联合中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值与纤维蛋白原在分析胃肠道间质瘤预后中的价值

目的评价术前中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)与纤维蛋白原(FIB)含量对胃肠道间质瘤(GIST)术后局部复发和(或)远处转移以及5年无复发生存率(RFS)的影响。方法 2010年1月～2015年12月收治的GIST病人170例,术前均未行靶向治疗并接受根治性切除术,回顾性分析术前NLR、FIB与GIST术后远期预后的关系。采用SPSS 18.0进行ROC曲线分析、χ~2检验、非参数秩和检验,相关性分析采用Pearson相关检验,远期生存采用Kaplan-Meier生存分析,多因素分析采用Cox比例风险模型。结果共纳入GIST病人170例,随访期间有24例出现转移复发,复发死亡15例。建立诊断GIST的ROC曲线,NLR与FIB的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.608、0.758;当取NLR=1.864、FIB=3.24 g/L为分界点时,NLR、FIB诊断GIST的敏感性和特异性最高。NLR、FIB均与GIST病人的年龄、性别、肿瘤部位、大小、危险度分级间存在相关关系,且NLR与FIB之间也存在相关性。本组病人术后5年RFS为75%。NLR1.864组及≥1.864组5年RFS分别为90%和62%(P=0.018);FIB3.24 g/L组及≥3.24 g/L组5年RFS分别为95%和50%(P0.01);联合FIB与NLR并将其分为4组:组1 FIB3.24 g/L与NLR1.864、组2 FIB≥3.24 g/L与NLR1.864、组3 FIB≥3.24 g/L与NLR≥1.864、组4 FIB3.24 g/L与NLR≥1.864,4组5年RFS率分别为100%、78%、38%和92%(P0.01)。多因素分析显示,FIB(P0.01,HR=0.098,95%CI:0.029～0.333)、NIH危险度分级(P=0.001,HR=0.128,95%CI:0.037～0.443)是影响GIST术后预后的独立危险因素。结论 NLR与FIB联合检测可预测GIST病人的术后预后。     

前列腺癌患者中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值检测的意义

目的探讨中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞比值(neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,NLR)对前列腺癌(prostate cancer,PCa)分期和分级的价值.方法对180例 PCa 患者进行外周血细胞计数检查,计算 NLR 值,比较不同危险度、不同侵犯范围、不同血清 PSA 水平、不同病理分期和是否存在骨转移患者的 NLR 值,探讨 PCa 患者 NLR 值与危险度、侵犯范围和血清 PSA 水平的相关性.结果随着危险度的增加、肿瘤侵犯范围的扩大和血清 PSA 水平的增加,NLR 值和高 NLR 率均呈增加趋势(P ＜0．05,P ＜0．01);存在骨转移及 TNM 分期Ⅲ~Ⅳ期患者 NLR 值分别高于无骨转移和 TNM 分期Ⅰ~Ⅱ期患者(P ＜0．01).相关性分析显示 PCa 患者 NLR 值与危险度、侵犯范围、血清 PSA 水平均呈正相关(P ＜0．05).结论 NLR 值与血清 PSA 水平、肿瘤侵犯范围及危险度有一定的相关性,可作为 PCa 分期和分级的有效指标.     

中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值在肌层浸润性膀胱癌预后评估中的价值

目的探讨术前外周血中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)是否可以作为肌层浸润性膀胱癌(MIBC)患者术后的预后评价指标。方法回顾性分析2008年1月至2011年12月行膀胱癌根治术的214例MIBC患者的临床资料,根据患者术前外周血NLR大小分为低NLR组(NLR<3,92例)和高NLR组(NLR≥3,122例),比较两组患者的5年生存率并进行预后危险因素分析。结果低NLR组和高NLR组MIBC患者5年生存率分别为70.9%和55.8%(P<0.01)。单因素分析显示,术前NLR、吸烟史、病理T分期、肿瘤分级、围手术期输血、淋巴结转移、淋巴结密度及切缘阳性与MIBC患者预后有关(P<0.05);Cox回归分析证实,NLR是影响MIBC患者预后的独立危险因素(HR=2.142,95%CI:1.212~3.786,P<0.01)。结论术前NLR是影响MIBC患者术后生存时间的独立危险因素,可作为MIBC患者的预后指标。     

