Single crystal growth and characterizations of iron arsenide superconductor BaFe2-xNixAs2（0.0≤x≤0.12）

A series of big single crystals of BaFeFe_2-xNi_xAs₂ have been prepared by the FeAs self-flux method, with nominal nickel doping x = 0--0.12. The dimensions of the cleaved crystals are over 10~mm along ab plane and ～ 2~mm in maximum along the c direction. The measurements of x-ray diffraction, electrical resistance and magnetic property are carried out on the crystals. For the undoped parent compound BaFe₂As₂, both resistance and magnetization data display an anomaly associated with spin density wave and/or structural phase transition, with the transition temperatures at ～ 138~K. For Ni-doped BaFe_2-xNi_xAs₂ crystals, the superconducting critical temperature T_c ranges from 4.3~K for x=0.06 sample to 20~K for the optimally doped x=0.10 crystal.     

Optical Characterization of β-FeSi2 Thin Films Prepared by Femtosecond Laser Ablation

Iron disilicide thin films are prepared on fused quartz using femtosecond laser deposition （FsPLD） with a FeSi2 alloy target. X-ray diffraction results indicate the films are single-phase, orthorhombic, β-FeSi2. Field scanning electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy and Raman microscope are used to characterize the structure, composition, and optical properties of the β-FeSi2 films. Normal incidence spectral transmittance and reflectance data indicate a minimum, direct energy gap of 0.85 eV. The two most intense lines of Raman scattering peaked at 181.3 cm^-1 and 235.6cm^-1 for the film on fused quartz, and at 191.2cm^-1 and 243.8cm^-1 for the film on Si （100）, are observed.     

纳米β-FeSi2/a-Si多层膜室温光致发光分析

采用射频磁控溅射的方法,在Si(100)基片上制备了纳米β-FeSi2/Si多层结构,利用X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜、光致发光光谱等表征技术,研究了β-FeSi2/Si多层结构的结构、成分和光致发光特性.研究结果表明:利用磁控溅射法得到的Fe/Si多层膜,室温下能够检测到β-FeSi2的1.53 μm处光致发光信号;未退火时多层膜是(非晶的FeSi2+β-FeSi2颗粒)/非晶Si结构,退火后则是β-FeSi2颗粒/(晶体Si+非晶Si)结构;退火前后样品有相同的PL信号强度,说明非晶的FeSi2+β-FeSi2颗粒和β-FeSi2颗粒可以产生同样的发光性能.实验测出1.53 μm处PL信号也进一步证明了非晶FeSi2的半导体性能.     

纳米β-FeSi2/a-Si多层膜室温光致发光分析

采用射频磁控溅射的方法,在Si（100）基片上制备了纳米β-FeSi₂/Si多层结构,利用X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜、光致发光光谱等表征技术,研究了β-FeSi₂/Si多层结构的结构、成分和光致发光特性.研究结果表明：利用磁控溅射法得到的Fe/Si多层膜,室温下能够检测到β-FeSi₂的1.53 μm处光致发光信号;未退火时多层膜是（非晶的FeSi₂+β-FeSi₂颗粒）/非晶Si结构,退火后则是 关键词： 2')" href="#">β-FeSi₂ 磁控溅射 XRD 光致发光光谱     

磁控溅射法制备β型Fe3Si8M系三元薄膜

二元β-FeSi2是-种非常有潜力的环境友好型半导体，但由于是线性化合物，所以很难制备较高质量的β单相．本文从β-FeSi2相的基本团簇出发，利用“团簇＋连接原子”结构模型，设计制备了Fe3SisM（M=B，Cr，Ni，Co）系三元薄膜．研究了Fe3Si8M系三元薄膜的结构、成分和光电特性．结果表明，溅射态薄膜都为非晶态，经850℃／4h退火后可全部转换为晶态，引入的第三组元M不同会影响退火后的相转变和结晶质量，Cr和B为第三组元时可实现单-β相，Co作为第三组元时，薄膜以Ⅸ相为主表现为金属特性．B，Cr和Ni作为第三组元的样品中半导体性质都有不同程度的体现，但相比较而言，Fe2．7Si8480．9薄膜的半导体性能最为明显，其电阻率为0．17Ω．cm、载流子浓度为2．8×10^20cm^-3、迁移率为0．13cm2／V．S，带隙宽度约为0．65eV．所以引入合适的第三组元可以扩展序相相区，并实现晶态三元β型硅化物薄膜与二元β-FeSi2薄膜的半导体性能相近．     

