作用.我们要在十六大精神和"三个代表"重要思想的指引下,认真实施人才战略,全面开发人才资源,切实提高疾控人员的综合素质,努力造就一支高素质的疾控人才队伍,更好地为社会主义现代化建设事业服务.     

Genomics and public health at CDC

Genomics is the study of the entire genome, including all genes and their interactions with each other and with the environment. The scope of public health genomics is even broader, encompassing genetic variation in populations, both human and microbial. Molecular typing of pathogens--a mainstay of infectious disease surveillance, prevention, and control--already is used to trace epidemics, provide information for vaccine development, and monitor drug resistance. Now genomic research is producing powerful new tools for public health; for example, a newly described, microchip-based method promises to diagnose influenza infection, distinguish among viruses of human or animal origin, and detect mutations that suggest increasing virulence--all in a matter of hours.     

Law and public health at CDC

Public health law is an emerging field in U.S. public health practice. The 20th century proved the indispensability of law to public health, as demonstrated by the contribution of law to each of the century's 10 great public health achievements. Former CDC Director Dr. William Foege has suggested that law, along with epidemiology, is an essential tool in public health practice. Public health laws are any laws that have important consequences for the health of defined populations. They derive from federal and state constitutions; statutes, and other legislative enactments; agency rules and regulations; judicial rulings and case law; and policies of public bodies. Government agencies that apply public health laws include agencies officially designated as "public health agencies," as well as health-care, environmental protection, education, and law enforcement agencies, among others.     

Engineering and public health at CDC

Engineering is the application of scientific and technical knowledge to solve human problems. Using imagination, judgment, and reasoning to apply science, technology, mathematics, and practical experience, engineers develop the design, production, and operation of useful objects or processes. During the 1940s, engineers dominated the ranks of CDC scientists. In fact, the first CDC director, Assistant Surgeon General Mark Hollis, was an engineer. CDC engineers were involved in malaria control through the elimination of standing water. Eventually the CDC mission expanded to include prevention and control of dengue, typhus, and other communicable diseases. The development of chlorination, water filtration, and sewage treatment were crucial to preventing waterborne illness. Beginning in the 1950s, CDC engineers began their work to improve public health while developing the fields of environmental health, industrial hygiene, and control of air pollution. Engineering disciplines represented at CDC today include biomedical, civil, chemical, electrical, industrial, mechanical, mining, and safety engineering. Most CDC engineers are located in the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). Engineering research at CDC has a broad stakeholder base. With the cooperation of industry, labor, trade associations, and other stakeholders and partners, current work includes studies of air contaminants, mining, safety, physical agents, ergonomics, and environmental hazards. Engineering solutions remain a cornerstone of the traditional "hierarchy of controls" approach to reducing public health hazards.     

Epidemiology and public health at CDC

Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations and the application of this study to control health problems. However, in public health, the terms "field epidemiology" and "applied epidemiology"--which emphasize use of results in public health settings--define the practice of epidemiology at CDC. Epidemiology has been characterized as the basic science of public health, and its practice at CDC has shaped the agency's development and will contribute to its future success.     

Economics and public health at CDC

Economics is the study of decisions--the incentives that lead to them and the consequences that result from them--as they relate to present and future production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services when resources are limited and have alternative uses. At CDC, economics is used to systematically identify, measure, value, and compare the costs and consequences of alternative prevention strategies. Costs and consequences in public health can be measured in various ways, including incidence or prevalence of disease; numbers of adverse events; utility measures, such as quality-adjusted life years; and monetary values. Because it deals with behavior, economics is not really about money at all. Money is just a convenient way to measure incentives and consequences.     

Informatics and public health at CDC

Since CDC acquired its first mainframe computer in 1964, the use of information technology in public health practice has grown steadily and, during the past 2 decades, dramatically. Public health informatics (PHI) arrived on the scene during the 1990s after medical informatics (intersecting information technology, medicine, and health care) and bioinformatics (intersecting mathematics, statistics, computer science, and molecular biology). Similarly, PHI merged the disciplines of information science and computer science to public health practice, research, and learning. Using strategies and standards, practitioners employ PHI tools and training to maximize health impacts at local, state, and national levels. They develop and deploy information technology solutions that provide accurate, timely, and secure information to guide public health action.     

Statistics and public health at CDC

Since CDC's inception, an important function of the agency has been the compilation, analysis, and interpretation of statistical information to guide actions and policies to improve health. Sources of data include vital statistics records, medical records, personal interviews, telephone and mail surveys, physical examinations, and laboratory testing. Public health surveillance data have been used to characterize the magnitude and distribution of illness and injury; to track health trends; and to develop standard curves, such as growth charts. Beyond the development of appropriate program study designs and analytic methodologies, statisticians have played roles in the development of public health data-collection systems and software to analyze collected data. CDC/ATSDR employs approximately 330 mathematical and health statisticians. They work in each of the four coordinating centers, two coordinating offices, and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.     

建设高水平公共卫生学院，培养高层次公共卫生人才

高水平公共卫生学院建设的落脚点始终在于人才培养,要把培养什么人、怎么培养人、为谁培养人作为根本问题,对标世界一流高校,建设一流学科,培育一流人才,产出一流成果。要注重学科交叉融合,注重新发突发传染病和突发公共卫生事件应急处置的理论教学和实践训练,注重医疗机构和公共卫生机构融合,全链条培养公共卫生人才。     

Veterinary medicine and public health at CDC

People readily associate the role of veterinarians with private veterinary practice focused on pets and farm animals, but the true dimensions and contributions of veterinary medicine are much broader and reflect expanding societal needs and contemporary challenges to animal and human health and to the environment. Veterinary medicine has responsibilities in biomedical research; ecosystem management; public health; food and agricultural systems; and care of companion animals, wildlife, exotic animals, and food animals. The expanding role of veterinarians at CDC reflects an appreciation for this variety of contributions. Veterinarians' educational background in basic biomedical and clinical sciences compare with that of physicians. However, unlike their counterparts in human medicine, veterinarians must be familiar with multiple species, and their training emphasizes comparative medicine. Veterinarians are competent in preventive medicine, population health, parasitology, zoonoses, and epidemiology, which serve them well for careers in public health. The history and tradition of the profession always have focused on protecting and improving both animal health and human health.     

Laboratory science and public health at CDC

Laboratory technology is as essential to public health practitioners for monitoring threats to public health as it is to clinical practitioners who depend on laboratory technology to diagnose and monitor disease in individuals. Laboratory technology provides essential information for effective public health interventions, whether monitoring emerging infectious diseases, such as avian influenza globally; identifying pathogens, such as Escherichia coli in the U.S. food supply and pinpointing its source; screening newborns for devastating disorders, such as phenylketonuria, that can be prevented by early intervention; or developing the capacity to quickly screen for exposure to chemical and biologic agents.