中性粒细胞／淋巴细胞比值在胃癌预后评估中的应用

目的探讨中性粒细胞／淋巴细胞比值（NLR）是否可以作为胃癌患者的预后指标。方法回顾性分析1994—2006年间中山大学附属第一医院胃肠外科收治的经手术治疗的775例胃癌患者的临床资料,根据患者术前外周静脉血NLR大小分为低NLR组（NLR小于或等于3．79,652例）和高NLR组（NLR大于3．79,123例）,比较两组患者的5年生存率：并进一步按TNM分期和手术方式进行分层分析。结果低NLR组和高NLR组胃癌患者5年生存率分别为44．0％和12．2％（P〈0．01）。TNMⅠ、Ⅱ、ⅢA、ⅢB及Ⅳ期病例中,低NLR组和高NLR组的5年生存率分别为97．8％和33．3％、55．4％和32．0％、30．2％和11．1％、15．5％和8．3％、10．7％和2．1％．差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．01）。行D1、D2、D3、D4根治性手术及姑息性手术病例中,低NLR组和高NLR组的5年生存率分别为93．3％和33．3％、51．3％和20．4％、42．4％和10．5％、14.3％和2．0％、8．3％和2．2％。差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．01）。结论NLR可以作为胃癌患者的预后因素,术前NLR大于3．79提示胃癌患者预后不良。     

血小板/淋巴细胞比值、中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值与慢性肾脏病关系的研究进展

中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、血小板/淋巴细胞比值(PLR)是近年来研究炎症标志物的热点,较其他白细胞成分具有更高的稳定性。研究发现,PLR、NLR在慢性肾脏病(CKD)中有广泛的应用,参与炎症反应、心血管并发症、肾性贫血等,影响着CKD的发生、发展及预后,同时在高血压肾损伤、糖尿病肾损伤、狼疮肾炎等疾病中都有相关研究。本文拟对PLR、NLR在CKD中的研究进展作一综述,以期为PLR、NLR用于CKD及相关并发症的预测提供依据,并为进一步开展PLR、NLR在CKD中的作用机制研究提供思路和参考。     

维持性血液透析患者中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值与左心室肥厚的关系

目的检测维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis,MHD)患者中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio,NLR)水平,探讨其与左心室肥厚(left ventricular hypertrophy,LVH)相关性。方法选择2018年1月至2019年8月于凉山州第一人民医院肾脏内科行MHD患者96例,获取所有患者NLR中位数并将其分为高NLR组(NLR3.31,n=47)和低NLR组(NLR≤3.31,n=49),比较2组基线资料、心脏超声指标[左房舒张末内径(LAEDd)、左室收缩末内径(LVEDs)、射血分数(EF)、左心室质量指数(LVMI)]、实验室检测指标[NLR、脑钠肽、Hb、白蛋白(Alb)、血钙]、血脂水平,统计LVH发生率;根据是否发生LVH分为LVH组和非LVH组,多因素分析LVH发生高危因素,ROC曲线分析NLR对LVH发生的预测价值。结果 NLR与SBP、LAEDd、LVEDs、LVMI、NLR、BNP、Alb、LDL-C、胆固醇、非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、Cr均呈正相关(P0.05),与DBP呈负相关(P0.05)。经彩色多普勒超声检查结果确定高NLR组LVH发生率高于低NLR组LVH发生率;年龄、SBP、LAEDd、LVEDs、LVMI、NLR、脑钠肽、Alb、LDL-C、胆固醇、非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、Cr是LVH发生高危因素(P0.05),且NLR相对危险比(OR)最大。NLR是预测LVH发生的预测因子(P0.05)。结论 NLR值与MHD患者LVH的发生和发展密切相关,关注NLR变化对防治LVH具有较高价值。     