磁控溅射法合成纳米β-FeSi2/a-Si多层结构

β-FeSi₂作为一种环境友好的半导体材料，颗粒化及非晶化正在成为提高其应用性能和改善薄膜质量、膜基界面失配度的有效途径.利用射频磁控溅射法在单晶Si基体上沉积Fe/Si多层膜，合成纳米β-FeSi₂/Si多层结构.通过透射电子显微镜、高分辨电子显微术等分析手段，研究了多层结构和制备工艺之间的相互关系.研究结果表明，采用磁控溅射Fe/Si多层膜的方法，不需要退火就可以直接沉积得到β-FeSi₂相小颗粒.β-FeSi₂相 关键词： 2')" href="#">β-FeSi₂ 磁控溅射 透射电子显微镜 半导体薄膜     

基于β-FeSi2的(Fe, M)Si2三元合金相形成规律

二元β-FeSi₂相是一种重要的窄带半导体型金属硅化物,研究了基于该二元相的三元合金的形成规律,以丰富其材料范围.首先,利用团簇线判据作为理论依据,选取一个团簇和一个连接原子构成的模型,添加不同的第三组元作为连接原子,设计了Fe₃Si₈M(M=B, Cr, Ni, Cu, Co, Al）系列合金成分,即用添加组元替代二元相中的Fe连接原子.然后,用真空吸铸和真空甩带方法制备合金棒以及薄带,以获得无成分偏析的均匀合 关键词： 2')" href="#">β-FeSi₂ 三元合金 团簇线     

磁控溅射法合成纳米β-FeSi2/a-Si多层结构

β-FeSi2作为一种环境友好的半导体材料,颗粒化及非晶化正在成为提高其应用性能和改善薄膜质量、膜基界面失配度的有效途径.利用射频磁控溅射法在单晶Si基体上沉积Fe/Si多层膜,合成纳米β-FeSi2/Si多层结构.通过透射电子显微镜、高分辨电子显微术等分析手段,研究了多层结构和制备工艺之间的相互关系.研究结果表明,采用磁控溅射Fe/Si多层膜的方法,不需要退火就可以直接沉积得到β-FeSi2相小颗粒.β-FeSi2相颗粒尺寸在20 nm以下,小的颗粒尺寸导致发光蓝移,带隙宽度变大,Edg值约为0.94 eV.经过850 ℃的真空退火处理后,β-FeSi2相没有发生改变,颗粒尺寸变大、蓝移效果消失,β-FeSi2相小颗粒的尺寸仍小于100 nm,结构的稳定性较好.     

Holographic Storage Parametric Optimization of the Crystal LiNbO3∶Fe Based on One-center Model

Based on one-center model, the effects of the doping amount and the degrees of reduction and oxidation on the dynamic range M, the response time and the photorefractive sensitivity in the crystal LiNbO3∶Fe are analyzed in detail. The principle of material optimization is discussed. The best crystal thickness (about 1.4～2.6 mm) for the maximum dynamic range M is calculated for the different doping amounts. The results show that the more the doping amount, the lighter the reduction of the crystal should be chosen, and that the heavier the reduction of the crystal, the less effect the doping amount has on the response time. The dynamic range M is in conflict with the response time. Due to the difficulty of processing crystals, the thickness is increased to 5 mm at the cost of decreasing the dynamic range M by 0.3～0.5.     

