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1.
Kirstin Vach Ali Al-Ahmad Annette Anderson Johan Peter Woelber Lamprini Karygianni Annette Wittmer Elmar Hellwig 《Nutrients》2022,14(24)
Background: The role of diet and nutrition in the prevention of oral diseases has recently gained increasing attention. Understanding the influence of diet on oral microbiota is essential for developing meaningful prevention approaches to oral diseases, and the identification of typical and atypical responders may contribute to this. Methods: We used data from an experimental clinical study in which 11 participants were exposed to different dietary regimens in five consecutive phases. To analyse the influence of additional nutritional components, we examined changes in bacterial concentrations measured by culture techniques compared to a run-in phase. A measure of correspondence between the mean and individual patterns of the bacterial composition is introduced. Results: The distance measures introduced showed clear differences between the subjects. In our data, two typical and three atypical responders appear to have been identified. Conclusions: The proposed method is suitable to identify typical and atypical responders, even in small datasets. We recommend routinely performing such analyses. 相似文献
2.
《Journal of nutrition in gerontology and geriatrics》2013,32(3-4):39-58
Abstract Oral health is critical to systemic health and quality of life for the elderly, especially the institutionalized elderly, who are at high risk for oral and nutritional problems. Oral health is an integral component of overall nutritional health, just as nutrition plays a vital role in overall oral health. This article reviews the critical factors in the relationship among oral, nutritional, and systemic health and urges ongoing collaboration of providers of health care to reduce the rate of morbidity and mortality in institutionalized elders. 相似文献
3.
Elvira Verduci Maria Lorella Giannì Giulia Vizzari Sara Vizzuso Jacopo Cerasani Fabio Mosca Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti 《Nutrients》2021,13(2)
The benefits of human milk for both mother and infant are widely acknowledged. Human milk could represent a link between maternal and offspring health. The triad mother-breast milk-infant is an interconnected system in which maternal diet and lifestyle might have effects on infant’s health outcome. This link could be in part explained by epigenetics, even if the underlining mechanisms have not been fully clarified yet. The aim of this paper is to update the association between maternal diet and human milk, pointing out how maternal diet and lifestyle could be associated with breast-milk composition, hence with offspring’s health outcome. 相似文献
4.
Ni Zhao Xiang Zhan Katherine A Guthrie Caroline M Mitchell Joseph Larson 《Genetic epidemiology》2018,42(5):459-469
The human microbiome is a dynamic system that changes due to diseases, medication, change in diet, etc. The paired design is a common approach to evaluate the microbial changes while controlling for the inherent differences between people. For example, microbiome data may be collected from the same individuals before and after a treatment. Two challenges exist in analyzing this type of data. First, microbiome data are compositional such that the reads for all taxa in each sample are constrained to sum to a constant. Second, the number of taxa can be much larger than the sample size. Few statistical methods exist to analyze such data besides methods that test one taxon at a time. In this paper, we propose to first conduct a log‐ratio transformation of the compositions, and then develop a generalized Hotelling's test (GHT) to evaluate whether the average microbiome compositions are equivalent in the paired samples. We replace the sample covariance matrix in standard Hotelling's statistic by a shrinkage‐based covariance, calculated as a weighted average of the sample covariance and a positive definite target matrix. The optimal weighting can be obtained for many commonly used target matrices. We develop a permutation procedure to assess the statistical significance. Extensive simulations show that our proposed method has well‐controlled type I error and better power than a few ad hoc approaches. We apply our method to examine the vaginal microbiome changes in response to treatments for menopausal hot flashes. An R package “ GHT” is freely available at https://github.com/zhaoni153/GHT . 相似文献
5.
Charlene Compher PhD RD CNSC FASPEN Ajay K. Jain MD Peter F. Nichol MD PhD Allison Blackmer PharmD BCPS BCPPS Carrie Earthman PhD RD David C. Evans MD FACS Mary S. McCarthy PhD RN CNSC FAAN Beth Taylor DCN RDN‐AP CNSC FCCM Nilesh Mehta MD 《JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition》2018,42(5):838-844
6.