术前中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值对乳腺癌改良根治术预后的影响

目的:探讨术前外周血中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)对乳腺癌改良根治术患者预后的影响。方法:回顾分析沈阳军区总医院普通外科2002年1月—2005年1月收治的180例行改良根治术的乳腺癌患者的临床资料,根据术前外周血中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞的比值(NLR)分为两组,以NLR=6.0为分界值,采用卡方检验分析NLR与临床病理特征的关系,采用Kaplan-Meier预后曲线和COX回归模型分析NLR与乳腺癌临床病理特征及预后的关系。结果:术前高NLR与乳腺癌肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移、TNM分期相关(P<0.05)。Kaplan-Me ie r预后曲线提示术前高NLR组无进展生存期和总生存期均显著低于低NLR组(P<0.05)。单因素和多因素COX回归分析提示术前高NLR、肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移以及TNM分期与乳腺癌无进展生存期和总生存期显著相关(P<0.05)。结论:术前高NLR是影响乳腺癌改良根治术后生存期的独立危险因素。     

入院早期中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值对脓毒症患者病情判断及预后预测的价值

目的:评估中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)对脓毒症患者早期病情判断及预后预测的价值。方法:回顾性分析138例成人脓毒症患者的临床资料,记录28 d预后情况。收集患者性别、年龄、基础疾病,入院1 d内血常规、降钙素原(PCT)、肝肾功能、动脉血气分析、原发感染部位、感染病原体种类,计算APACHEⅡ评分和SOFA评分,记录入院2 d和3 d血常规检测结果,计算出院前3 d 的NLR。根据患者28 d生存情况分为存活组和死亡组,比较两组患者中性粒细胞计数(NEU)、淋巴细胞计数(LYM)、NLR的变化水平。采用Logistic回归分析筛选脓毒症患者28 d死亡的高危因素;绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,评估NLR对脓毒症患者28 d死亡的预测价值;采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析脓毒症患者28 d累积生存情况。结果:共有60例脓毒症患者纳入分析,其中28 d内存活34例,死亡26例。两组患者NEU水平和NLR水平在入院1、2、3 d逐渐降低,LYM水平在入院1、2、3 d逐渐升高;且死亡组NEU水平在3 d显著低于存活组(P＜0.05),死亡组NLR在入院1、2、3 d均明显高于存活组(均P＜0.05),死亡组LYM水平在2 d、3 d显著高于存活组(均P＜0.05)。Logistic回归单因素分析显示:入院3 d NEU、2 d LYM、3 d LYM及各时间点NLR与脓毒症患者28 d死亡相关(均P＜0.05);多因素分析显示:入院1 d NLR、SOFA评分高是脓毒症患者28 d死亡的独立危险因素(均P＜0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,1 d、2 d和3 d NLR预测脓毒症患者28 d死亡风险的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.725、0.671和0.691,具有统计学意义。Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析显示,1 d NLR ≥17.40时,患者28 d累积生存率明显低于1 d NLR <17.40时(39.3% vs 71.9%;Log-rank χ2=10.745,P=0.001)。结论:入院时NLR升高能够协助脓毒症的早期诊断,升高的NLR对脓毒症患者28 d死亡风险具有良好的预测价值。     

中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值与阴茎癌预后的关联性

目的中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)与恶性肿瘤预后的关联性越来越受到研究人员的关注。本研究即分析NLR与阴茎癌患者预后的关联性。方法回顾性分析了21例在我院接受手术治疗的阴茎癌患者的有关数据,包括术前血常规数据、有无淋巴结转移、术后生存时间,绘制患者生存曲线,使用Log-rank test进行单变量生存分析,比较不同水平NLR的生存曲线,并以是否有淋巴结转移将患者分层后再次进行分析。结果 NLR2.5与NLR≥2.5对患者预后的影响有显著差异(P0.05)。分层分析后,无淋巴结转移时,NLR较高的患者预后较差。结论 NLR对接受手术治疗的阴茎癌患者的预后有提示意义,NLR较高的患者预后较差。     

Blood Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio is Prognostic in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor

Background

The immune system has been shown to play an important role in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in blood is an easily assessable parameter of systemic inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to determine whether the NLR is prognostic in GIST.