离子注入合成β-FeSi2薄膜的显微结构

采用MEVVA源(Metal Vapor Vacuum Arc Ion Source)离子注入合成β-FeSi2薄膜,用常规透射电镜和高分辨电镜研究了不同制备参数下β-FeSi2薄膜的显微结构变化. 研究结果表明:调整注入能量和剂量,可以得到厚度不同的β-FeSi2表面层和埋入层. 制备过程中生成的α,β,γ和CsCl型FeSi2相的相变顺序为γ-FeSi2→β-FeSi2→α-FeSi2,CsCl-FeSi2→β-FeSi2→α-FeSi2或β-FeSi2→α-FeSi2. 当注入参数增加到60kV,4×1017ions/cm2,就会导致非晶的形成,非晶在退火后会晶化为β-FeSi2相,相变顺序就变为非晶→β-FeSi2→α-FeSi2. 随退火温度逐渐升高硅化物颗粒逐渐长大,并向基体内部生长,在一定的退火温度下硅化物层会收缩断裂为一个个小岛状,使得硅化物/硅界面平整度下降. 另外,对于β-FeSi2/Si界面取向关系的研究表明,在Si基体上难以形成高质量β-FeSi2薄膜的原因在于多种非共格取向关系的并存、孪晶的形成以及由此导致的界面缺陷的形成.     

C掺杂β-FeSi2的电子结构和光学特性研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理赝势平面波方法,对C掺杂p-FeSi2的几何结构、能带结构、态密度和光学性质进行了理论计算.几何结构和电子结构的计算表明:C掺杂后使得β-FeSi2的晶格常数a和b减少,c变化不大,晶格体积减小;C掺杂后的 β-FeSi2能带结构仍为准直接带隙,禁带宽度变窄,直接带隙与间接带隙的能量差值不变,C的掺杂消弱了Fe的3d态电子,费米能级附近的电子态密度主要由Fe的3d态电子贡献.光学性质的计算表明:与未掺杂时相比,介电函数的实部ε1减少,虚部ε2的峰值减少并向高能方向有一微小的偏移,吸收系数有所降低.计算结果为β-FeSi2光电材料的应用和设计提供了理论指导.     

Structural and physical properties of undoped and nickel-doped BaFe2-xNixAs2（x = 0,0.04） single crystals

<正>Single crystals of undoped and nickel-doped BaFe_(2-x)Ni_xAs_2(x=0,0.04) have been grown by FeAs self-flux method.The maximum dimension of the crystal is as large as ~ 1 cm along the ab plane.The crystalline topography of a cleaved crystal surface is examined by scanning electron microscope(SEM).By x-ray powder diffraction(XRD) experiments using pure silicon as an internal standard,precise unit cell parameters(tetragonal at room temperature) are determined:a = 3.9606(4) A(1 A=0.1 nm),c = 13.015(2) A for BaFe_(1.96)Ni_(0.04)As_2 and a = 3.9590(5) A,c = 13.024(1) A for BaFe_2As_2.DC magnetization and transport measurements are performed to check superconducting transition(T_c=15 K for x=0.04) and other subtle anomalies.For BaFe_(0.96)Ni_(0.04)As_2 crystal,the resistance curve at normal state shows two distinct anomalies associated with spin and structure transitions,and its magnetization data above ~ 91 K exhibit a linear temperature dependence due to spin density wave(SDW) instability.     

离子注入合成β-FeSi2薄膜的显微结构

采用MEVVA源(MetalVaporVacuumArcIonSource)离子注入合成βFeSi2薄膜,用常规透射电镜和高分辨电镜研究了不同制备参数下βFeSi2薄膜的显微结构变化.研究结果表明:调整注入能量和剂量,可以得到厚度不同的βFeSi2表面层和埋入层.制备过程中生成的α,β,γ和CsCl型FeSi2相的相变顺序为γFeSi2→βFeSi2→αFeSi2,CsClFeSi2→βFeSi2→αFeSi2或βFeSi2→αFeSi2.当注入参数增加到60kV,4×1017ionscm2,就会导致非晶 关键词： β-FeSi2 半导体薄膜 金属硅化物 离子注入 透射电子显微镜     

