ZK60镁合金微弧氧化双电解液的优化及膜层特性(英文)

在NaAlO2和Na3PO4组成的双电解液体系中对ZK60镁合金进行微弧氧化处理,通过单因素实验制备出致密、平整、耐腐蚀的涂层。采用XRD、SEM和EDS研究膜层的显微组织,并在3.5%NaCl溶液中进行静态质量损失实验,测试膜层的耐腐蚀性能。分析讨论电解液中各组元浓度对微弧氧化过程中电压—时间曲线和膜层特性的影响。结果表明:主成膜剂NaAlO2、Na3PO4及辅助添加剂NaOH、NaB4O7和C6H5Na3O7对微弧氧化过程和膜层特性有不同的影响,单变量实验优化得到的双电解液成分为17.5g/LNaAlO2,5g/LNa3PO4,5g/LNaOH,3g/LNaB4O7和4.2g/LC6H5Na3O7。     

Characterization of ceramic coating on ZK60 magnesium alloy prepared in a dual electrolyte system by micro-arc oxidation

Micro-arc oxidation （MAO） process was cartied out in an optimized dual electrolyte system to fabricate a compact, smooth, and corrosion resistant coating on ZK60 Mg alloy. The microstructural characteristics of coating were investigated by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） coupled with an energy dispersive spectrometer （EDS） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. Test of mass loss was conducted at a 3.5 % NaCl solution to assess the resistance to corrosion. The bonding strength between the coating and ZK60 substrate was evaluated using scratch experiment. The results reveal that MgA1204 and MgO are the main phases of ceramic coating obtained in the dual electrolyte system. The corrosion rate of coating prepared in the optimized dual electrolyte is only 0.0061 g.m-2.h-1, which demonstrates excellent corrosion resistance. This is mainly due to the compact, uniform coating with high bonding strength.     

Effects of electric parameters on corrosion resistance of anodic coatings formed on magnesium alloys

Anodic coatings were obtained by micro-arc oxidation on AZ91HP magnesium alloys in a solution containing 10 g/L NaOH and 8 g/L phytic acid. The effects of electric parameters including frequency, final voltage, duty cycle and current density on the corrosion resistance of anodic coatings formed on the magnesium alloys were investigated by using an orthogonal experiment of four factors with three levels. The results show that the final voltage plays a main role on the coating properties. The orders of affecting corrosion resistance and coating thickness are separately ranked from high to low as, final voltage>duty cycle>current density>frequency and final voltage>current density>frequency>duty cycle. The final voltage influences the corrosion resistance of the anodized samples mainly by changing the surface morphology and coating thickness.     

ZK60镁合金微弧氧化改性研究

在NaOH电解液中,对ZK60镁合金进行微弧氧化处理。研究了微弧氧化过程的电压-时间曲线、微弧氧化电流、氧化时间对微弧氧化膜层的显微形貌和厚度的影响,测试了氧化膜的耐蚀性能。研究结果表明:随着微弧氧化电流和时间的增加,表面膜层厚度增加,但膜层中的微孔直径增加,表面粗糙度增加,氧化膜质量降低。在NaOH电解液中,微弧氧化电流为3A、氧化3min后,ZK60镁合金表面形成的氧化膜质量最好,厚度约为19.8μm。XRD分析表明微弧氧化处理后试样表面膜层由MgO相组成。耐腐蚀测试表明微弧氧化后样品的质量出现先增加而后降低的现象,其失重和析氢量均比未微弧氧化样品少,同时溶液pH值变化较慢,这说明微弧氧化后样品的耐腐蚀性提高。     

Effects of heat-treatment on microstructure of wrought magnesium alloy ZK60

The microstructure of the as-cast, as-solution-treated and as-aged wrought magnesium alloy ZK60 was studied. The results indicate that the microstructure of the as-cast ZK60 alloy is mainly composed of network eutectic （a-Mg＋MgZn） and divorced euteetic MgZn, which semi-continuously distribute along the grain boundaries or in the interdendritic area and almost dissolve into the matrix after solid solution treatment. The Laves phase MgZn2 is not sensitive to the heat treatment and seems to form at the early stage of solidification and keeps its size and shape till the aging stage. It is believed that the occurrence of the Laves phase in the ZK60 alloy would possibly contribute to the defects. Many new phases, including MgZn phase which is different from that forms during eutectic reaction, precipitate after aging treatment.     