Methods

A total of 339 previously untreated patients with primary, localized GIST operated at our institution between 1995 and 2010 were identified from a prospectively collected sarcoma database. NLR was assessed preoperatively. Patients who received adjuvant imatinib treatment were excluded from the analysis (n = 64). Cox regression models were calculated and correlation analyses were performed.

Results

On univariate analysis, NLR was associated with recurrence-free survival (RFS) (P = 0.003, hazard ratio 3.3, 95 % confidence interval 1.5–7.4). Patients with a low NLR had a 1- and 5-year RFS of 98 and 91 %, compared with 89 and 76 % in those with a high NLR. The median RFS was not reached. Positive correlations were found between NLR and mitotic rate (Pearson correlation coefficient [r] = 0.15, P = 0.03), and NLR and tumor size (r = 0.36, P = 0.0001). RFS in patients with a GIST >5 cm with low NLR was significantly longer compared to patients with high NLR (P = 0.002). Flow cytometry analysis of freshly obtained GISTs revealed that neutrophils constituted a minimal percentage of intratumoral immune cells.

Conclusions

NLR is a surrogate for high-risk tumor features. Elevated blood NLR appears to represent systemic inflammation in patients with high-risk GIST.     

Risk Criteria and Prognostic Factors for Predicting Recurrences After Resection of Primary Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor

Background The introduction of adjuvant imatinib in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) raised debate over the accuracy of National Institutes of Health risk criteria and the significance of other prognostic factors in GIST. Methods Tumor aggressiveness and other clinicopathological factors influencing disease-free survival (DFS) were assessed in 335 patients with primary resectable CD117-immunopositive GISTs (median follow-up, 31 months after primary tumor resection) from a prospectively collected tumor registry. Results Overall median DFS was 37 months, and estimated 5-year DFS was 37.8 %. In univariate analysis, high or intermediate risk group (P < .000001), mitotic index >5/50 high-power field (P < .00001), primary tumor size >5 cm (P < .00001), nongastric primary location (P = .0001), male sex (P = .01), R1 resection/tumor rupture (P = .0003), and epithelioid cell or mixed cell pathological subtype (P = .05) negatively affected DFS. In multivariate analysis, statistically significant factors negatively influencing DFS for model 1 were mitotic index >5/50 high-power field (P = .004), primary tumor size >5 cm (P = .001), male sex (P = .003), R1 resection/tumor rupture (P = .04), and nongastric primary tumor location (P = .02), and for model 2 were high/intermediate risk primary tumor (P < .0001 and P = .008, respectively), male sex (P = .007), resection R1/tumor rupture (P = .01), and nongastric primary tumor location (P = .02). Five-year DFS for high, intermediate, and low/very low risk group was 20%, 54%, and 96%, respectively. Conclusions The risk criteria for assessing the natural course of primary GISTs were validated, but additional independent prognostic factors—primary tumor location and sex—were also identified.     

胃肠道间质瘤临床诊治分析(附48例报告)

目的探讨胃肠道间质瘤（GIST）的诊断与治疗。方法对我院1999年1月至2004年12月收治的48例GIST患者的病理特点及外科治疗进行回顾性分析。结果本组GIST发生部位：胃29例（60．4％），小肠11例（22．9％），结肠3例（6．3％），直肠4例（8．3％），肛管1例（2．1％）。主要临床表现为消化道出血（52．1％）和腹部肿块（35．4％），免疫组化表型CD117阳性率为83．3％（40／48），CD34阳性率为77．1％（37／48），SMA阳性率为27．1％（13／48），S-100阳性率为22．9％（11／48）。48例均行手术切除。全组术后均未行放、化疗，随访12-60个月，平均35个月，随访率为100％。良性及交界性患者均无复发；13例恶性者中6例复发，其中5例死亡。结论GIST在中老年人中好发，部位以胃及小肠最多见，以消化道出血、腹部肿块表现为主。肿瘤的大小是GIST良、恶性的重要临床指标。GIST的诊断有赖于病理形态学检查与免疫组化的结合。完整的局部手术切除是最有效的治疗手段。     

Prognostic Roles of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Stromal Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Their Relationship in Locally Advanced Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

IntroductionThe neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs) are associated with immunogenicity and prognosis of patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).ObjectiveTo investigated the prognostic roles of NLR and sTILs and their rela­tionship of TNBC patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).MethodsThe clinical data of 170 patients with locally advanced TNBC who received NAC from January 2010 to December 2014 were collected. The difference among variables was calculated by χ² test. The association between essential clinicopathological characteristics, pathological complete response (pCR), NLR, and sTILs with disease-free survival (DFS) was analyzed. Kaplan-Meier and Cox analysis were performed to address the effects of clinical parameters on prognosis.ResultsThere was a trend that TNBC patients with lower baseline NLR (NLR1) or higher sTILs scoring would obtain a better pCR rate. NLR1 and sTILs were not associated (p > 0.05). Patients with low NLR1 or high sTILs scoring had a significantly improved DFS compared to those with high NLR1 or low sTILs scoring (p = 0.002 and p = 0.001, respectively). The increased lymphocyte count in peripheral blood after NAC was associated with the improved DFS outcome in both high and low NLR1 groups. Cox analysis revealed that NLR1 and sTILs were independent prognostic predictors of DFS outcome (p < 0.001).ConclusionLow NLR1 and high sTILs were associated with better DFS outcome in locally advanced TNBC patients treated with NAC. Further studies are needed to explore the connection between systemic and local inflammatory/immune markers.     

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor of the Stomach: Report of a Case

We report herein the case of a 70-year-old woman found to have a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) of the stomach. Preoperative X-ray and endoscopic examination revealed a hemispheric submucosal tumor with central depression in the anterior wall of the gastric fornix. The tumor, which was 3 cm in diameter, was resected by a laparoscopy-assisted procedure. Histologic examination revealed that it was composed of spindle-shaped cells with elongated nuclei, and few mitoses. Most of the tumor cells showed immunoreactivity for vimentin and CD34, but not for α-smooth muscle actin, desmin, or S-100 protein. The PCNA index was 40.5%. Thus, the GIST did not show differentiation toward smooth muscle or neural cells. A gastrectomy was not performed because the small size of the tumor, and the paucity of the mitoses indicated that it was benign. Nevertheless, careful and long-term follow-up is needed to monitor for signs of possible local recurrence or distant metastases. Received: February 9, 2000 / Accepted: September 26, 2000     

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor of the Rectum: An Analysis of Seven Cases

Purpose Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) rarely originate in the rectum. We investigated the clinicopathologic characteristics of rectal GISTs. Methods We analyzed the medical records of seven patients who underwent surgery for GIST of the rectum between 1998 and 2003. Results There were two men and five women with a median age of 55 years (range, 41–72 years) at the time of diagnosis. The median follow-up period was 23 months (range, 7–75 months). The chief symptoms were hematochezia, constipation, and anal pain. All patients underwent curative resection; in the form of abdominoperineal resection in five patients, transanal excision in one, and Hartmann's operation with prostatectomy in one. The median tumor size was 6.6 cm (range, 1–12 cm). Four patients received adjuvant radiation therapy. Local recurrence developed in two patients; 54 months and 23 months after surgery, respectively. Conclusion The common symptoms of rectal GIST were the same as those of other rectal tumors. Curative surgical resection should be done, but further studies are necessary to investigate better adjuvant treatment strategies for patients with rectal GISTs     