Kelly A. Tappenden PhD RD FASPEN Beth Quatrara DNP RN CMSRN ACNS‐BC Melissa L. Parkhurst MD Ainsley M. Malone MS RD CNSC Gary Fanjiang MD Thomas R. Ziegler MD 《JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition》2013,37(4):482-497
The current era of healthcare delivery, with its focus on providing high‐quality, affordable care, presents many challenges to hospital‐based health professionals. The prevention and treatment of hospital malnutrition offer a tremendous opportunity to optimize the overall quality of patient care, improve clinical outcomes, and reduce costs. Unfortunately, malnutrition continues to go unrecognized and untreated in many hospitalized patients. This article represents a call to action from the interdisciplinary Alliance to Advance Patient Nutrition to highlight the critical role of nutrition intervention in clinical care and to suggest practical ways to promptly diagnose and treat malnourished patients and those at risk for malnutrition. We underscore the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to addressing malnutrition both in the hospital and in the acute posthospital phase. It is well recognized that malnutrition is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Although data vary across studies, available evidence shows that early nutrition intervention can reduce complication rates, length of hospital stay, readmission rates, mortality, and cost of care. The key is to systematically identify patients who are malnourished or at risk and to promptly intervene. We present a novel care model to drive improvement, emphasizing the following 6 principles: (1) create an institutional culture where all stakeholders value nutrition, (2) redefine clinicians’ roles to include nutrition care, (3) recognize and diagnose all malnourished patients and those at risk, (4) rapidly implement comprehensive nutrition interventions and continued monitoring, (5) communicate nutrition care plans, and (6) develop a comprehensive discharge nutrition care and education plan. 相似文献
7.
Valeria Agamennone Peter M. Abuja Marijana Basic Maria De Angelis Andr Gessner Bart Keijser Martin Larsen Mariona Pinart Katharina Nimptsch Estelle Pujos-Guillot Kristina Schlicht Itai Sharon Eva Untersmayr Matthias Laudes Tobias Pischon Jildau Bouwman 《Nutrients》2022,14(9)
Studies indicate that the intestinal microbiota influences general metabolic processes in humans, thereby modulating the risk of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, allergy, cardiovascular disease, and colorectal cancer (CRC). Dietary factors are also directly related to chronic disease risk, and they affect the composition and function of the gut microbiota. Still, detailed knowledge on the relation between diet, the microbiota, and chronic disease risk is limited. The overarching aim of the HDHL-INTIMIC (INtesTInal MICrobiomics) knowledge platform is to foster studies on the microbiota, nutrition, and health by assembling available knowledge of the microbiota and of the other aspects (e.g., food science and metabolomics) that are relevant in the context of microbiome research. The goal is to make this information findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR) to the scientific community, and to share information with the various stakeholders. Through these efforts a network of transnational and multidisciplinary collaboration has emerged, which has contributed to further develop and increase the impact of microbiome research in human health. The roles of microbiota in early infancy, during ageing, and in subclinical and clinically manifested disease are identified as urgent areas of research in this knowledge platform. 相似文献
8.
Eating patterns characterised by low intakes of processed carbohydrates and higher intakes of fat- and Vitamin D-rich foods are associated with protection against dental caries. The aim of this formative study was to evaluate the extent to which the knowledge of children and adults of foods for oral health reflects dietary guideline advice, and the evidence base for foods associated with increased and decreased caries burdens. Using a novel card-sorting task, the participants categorised foods according to their knowledge of each food for oral health. There were no differences between children and adults in the categorisation of fresh, minimally processed foods. Fish, chicken, and red meat were categorised as healthy by significantly fewer children than adults. High-sugar foods were correctly characterised as unhealthy by nearly all participants. More children categorised breakfast cereals as healthy than adults. There were no statistically significant differences between children and adults for the categorisation of brown or wholegrain breads categorised as healthy. The alignment of the participants’ beliefs with dietary guideline recommendations suggests education through health promotion initiatives is successful in achieving knowledge acquisition in children and adults. However, recommendations to increase the intake of refined carbohydrates inadvertently advocate foods associated with increased caries burdens. 相似文献
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10.
Selma P. Wiertsema Jeroen van Bergenhenegouwen Johan Garssen Leon M. J. Knippels 《Nutrients》2021,13(3)
Infectious diseases and infections remain a leading cause of death in low-income countries and a major risk to vulnerable groups, such as infants and the elderly. The immune system plays a crucial role in the susceptibility, persistence, and clearance of these infections. With 70–80% of immune cells being present in the gut, there is an intricate interplay between the intestinal microbiota, the intestinal epithelial layer, and the local mucosal immune system. In addition to the local mucosal immune responses in the gut, it is increasingly recognized that the gut microbiome also affects systemic immunity. Clinicians are more and more using the increased knowledge about these complex interactions between the immune system, the gut microbiome, and human pathogens. The now well-recognized impact of nutrition on the composition of the gut microbiota and the immune system elucidates the role nutrition can play in improving health. This review describes the mechanisms involved in maintaining the intricate balance between the microbiota, gut health, the local immune response, and systemic immunity, linking this to infectious diseases throughout life, and highlights the impact of nutrition in infectious disease prevention and treatment. 相似文献
11.
