Windows98下虚拟设备驱动程序VxD的开发

介绍Windows98下如何开发硬件设备驱动程序,给出使用VtoolsD设计虚拟设备驱动程序VxD,处理硬件中断,直接存取硬件地址的实例。     

Windows CE设备驱动程序开发

基于Windows CE操作系统级设计的一个重要方面是原始设备制造商（OEM）和独立硬件开发商（IHV）可以对设备驱动程序来支持他们的独立于硬件的发展,而不需要微软也开发设备驱动程序。本文介绍了CE WinCE架构的过程和Windows设备驱动程序的开发,并介绍了设备驱动程序,设备驱动程序结构和中断处理。CE Windows操作系统支持4个设备驱动模型：本机设备驱动,流接口设备驱动程序,USB设备驱动,网络驱动程序。     

VXD之间通讯的新方法

在Windows操作系统的保护模式下，可执行模块是分层运行的。一般的Windows32应用程序运动在Ring3层，不能对硬件直接操作；VXD是运动在Ring0层，可以直接操作硬件，因此许多Windows32程序要求VXD提供服务（Service）。另外VXD之间也可提供服务，在VXD之间常规的方法是通过服务表来保存服务函数的地位，但是这种方法有许多不便之处，介绍一种不同以往的新方法以及克服这些缺点。     

基于Vx Works的串口芯片ST16C554的驱动程序设计

目前，嵌入式系统的开发已经离不开操作系统的支持，而开发基于嵌入式操作系统的底层硬件驱动程序是研发中必不可少的工作之一。VxWorks是美国WindRiver公司推出的嵌入式实时操作系统（RTOS），介绍了基于VxWorks的串口设备驱动设计，重点介绍了ST16C554的驱动程序，并给出了实际驱动程序中的核心代码。本设备驱动程序编写的思路严格按照VxWorks下设备驱动程序的要求，因此对其他基于VxWorks的设备驱动有一定的参考意义。     

WidnowsNT操作系统下硬件中断的处理

WindowsNT的保护机制和硬件管理模式使开发者不能在应用程序中直接处理硬件中断，只有通过开发设备驱动程序，才能对硬件中断进行处理，文章详细介绍了WindowsNT操作系统对硬件中断的处理机制，并以自行开发的经纬仪上时统卡产生的ISA总线的中断信号为例，介绍了如何利用NT DDK（驱动程序开包）开发中断驱动程序截获硬件中断，驱动程序调试，以及驱动程序与应用程序通信的具体细节。     

基于WDM的设备驱动程序设计和实现

设备驱动程序是硬件设备连接到计算机系统的软件接口。Windows驱动程序模型(WDM)是Windows平台的新一代设备驱动程序模型,WDM的研究对设计优良设备驱动程序有重要指导作用。文章分析WDM的工作原理和机制,着重介绍WDM设备驱动程序的设计和实现方法,并给出一个通用串行总线(USB)设备驱动程序的设计实例。该设计将USB驱动程序分为即插即用(PnP)、电源管理、USB初始化和USB设备输入/输出(I/O)等功能模块,具有结构清晰、易移植、复用性好等优点,在USB驱动程序设计中具有良好的应用价值。     

PCI接口卡硬件与驱动程序设计

介绍了一种较为通用的PCI接口卡的硬件结构,说明了硬件设计的几种可行性方案和硬件设计时需要注意的问题,同时详细地阐述了PCI设备WDM驱动程序开发的基本方法,比较了几种常用开发工具的优缺点,并对驱动程序中的PCI设备I／O端口与存储器的读写、中断处理以及应用程序与驱动程序之间多种通信方式作了详细的介绍。     

一种基于USB接口的实时信号采集系统设计

以CYPRESS公司的USB芯片CY7C68013为例,详细介绍了一种通过USB接口,将A/D 采样数据实时地传送到计算机的电路设计。USB系统设计包括硬件设计、固件程序设计、设备驱动程序设计和设备应用程序设计。重点介绍硬件设计和固件程序设计,设备驱动程序使用CYPRESS公司提供的设备驱动程序实例。在测试系统性能时,编写了一个设备应用程序,以验证系统性能。     

基于PCI-E总线高速数据传输卡的WDM驱动设计

针对自主设计的基于PCI-E总线高速数据传输卡设备,在64位Windows系统下采用WDM驱动模式设计实现该设备驱动程序。介绍了WDM驱动程序开发过程,主要包括硬件访问、DMA高速数据传输和MSI中断等内容。并对所设计驱动程序进行测试验证,结果表明,该驱动程序具有较高的传输效率和可靠性,可应用于高速数据传输卡设备,且该驱动程序也可移植到其他类似的数据传输设备中。     

基于PCI总线的MPEG-4编码器WDM驱动程序开发

帧同步是视频流处理的一个关键点，文章描述了在Windows 2000操作系统下MPEG－4编码器驱动程序的开发原理，利用驱动程序解决帧同步问题，并提供了软件的设计方案和相关硬件设计原理，阐述了实现该方案所创建的即插即用设备驱动程序，实验结果表明，此软件能够支持编码器正常工作。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks