光分组交换网络中光纤延迟线缓存技术

光分组交换网是全光网络发展的必然趋势.然而,光分组交换网络发展的瓶颈是光缓存技术.目前,在光域比较现实的还是采用光纤延迟线(FDL)作光缓存.重点研究了光纤延迟线光缓存技术,对FDL光缓存技术进行了深入的分析和归纳,并对每一种光纤延迟线光缓存调度策略的优缺点都进行了细致的分析.最后指出了光纤延迟线光缓存技术的未来研究重点和发展方向.     

Design of a Core Switch for an Optical Transparent Packet Network

Design guidelines are given to dimension large switches in the optical packet network environment developed in the framework of the ACTS project KEOPS (KEys to Optical Packet Switching). Different possible choices in the architecture and operation of the switch are proposed according to the photonic technology availability. Simulation and analytical tools are used to evaluate switch performance and they have been applied to find out suitable switch configurations that meet packet loss requirements. Results and application examples are given to show the feasibility of a packet switch for high-speed photonic transport with the available technology.     

核心网中的光分组交换

光分组交换（OPS）是光交换技术的长远发展目标，其研究工作在上世纪90年代取得了很大进步。本文主要介绍OPS的一些基本概念和相关使能技术的进展情况，最后对OPS的前景做一些分析。     

光分组交换网

本文介绍了全光分组交换网的国内外研究状况，讨论了光分组交换节点的功能和结构及其实现光分组交换网的关键技术，对光分组交换网的研究具有重要的参考价值。     

Routing Strategies to Minimize Packet Loss in an Optical Packet Switched Network with Recirculating FDL Buffers

The major goal of optical packet switching (OPS) is to match switching technology to the huge capacities provided by (D)WDM. We study optical packet switches with recirculating fiber delay line (FDL) buffers. Through simulation, we have assessed the logical performance of a single optical packet router (OPR), focusing on packet loss rate (PLR). By verifying that our scheduling algorithm does not alter the traffic profile characteristics from in- to output, we illustrate how the single node results can be used to assess network-wide performance. We use the capability of assessing end-to-end PLRs to develop network-wide routing algorithms designed to minimize the maximal PLR occurring in the network. In case studies on pan-European networks, we first compare two algorithm variants and thereafter we compare the PLR-based routing algorithm with both load balancing and shortest path routing. While load balancing achieves PLRs that are multiple orders of magnitude lower than shortest path routing, the PLR-based algorithm can reach PLRs up to two orders of magnitude better. The improvement in PLR comes at the price of only a small increase in used bandwidth (a few percent). Subsequently we show that the discussed PLR-based routing algorithm can be easily extended to multiple priorities. By introducing multiple priorities we can keep the loss rates for high priority traffic very low. However, it may lead to an increase of the obtained minimal max-PLR value for low priority traffic. But as we prove this increase to be limited, the cost of introducing multiple priorities is small.     

光分组交换网络中的竞争解决策略

在光分组交换网络中,如果同一时刻有两个以上的分组要以同一波长从同一输出端口离开光交换机就会产生竞争,如何解决光分组竞争将会对光分组交换网络的性能产生巨大影响.通常,解决光分组竞争的方法有光缓存、波长变换和偏射路由等三种.文章详细阐述了这三种竞争解决方法的原理、实现方式及特点.     

一种新型的光分组交换环网体系结构

提出了一种以波长为标签的新型全光变长分组交换环网的体系结构、网络节点的光分组数据包收发模型,以及防止光分组冲突的多令牌协议。使用多令牌协议的环网在进行光分组交换时,不需要高速的光子器件,无需使用延迟线、电中继以及解决光分组的冲突问题。通过数值仿真,分析了4节点、8节点和16节点环网巾光分组各种的时延特性以及网络的吞吐量特性。结果表明,当网络负载增大时,数据包的平均时延增大,同时网络节点的吞吐量和资源利用率也随之增大;网络节点数目越多,网络的吞吐率也越大。     

采用偏射路由算法的全光分组网络的性能分析

本文提出采用统一的马尔可夫链方法分析存储转发路由和偏射路由算法的网络，并在具体计算偏射概率时，采用了递推的算法。着重分析了偏射路由算法在无存储器、有单个存储器及有两个存储器的情况下，ＭａｎｈａｔｔａｎＳｔｒｅｅｔＮｅｔｗｏｒｋ和ＳｈｕｆｌｅＮｅｔ网络的性能，包括网络吞吐量、数据包的平均跳转次数和数据包跳转次数的概率分布，并对ＭａｎｈａｔａｎＳｔｒｅｅｔＮｅｔｗｏｒｋ和Ｓｈｕｆ－ｆｌｅＮｅｔ两种网络进行了简单的比较。     

光分组交换网的新技术

首先概述通信网的发展进程。接着介绍全光的分组交换网。再说明其相关的光信号处理和光波长转换技术。最后简单介绍同步光时分多路应用。     

4G核心网和无线网协同的端到端跟踪实现方法

为了解决4G网络中,由于网络架构扁平化,无线接入侧无法独立实现用户跟踪和优化分析的问题,在3GPP协议基础上,提出了构建EPC和LTE无线协同跟踪处理机制及优化方案,解决异厂商场景的应用问题,满足现网用户跟踪和优化分析需求,为进一步实现用户问题定位和重点保障提供平台基础.     