Corinna Geisler Jil Pankoke Kristina Schlicht Carina Knappe Nathalie Rohmann Katharina Hartmann Ute Settgast Kathrin Türk Anna Katharina Seoudy Andre Franke Stefan Schreiber Dominik M. Schulte Matthias Laudes 《Nutrients》2021,13(11)
Background: The incidence of neurological diseases is increasing throughout the world. The aim of the present study was to identify nutrition and microbiome factors related to structural and functional neurological abnormalities to optimize future preventive strategies. Methods: Two hundred thirty-eight patients suffering from (1) structural (neurodegeneration) or (2) functional (epilepsy) neurological abnormalities or (3) chronic pain (migraine) and 612 healthy control subjects were analyzed by validated 12-month food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and 16S rRNA microbiome sequencing (from stool samples). A binomial logistic regression model was applied for risk calculation and functional pathway analysis to show which functional pathway could discriminate cases and healthy controls. Results: Detailed analysis of more than 60 macro- and micronutrients revealed no distinct significant difference between cases and controls, whereas BMI, insulin resistance and metabolic inflammation in addition to alcohol consumption were major drivers of an overall neurological disease risk. The gut microbiome analysis showed decreased alpha diversity (Shannon index: p = 9.1× 10−7) and species richness (p = 1.2 × 10−8) in the case group as well as significant differences in beta diversity between cases and controls (Bray–Curtis: p = 9.99 × 10−4; Jaccard: p = 9.99 × 10−4). The Shannon index showed a beneficial effect (OR = 0.59 (95%-CI (0.40, 0.87); p = 8 × 10−3). Cases were clearly discriminated from healthy controls by environmental information processing, signal transduction, two component system and membrane transport as significantly different functional pathways. Conclusions: In conclusion, our data indicate that an overall healthy lifestyle, in contrast to supplementation of single micro- or macronutrients, is most likely to reduce overall neurological abnormality risk and that the gut microbiome is an interesting target to develop novel preventive strategies. 相似文献
12.
Matilda Handsley-Davis Kostas Kapellas Lisa M Jamieson Joanne Hedges Emily Skelly John Kaidonis Poppy Anastassiadis Laura S Weyrich 《Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health》2022,10(1):352
Background and objectivesAboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders (hereafter respectfully referred to as Indigenous Australians) experience a high burden of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Increased NCD risk is linked to oral diseases mediated by the oral microbiota, a microbial community influenced by both vertical transmission and lifestyle factors. As an initial step towards understanding the oral microbiota as a factor in Indigenous health, we present the first investigation of oral microbiota in Indigenous Australian adults.MethodologyDental calculus samples from Indigenous Australians with periodontal disease (PD; n = 13) and non-Indigenous individuals both with (n = 19) and without PD (n = 20) were characterized using 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing. Alpha and beta diversity, differentially abundant microbial taxa and taxa unique to different participant groups were analysed using QIIME2.ResultsSamples from Indigenous Australians were more phylogenetically diverse (Kruskal–Wallis H = 19.86, P = 8.3 × 10−6), differed significantly in composition from non-Indigenous samples (PERMANOVA pseudo-F = 10.42, P = 0.001) and contained a relatively high proportion of unique taxa not previously reported in the human oral microbiota (e.g. Endomicrobia). These patterns were robust to stratification by PD status. Oral microbiota diversity and composition also differed between Indigenous individuals living in different geographic regions.Conclusions and implicationsIndigenous Australians may harbour unique oral microbiota shaped by their long relationships with Country (ancestral homelands). Our findings have implications for understanding the origins of oral and systemic NCDs and for the inclusion of Indigenous peoples in microbiota research, highlighting the microbiota as a novel field of enquiry to improve Indigenous health. 相似文献
13.