胃肠道间质瘤伊马替尼术前治疗进展

目的 探讨伊马替尼术前治疗胃肠道间质瘤（gastrointestinal stromal tumor,GIST）的作用。 方法 采用文献复习的方法,对研究伊马替尼术前治疗GIST的文献加以综述。 结果 伊马替尼术前治疗是进展期GIST的有效治疗手段,能显著提高患者的手术切除率,延长总体生存时间。 结论 术前伊马替尼治疗转移性或局部进展期GIST疗效较好,应参考GIST基因分型结果个体化术前给药,值得进一步深入临床研究。     

Ectopic Pancreas of the Gastric Antrum Contiguous to a Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Manifesting as Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Report of a Case

A 54-year-old woman was referred to us for investigation of recurrent episodes of melena. Gastroduodenal endoscopic examination revealed a hemorrhagic, polypoid tumor, about 3 cm in diameter, in the posterior wall of the gastric antrum, near the greater curvature. The lesion had a smooth surface with ulceration, and was fixed to the sublying planes. The source of the bleeding was the mucosa overlying the tumor. We performed a distal subtotal gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y anastomosis. Histopathological examination of the resected specimen revealed an ectopic pancreas and a gastrointestinal stromal tumor contiguous to the ectopic pancreatic tissue in the gastric antrum. The patient was discharged after an uneventful postoperative course and has not experienced any recurrence of symptoms since.     

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor of the Rectum Resected by Laparoscopic Surgery: Report of a Case

A 53-year-old man visited our hospital with the chief complaint of pain on urination. On digital rectal examination, a rigid immobile tumor mass with a smooth surface was palpated on the anterior wall on the right side of the rectum near the anal canal. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pelvis revealed a heterogeneous tumor mass measuring 6.5 cm in diameter, which occupied the cavity of the lesser pelvis. This rectal tumor was diagnosed to be a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) based on the results of a transrectal needle biopsy. A laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection of the rectum was performed to remove the mass. The intraoperative findings showed an ambiguous boundary between the tumor and the rectum but clear boundaries between the tumor and the peripheral organs, and the use of a laparoscope allowed for a good separation by providing a good visual field. The bleeding volume was approximately 80 ml and the operative time was 320 min. The macroscopic findings of excised specimens of the mass showed the tumor, measuring 6.5 × 5.5 × 5.0 cm, to be growing extrinsically from the anterior wall on the right side of the rectum. A histological examination of the excised specimens revealed at most 5 mitoses per 50 high-power fields (×400). The tumor mass was diagnosed to be a GIST of low-grade malignancy based on these findings. The postoperative course was favorable, and there were no postoperative complications. The patient was discharged on the 8th hospital day. Laparoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive surgical procedure for rectal GIST, which is excellent in terms of esthetics. Laparoscopic surgery is therefore considered to be useful for a resection of the rectum, because the magnifying effect allows surgical maneuvers with a favorable visual field within the pelvis.     

胃肠道间质瘤的临床分析

目的探讨胃肠道间质瘤的临床诊断与治疗。方法回顾性分析95例胃肠道恶性间质瘤病人的临床资料。结果发生于胃、小肠、结直肠、肠系膜、大网膜的病例分别为65、25、2、2、1例；肿瘤直径1～10cm；其中恶性者47例，良性者48例；行根治性切除62例，行切除术31例，2例广泛转移者行肝结节活检。17例术后发生伤口感染，免疫组化指标：CD117、CD34、CK、EMA、S-100及Desmin阳性率分别为89．5％、86．3％、5．3％、0、9．5％及8．4％。随访80例，2例胃间质瘤广泛转移者分别于术后4月、6月死亡，17例术后5～25月死于其他疾病，余者均无瘤生存，5年生存率43．7％。结论提高对胃肠道间质瘤的认识，强化术中病理学检查及免疫组化检查，确定良恶性及恶性程度，采取合理规范的手术方式，对预后及防止复发有一定意义。