适用于Pbit/s光分组交换网络的丢包率下限模型

文章针对通过优化路由来改善光分组交换网络性能这一方法进行了深入地分析。文章认为在输出光缓存结构下可以计算出网络丢包率下限的理论模型,通过将该模型得到的丢包率下限与在已有路由算法下由仿真得到的丢包率进行比较,能够预测出最佳路由算法下的丢包率,从而进一步预测通过优化路由所能获得的最大性能提升。     

可用于光分组交换网的一种新型2×1节点接收机

提出了一种可用于光分组交换的2×1节点接收机,其特征在于,缓存是由前馈和反馈形式的光纤延迟线(FDLs)组合实现的。理论分析和仿真结果表明:当前馈和反馈形式的FDLs均可使用时,尽量使用前馈FDL的BCS控制策略更有利于改善接收机的分组丢弃性能,结构能很好地应用于突发业务和非突发业务环境,而且控制复杂度也较低。     

光分组网节点结构研究的现状与演化趋势

介绍了光分组网和光分组交换技术,从技术角度分析了光分组交换方式的优点,比较并评价了具有代表性的几类光分组交换节点结构,展望了光分组交换的前景及光网络节点结构的演化趋势。     

A Multilayer Optical Packet Switching Network Based on the Kautz Graph and Optical Passive Star Couplers

The multihop optical network is the most appropriate solution to satisfy the increasing applications of Internet services. This paper extends the regular Kautz graph to one with multiple layers in order to produce more architectural variations. The connectivity between adjacent layers utilizes the systematic connection patterns of a regular Kautz graph. A routing algorithm based on its property is presented. Optical passive star (OPS) couplers are adopted to implement our new topologies. Three scheduling criteria that can solve the contention problem in the intermediate nodes are evaluated and compared in terms of their capability to improve the accessibility.     

An Optical Packet Addressing Scheme for Optical Packet Switched Networks Using RF Frequency Carrier Assignment

We propose an efficient optical packet addressing technique for optical packet-switched networks, where the pre-assigned RF frequency carriers are used to represent the packet addresses. It can simplify the control process of optical packet switching so that it results in reduced address processing time and smaller complexity of the packet address processor due to simple extraction of address information. We also analyze the performance of the proposed packet addressing scheme in the transmission aspect taking into account packet address wavelength beating and laser nonlinearity.     

基于光突发交换的下一代光互联网技术

给出了基于光突发交换的下一代光互联网技术的体系结构,然后从光突发数据格式、光突发的装配、光突发交换节点与网络结构、资源预留协议,以及数据信道调度算法等方面讨论了其核心技术问题.最后,简要地指出了下一代光互联网技术的未来研究方向和主要研究内容.     

Architectures and Performance of Optical Packet Switching over WDM

Packet switching over wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) channels is considered with the aim to investigate algorithms for wavelength assignment and to define feasible switch architectures, in the presence of connectionless or connection-oriented transfer modes. In particular, as regards the connection-oriented scenario, mapping of virtual connections onto wavelengths operated by network nodes is considered and procedures are proposed to achieve statistical multiplexing efficiency by dynamic wavelength re-assignment. Switch architectures to support dynamic wavelength encoding and the related performance evaluation are presented and discussed in the paper, evidencing the benefits of packet switching over WDM.     

Analytical MMAP-Based Bounds for Packet Loss in Optical Packet Switching with Recirculating FDL Buffers

The major goal of optical packet switching (OPS) is to match switching technology to the huge capacities provided by (D)WDM. A crucial issue in packet switched networks is the avoidance of packet losses stemming from contention. In OPS, contention can be solved using a combination of exploitation of the wavelength domain (through wavelength conversion) and buffering. To provide optical buffering, fiber delay lines (FDLs) are used. In this paper, we focus on an optical packet switch with recirculating FDL buffers and wavelength converters. We introduce the Markovian arrival process with marked transitions (MMAP), which has very desirable properties as a traffic model for OPS performance assessment. Using this model, we determine lower and upper bounds for the packet loss rate (PLR) achieved by the aforementioned switch. The calculation of the PLR bounds through matrix analytical methods is repeated for a wide range of traffic conditions, including highly non-uniform traffic, both in space (i.e., packet destinations) and time (bursty traffic). The quality of these bounds is verified through comparison with simulation results.     

光缓存配置研究

首先讨论了FDL光缓存的分类及常用的配置方法,然后以共享式FDL光缓存为研究目标,分别针对简并式、双简并式和递增简并式等三种光缓存配置方法展开对比研究。最后,使用仿真实验的方法对这三种光缓存配置方法的性能进行评估。     

Performance Analysis of an Optical Switched Manhattan Street Network

Manhattan Street Networks (MSN) are bidimensional linear node sets arranged as the avenues and streets of Manhattan. Deflection routing is performed –either in the synchronous or in the asynchronous mode–by conveying incoming packets towards one of the two outputs. The simulation and analysis of all-optical MS networks is the central target of this paper. In order to avoid using complex electronics and/or optical domain buffers, the deflection routing and the asynchronism are taken into account in the analysis. The obtained results are compared and discussed with respect to some previously described analytic methodologies.