Simona Santonocito Amerigo Giudice Alessandro Polizzi Giuseppe Troiano Emanuele Maria Merlo Rossana Sclafani Giuseppe Grosso Gaetano Isola 《Nutrients》2022,14(12)
Over the last few decades, studies on the oral microbiome have increased awareness that the balance between the host and the microbial species that coexist in it is essential for oral health at all stages of life. However, this balance is extremely difficult to maintain, and many factors can disrupt it: general eating habits, sugar consumption, tobacco smoking, oral hygiene, and use of antibiotics and other antimicrobials. It is now known that alterations in the oral microbiota are responsible for developing and promoting many oral diseases, including periodontal disease. In this context, diet is an area for further investigation as it has been observed that the intake of particular foods, such as farmed animal meat, dairy products, refined vegetable oils, and processed cereals, affects the composition of the microbiota, leading to an increased representation of acid-producing and acid-tolerant organisms and periodontal pathogens. However, little is known about the influence of diet on the oral microbiome and the creation of a suitable microenvironment for the development of periodontal disease. The aim of the present study is to evaluate current knowledge on the role of diet in the oral dysbiosis underlying periodontal disease. 相似文献
14.
Dental health is closely linked to an individual’s health and diet. This bioarcheological study presents dental caries and stable isotope data obtained from prehistoric individuals (n = 101) from three Early Neolithic sites (c. 5500-4800 BCE) in central Germany. Dental caries and ante-mortem tooth loss (AMTL) were recorded and related to life history traits such as biological sex and age at death. Further, we correlate evidence on caries to carbon and nitrogen isotope data obtained from 83 individuals to assess the relationship between diet and caries. In 68.3% of the adults, carious lesions were present, with 10.3% of teeth affected. If AMTL is considered, the values increase by about 3%. The prevalence of subadults (18.4%) was significantly lower, with 1.8% carious teeth. The number of carious teeth correlated significantly with age but not sex. The isotopic data indicated an omnivorous terrestrial diet composed of domestic plants and animal derived protein but did not correlate with the prevalence of carious lesions. The combined evidence from caries and isotope analysis suggests a prevalence of starchy foods such as cereals in the diet of these early farmers, which aligns well with observations from other Early Neolithic sites but contrasts to Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age populations in Germany. 相似文献
15.
It is becoming increasingly important for any project aimed at understanding the effects of diet on human health, to also consider the combined effect of the trillions of microbes within the gut which modify and are modified by dietary nutrients. A healthy microbiome is diverse and contributes to host health, partly via the production and subsequent host absorption of secondary metabolites. Many of the beneficial bacteria in the gut rely on specific nutrients, such as dietary fiber, to survive and thrive. In the absence of those nutrients, the relative proportion of good commensal bacteria dwindles while communities of opportunistic, and potentially pathogenic, bacteria expand. Therefore, it is unsurprising that both diet and the gut microbiome have been associated with numerous human diseases. Inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer are associated with the presence of certain pathogenic bacteria and risk increases with consumption of a Western diet, which is typically high in fat, protein, and refined carbohydrates, but low in plant-based fibers. Indeed, despite increased screening and better care, colorectal cancer is still the 2nd leading cause of cancer death in the US and is the 3rd most diagnosed cancer among US men and women. Rates are rising worldwide as diets are becoming more westernized, alongside rising rates of metabolic diseases like obesity and diabetes. Understanding how a modern diet influences the microbiota and how subsequent microbial alterations effect human health will become essential in guiding personalized nutrition and healthcare in the future. Herein, we will summarize some of the latest advances in understanding of the three-way interaction between the human host, the gut microbiome, and the specific class of dietary nutrients, lipids. 相似文献
16.
With the aim to explore cultural differences in stress-related psychological, nutrition, physical activity, and oral health factors between Spanish and Latin American professors, we analysed stress-related factors in 598 professors (39.9% male, 60.1% female, 41.3 ± 9.8 years) by a collection of questionnaires, which involved psychological, nutritional, physical activity and oral health items. Results showed how Spanish professors presented significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher scores than Latin American professors in perceived stress (Spanish: 21.40 ± 4.32 vs. Latin American: 20.36 ± 4.31), teaching stress (Spanish: 6.59 ± 2.28 vs. Latin American: 6.00 ± 2.99) and neuroticism (Spanish: 5.40 ± 2.10 vs. Latin American: 4.58 ± 1.72). Spanish professors also showed healthier nutritional and physical activity habits than their Latin American counterparts, presenting higher consumption of milk products and a higher numbers of meals per day, greater weekly meat and fish consumption and higher weekly resistance training, as well as less eating between hours and snacking consumption. Nevertheless, Spanish professors brushed their teeth less and showed a higher smoking habit than Latin American professors. We concluded that there were cultural differences between Spanish and Latin American professors. In the present research, Spanish professors showed significantly higher burnout levels, teaching stress, perceived stress, and neuroticism than Latin American professors, and several differences were also found around health behaviours. These differences in perceived stress, teaching stress and burnout syndrome may be due to the habituation process of Latin American professors, and probably are associated with a higher stressful and demanding socio-cultural context. 相似文献
17.