C掺杂β-FeSi2的电子结构和光学特性研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理赝势平面波方法,对C掺杂β-FeSi2的几何结构、能带结构、态密度和光学性质进行了理论计算.几何结构和电子结构的计算表明：C掺杂后使得β-FeSi2的晶格常数a和b减少,c变化不大,晶格体积减小;C掺杂后的β-FeSi2能带结构仍为准直接带隙,禁带宽度变窄,直接带隙与间接带隙的能量差值不变, C的掺杂消弱了Fe的3d态电子,费米能级附近的电子态密度主要由Fe的3d态电子贡献.光学性质的计算表明：与未掺杂时相比,介电函数的实部 减少,虚部 的峰值减少并向高能方向有一微小的偏移,吸收系数有所降低.计算结果为β-FeSi2光电材料的应用和设计提供了理论指导.     

Co掺杂β-FeSi2电子结构及光学性质的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理赝势平面波方法,对不同Co含量的β-FeSi2的能带结构,态密度、分态密度和光学性质进行了计算和比较.几何结构和电子结构的计算结果表明,Co掺杂使得β-FeSi2的晶格常数a增大,b和c变化不大,晶格体积增大.Fe1-xCoxSi2的能带结构变为直接带隙,禁带宽度从0.74 eV减小到0...     

稀土（Y、Ce）掺杂β-FeSi2光电性质的第一性原理研究

基于第一性原理赝势平面波方法,对稀土(Y、Ce)掺杂β-FeSi2的几何结构、电子结构和光学性质进行了计算与分析。几何结构的计算表明,Y 或Ce掺杂后β-FeSi2的晶格常数改变,晶胞体积减小。电子结构的计算表明,掺入稀土后β-FeSi2 费米面附近的能带结构变得复杂,带隙变窄;总电子态密度发生了变化,Y 的4d 轨道电子态密度和Ce的4f轨道电子态密度主要贡献给费米面附近。光学性质的计算结果表明,Y 或Ce 掺杂后β-FeSi2 的静态介电常数明显提高,介电函数虚部ε2 的峰值均向低能方向移动并且减弱,折射率n0 明显提高,消光系数k 的峰值减弱,计算结果为β-FeSi2材料掺杂稀土改性的实验研究提供了理论依据。     

Study of a Waveguide CO_2 Laser with Two Parallel Tubes

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Skyrmion crystals in pseudo-spin-1/2 Bose–Einstein condensates

Exact two-dimensional solutions are constructed for the pseudo-spin-1/2 Bose–Einstein condensates,which are described by the coupled nonlinear Gross–Pitaevskii equations where the intra-and inter-species coupling constants are assumed to be equal.The equations are decoupled by means of re-combinations of the nonlinear terms of the hyperfine states according to the spatial dimensions.The stationary solutions form various spin textures which are identified as skyrmion crystals.In a special case,a crystal of skyrmion–anti-skyrmion pairs is formed in the soliton limit.     

Experimental verification of the parasitic bipolar amplification effect in PMOS single event transients

The contribution of parasitic bipolar amplification to SETs is experimentally verified using two P-hit target chains in the normal layout and in the special layout. For PMOSs in the normal layout, the single-event charge collection is composed of diffusion, drift, and the parasitic bipolar effect, while for PMOSs in the special layout, the parasitic bipolar junction transistor cannot turn on. Heavy ion experimental results show that PMOSs without parasitic bipolar amplification have a 21.4% decrease in the average SET pulse width and roughly a 40.2% reduction in the SET cross-section.     

Phase control of spontaneous emission from a double-band photonic crystals

Through picture of dressed states, this paper investigates the spontaneous emission spectrum from a microwave-driven three-level atom embedded in a double-band photonic crystals. The physical dynamics of the phase dependent phenomenon is analysed by comparing two models `upper level coupling' and `lower level coupling'. When the phase is changed from 0 to $\pi$, the variety of spontaneous emission spectra from either of the two models are inverse to each other, in which the relative height and width of peaks are determined by the density of states in photonic crystals.