Influence of impurities on microstructure and mechanical properties of ZK60 magnesium alloy

The influence of impurity content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of ZK60 magnesium alloys was investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and tensile test. ZK60 alloys were prepared by changing holding time of alloy melt during semi-continuous casting in order to control the content of impurity elements. The alloy with lower purity content is found to have less second precipitates and larger grain size in the as-cast state. However, in the as-extruded state, reducing impurities brings about a decrease in grain size and an increase in yield strength from 244 MPa to 268 MPa, while the elongations in the as-extruded alloys with different contents of impurities are almost the same. After T5 treatment, impurity content is found to have more obvious effect on the yield strength of ZK60 alloy. The yield strength of ZK60-45 alloys with low impurity content is increased up to 295 MPa after T5 treatment.     

Effects of Y on mechanical properties and damping capacity of ZK60 magnesium alloys

The microstructure,mechanical properties and damping capacity of ZK60-xY(x=0,1.5%,2.5%,4.0%,mass fraction) magnesium alloys were investigated by using the optical microscope(OM),X-ray diffractometer(XRD),universal tensile testing machine and dynamic mechanical analyzer(DMA).The mechanisms for damping capacity of referred alloys were discussed by Granato-Lücke theory.The results show that Y additions remarkably reduce grain size(the average grain size is 21.6,13.0,8.6 and 4.0μm,respectively),and the tensile properties are enhanced with grain refining(the yield tensile strength increases to 292 MPa from 210 MPa and ultimate tensile strength increases to 330 MPa from 315 MPa).For the ZK60-xY(x=0,1.5%,4.0%)alloys,the damping capacity decreases with the increase of Y content.However,for the ZK60-xY(x=2.5%)alloy,the damping capacity improves abnormally,which is possibly related to the formation of Mg3Y2Zn3(W)FCC phase in this alloy.     

Gd对ZK60镁合金组织与力学性能的影响

分析了铸态和挤压态ZK60?xGd(x=0~4)合金的组织和相组成,测试了其拉伸力学性能。结果表明,随着Gd含量的增加,铸态组织逐渐细化,Mg?Zn?Gd新相逐渐增多,而MgZn2相逐渐减少直至消失,第二相趋于连续网状分布于晶界处;当 Gd 含量不超过2.98%时,铸态室温拉伸力学性能稍降低。经挤压比λ=40和挤压温度T=593 K的挤压后,组织显著细化,平均晶粒尺寸逐渐减至ZK60?2.98Gd合金的2μm,破碎的第二相沿着挤压方向呈带状分布;挤压态的拉伸力学性能均显著提高：298和473 K时的抗拉强度分别从ZK60合金的355和120 MPa逐渐提高至ZK60?2.98Gd合金的380和164 MPa。挤压态拉伸断口呈现典型的韧性断裂特征。     

轧制路径对ZK60镁合金板材组织和性能的影响

在250 ℃对轧制-热处理态ZK60镁合金板材进行9道次不同路径的轧制试验。采用光学显微镜、电子万能试验机、SEM、XRD等研究了轧制试验后ZK60镁合金的显微组织、室温拉伸性能、断口形貌及晶粒择优取向。结果表明:轧制路径对ZK60镁合金板材的晶粒尺寸变化无明显影响,但压下量对镁合金组织内的孪晶变化有很大影响;轧制路径的变化对ZK60镁合金板材的各向异性和力学性能有较大影响,在交叉+45°的路径下轧制后ZK60镁合金板材,各向异性较弱,具有良好的综合力学性能和轧制成形能力,其屈服强度、抗拉强度和伸长率分别达到244.31 MPa、371.14 MPa和25.46%;交叉+45°路径轧制对ZK60镁合金的晶粒择优取向有明显影响,能够改善镁合金板材的晶粒择优取向和各向异性,提高ZK60镁合金的力学性能。     

热处理对ZK60镁合金组织与力学性能的影响

研究固溶和时效热处理工艺对铸态ZK60镁合金显微组织与力学性能的影响.结果表明,当固溶处理条件为400 ℃下保温10 h、时效处理温度为150.c时,ZK60合金中析出相随时效时间的延长而增加,直至30 h.当时效温度升至200℃时,析出相体积分数在时效时间为15～20 h时达到最大值.室温拉伸实验表明,高密度第二相析出物有利于提高合金的强度和靼性.优化的热处理工艺条件为400℃固溶10 h随后于150℃时效30 h,得到的镁合金兼具有高的强度与塑性综合性能.     