Aim: To examine how dentition status impacts on nutrition status in community-dwelling older adults.
Methods: A literature search of years 1983 to 2006 was conducted using PubMed with the keywords, older adult, oral health, nutrition status, dentition and dentition status.
Results: Studies consistently suggest a direct and positive relationship between aspects of oral health status and nutrition in older adults. Masticatory disability hinders recommended food choice and often results in nutrient intake levels below recommended levels. The efficacy of replacing missing teeth to improve nutrition status is questionable. Sub-optimal nutrition in older adults may be reduced by retaining a minimum of five posterior occlusal pairs of teeth or 20 teeth distributed in a functional pattern. Food and nutrition education of denture-wearing older adults has some benefit.
Conclusion: Though oral health status is unlikely to have a major impact on nutrition status, in combination with other risk factors, it may be enough to tip the balance towards poorer nutritional health. An opportunity exists for health (including oral health professionals) and nutrition professionals to work together to assist older adults to age successfully. 相似文献
Methods: A literature search of years 1983 to 2006 was conducted using PubMed with the keywords, older adult, oral health, nutrition status, dentition and dentition status.
Results: Studies consistently suggest a direct and positive relationship between aspects of oral health status and nutrition in older adults. Masticatory disability hinders recommended food choice and often results in nutrient intake levels below recommended levels. The efficacy of replacing missing teeth to improve nutrition status is questionable. Sub-optimal nutrition in older adults may be reduced by retaining a minimum of five posterior occlusal pairs of teeth or 20 teeth distributed in a functional pattern. Food and nutrition education of denture-wearing older adults has some benefit.
Conclusion: Though oral health status is unlikely to have a major impact on nutrition status, in combination with other risk factors, it may be enough to tip the balance towards poorer nutritional health. An opportunity exists for health (including oral health professionals) and nutrition professionals to work together to assist older adults to age successfully. 相似文献
18.
Derek Fleming BS Jennifer Kesey FNP‐BC Kendra Rumbaugh PhD Sharmila Dissanaike MD 《JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition》2017,41(8):1411-1413
Background: Probiotics are widely used in healthy and nonhealthy individuals to maintain a favorable gut microbiome and inhibit pathogen takeover. Currently, there are many varieties of probiotic delivery vehicles on the market, with no real research indicating which is the most effective at allowing for colon colonization. In this study, we sought to determine if probiotic preparation influences the ability of Lactobacillus species, one of the most common genera of probiotic bacteria, to survive gastric acidity. Objective: To determine the survivability of lactobacilli in stomach‐level acidity for a variety of probiotic delivery vehicles. Materials and Methods: We tested the ability of 6 different probiotic preparations—enterically encapsulated pills, nonencapsulated pills, lyophilized powder, yogurt, yogurt drink, and kefir—to enhance survivability of lactobacilli in pH 2.0–adjusted phosphate‐buffered saline over time. Colony‐forming units were enumerated by spot plating on both nonselective (brain‐heart infusion) and selective (Rogosa SL) agar. Results: Regardless of delivery vehicle, lactobacilli are very capable of surviving gastric acidity, allowing for passage into the intestines. 相似文献
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20.
Julie Richards Mary Beth Arensberg Sara Thomas Kirk W. Kerr Refaat Hegazi Michael Bastasch 《Nutrients》2020,12(11)
Malnutrition is prevalent among oncology patients and can adversely affect clinical outcomes, prognosis, quality of life, and survival. This review evaluates current trends in the literature and reported evidence around the timing and impact of specific nutrition interventions in oncology patients undergoing active cancer treatment. Previous research studies (published 1 January 2010–1 April 2020) were identified and selected using predefined search strategy and selection criteria. In total, 15 articles met inclusion criteria and 12/15 articles provided an early nutrition intervention. Identified studies examined the impacts of nutrition interventions (nutrition counseling, oral nutrition supplements, or combination of both) on a variety of cancer diagnoses. Nutrition interventions were found to improve body weight and body mass index, nutrition status, protein and energy intake, quality of life, and response to cancer treatments. However, the impacts of nutrition interventions on body composition, functional status, complications, unplanned hospital readmissions, and mortality and survival were inconclusive, mainly due to the limited number of studies evaluating these outcomes. Early nutrition interventions were found to improve health and nutrition outcomes in oncology patients. Future research is needed to further evaluate the impacts of early nutrition interventions on patients’ outcomes and explore the optimal duration and timing of nutrition interventions. 相似文献