Effect of large deformation on microstructure of ZK60 alloy

Microstructure evolution of ZK60 magnesium alloy deformed at 023 hoy cyclic extrusion compression （CEC） large deformation method was investigated. ZK60 alloy was deformed in the range of accumulated true strain of 0.8-17. The microstructure of evolution was investigated by optical microscope （OM） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The results show that microstructure is obviously refined, and homogenous equiaxed microstructure is achieved in the entire range of the examined deformations by subjected to CEC deformation. By increasing the accumulated strain to 17, the grain size decreases into sub-micron regime with about several hundred nanometers. The mechanism of grain refinement in ZK60 alloy by CEC can be attributed to continuous dynamic recovery and recrystallization.     

Influence of aging on microstructure and properties of ZK60 magnesium alloy

The different aging process was investigated for ZK60 magnesium alloy to get the ideal synthetic properties. The results show that the values of strength, hardness and plasticity of ZK60 magnesium alloy increase at first and then decrease with increasing aging temperature, the suitable aging temperature of ZK60 alloy is from 160 to 180 ℃, At the meantime, the microstructures of appear mesh texture under high ageing temperature, this is the main reason why the mechanical properties decrease.     

单脉冲模式下电参数对镁合金微弧氧化膜耐蚀性的影响

硅铝复合电解液体系中利用单脉冲工作模式在AZ9ID镁合金表面制备了一系列微弧氧化膜层.采用四因素三水平正交实验研究单脉冲工作模式下电流密度、正占空比、氧化时间和频率对膜层耐蚀性的影响.结果表明:各电参数对膜层耐蚀性的影响程度由高到低排列依次是氧化时间、正占空比、电流密度、频率;制备较优耐蚀性膜层的电参数为:电流密度22 A/dm2,正占空比40％,氧化时间12 min,频率500 Hz;在较优工艺方案下制得的试样与镁合金相比,其自腐蚀电位提高了36.4 mV,腐蚀电流密度下降了1个数量级.     

铈含量对ZK60镁合金组织和性能的影响

以ZK60合金成分为基础，添加质量百分比分别为0，0．5％，1．0％，1．5％和2％的铈（Ce），研究不同Ce含量和加工处理状态对合金力学性能和显微组织的影响。结果表明：未添加Ce的ZK60合金晶粒粗大且晶界偏析严重，而添加Ce后的合金晶粒明显细化，晶界得到净化。经过热挤压后，合金都发生了明显的动态再结晶。同时，合金的强度随Ce含量的增加而上升，在150℃时效0～24h（T5处理）后，抗拉强度和伸长率均得到了不同程度的提高。其中4合金具有最优的综合性能：挤压态σb。=318．6MPa，δ=14．4％；24h时效后σb=338．6MPa，δ=15．6％。     

熔体热速处理对铸造Mg合金组织和力学性能的影响

研究了熔体过热和热速处理对AZ91铸造Mg Al Zn合金组织和力学性能的影响。在含有Mn和钢坩埚内壁未刷有涂料的前提下 ,熔体温度 (82 0℃ )不够高时 ,会引起晶粒的粗化 ;熔体温度 (870℃ )足够高时 ,镁合金结晶晶核的增加引起了基体组织的细化 ,同时组织中的γ强化相比未高温过热时弥散、均匀 ;热速处理后组织部分保留了高温过热时的特性 ,从而使镁合金的力学性能和铸件质量得到提高。     

添加Mg和Cu对Al-Fe-V-Si合金组织与性能的影响

采用OM、SEM、XRD、力学拉伸实验、硬度测试等手段研究了单独添加Mg及同时添加Mg和Cu对铸态Al-Fe-V-Si合金及其热挤压棒材显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：添加Mg可以明显细化Al-Fe-V-Si合金的铸态组织，改善铝铁相的形貌与分布，还有利于提高合金的硬度与强度；同时添加Mg和Cu时，Cu部分抵消了Mg的细化作用，但经过热处理后，Mg2Si、Al2Cu和Al2CuMg相的形成，使合金的硬度与强度进一步提高。