神经-免疫-内分泌网络与肠易激综合征

肠易激综合征(IBS)与神经-免疫-内分泌网络调节紊乱之间的联系尚未明确。此文分别从肠道神经控制、神经-免疫调节、神经-内分泌调节三个方面介绍该网络在IBS发病机制中的重要作用。     

肠易激综合征与神经-内分泌-免疫网络关系

肠易激综合征(irritable bowel syndrome,IBS)是最常见的功能性胃肠障碍,在亚洲国家患病率为2.9％～15.6％,与西方国家相似,影响多达20.0％的成年人[1].IBS发病机制尚未完全阐明,以往提出的内脏感觉过敏、脑肠作用、免疫等机制均难以全面解释.近年随着对IBS从单一生物模式向生物-心理-社会模式认识的转变,越来越多研究显示神经-内分泌-免疫网络调控异常在IBS发病中有重要作用,本文研究整理了相关国内外文献,从神经-内分泌-免疫网络角度探讨IBS发病机制.     

Cajal间质细胞与炎症性肠病关系的研究进展

Cajal间质细胞(ICC)主要分布在消化道平滑肌细胞与神经细胞之间,通常认为ICC是参与产生和传播消化道慢波的起搏细胞,并可通过传递和调节神经递质来调节胃肠道的活动,与肠道炎性反应的病理生理有关.炎症性肠病(IBD)是一种慢性非特异性炎性疾病,治疗困难,易复发,其病因和发病机制尚不明确.该文综述了ICC与IBD发生、...     

炎症性肠病相关内分泌疾病的研究进展

炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)是一种特发性肠道炎症性疾病,包括克罗恩病(Crohn's disease,CD)和溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC).IBD可累及皮肤、骨骼、肌、肺、肝、胆、肾脏等多个器官或系统,而IBD相关内分泌疾病相对少见.本文主要对...     

041 慢性肺心病急性加重期的神经内分泌免疫调节

慢性肺心病急性加重期常以下呼吸道感染为诱因,致心肺功能失代偿,由于病原微生物的侵入及急性加重期缺氧、二氧化碳潴留等,分别被免疫系统和神经内分泌系统所感知,作出相应的反应,并且相互作用,进而影响全身各个系统。     

肠易激综合征与神经免疫内分泌网络调控异常

肠易激综合征（IBS）与神经免疫内分泌网络调节之间的联系尚未明确。此文分别从神经系统异常、免疫系统异常、内分泌系统异常三个方面介绍该网络在IBS发病机制中的重要作用。     

炎症性肠病的遗传与免疫

炎症性肠病(IBD)是肠道慢性非特异性炎性疾病,包括溃疡性结肠炎(UC)和克罗恩病(CD),是常见的消化系统疾患之一.亚洲国家IBD患病率低于欧美国家,但近20年来国内发病率有明显上升趋势.     

肠神经胶质细胞与炎症性肠病

肠神经胶质细胞（EGC）是给予肠神经元支持和营养成分的细胞,具有维持肠神经系统（ENS）和上皮黏膜的完整性以及调节神经活动的功能。EGC可能在肠道炎症反应及免疫应答中起积极作用,EGC通过细胞因子和细胞受体的表达充当抗原提呈细胞的角色并与黏膜免疫相互作用。了解EGC与炎症性肠病（IBD）的关系有助于阐述IBD的病理生理基础,并对新的药理学干预的研制有重要作用。     

黏膜免疫与炎症性肠病

黏膜免疫被称之为“黑匣子”，它已成为21世纪生命科学研究领域中最受关注的课题。近年来，在黏膜免疫研究方面，基于基础医学和临床医学2个分支的共同努力，特别是对炎症性肠病(IBD)的发病机制与开发、研制新的治疗方法同步进行，更具有其独到之处。     

脑-肠轴与炎症性肠病关系的研究进展

炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)包括溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)和克罗恩病(Crohn's disease,CD),是一种慢性、复发性肠道炎症性疾病.在我国,I B D发病率逐年上升.现阶段对于I B D发病机制的研究,焦点多集中于遗传易感性、免疫调节、环境、感染等方面,但其病因仍未完全明确.近期IBD神经调节机制的研究也逐渐引起学者的关注.目前,诸多研究发现脑-肠轴的心理-神经-内分泌-免疫调节在I B D的发病中起着重要的作用,探讨其他心理治疗方法可能会成为IBD重要的辅助治疗方案.本文就近年来关于脑-肠轴与IBD的研究进展进行阐述.     

肠易激综合征与炎症性肠病

近年发现,炎症性肠病(IBD)患者发病早期或缓解期时常表现为肠易激综合征(IBs)症状,且IBD与IBS的临床表现具有一定的相似性。因而IBS与IBD的相关性受到广泛的重视。此文就IBS与IBD的发病机制及临床相关性予以阐述,以期为临床个体化治疗提供借鉴。     

Anemia and inflammatory bowel disease

Anemia is a most common complication of inflammatory bowel disease. A high frequency of low hemoglobin values in these patients often leads physicians to subestimate this condition, which translates into ineffective treatment. On the other hand, the complex nature of anemia-inducing mechanisms in inflammatory bowel disease frequently raises doubt about the most appropriate therapy. A correct identification of patients with anemia, and adequate therapy are the essential pillars for improved quality of life. The right use of iron supplementation, and novel parenteral iron formulations, either with or without associated erythropoietin, have revolutionized our approach of this complication in the course of inflammatory bowel disease.     

防御素与炎症性肠病

目前普遍认为炎症性肠病是在遗传背景的前提下,环境因素(如感染等)导致肠道免疫紊乱而发病.近年来.防御素(defensin)家族在先天性防御体系中的作用日益受到研究学者的重视.本文就防御素的种类、分布、基因表达调控、其抗微生物作用,以及其与炎症性肠病的关系和应用前景作一综述.     

Pregnancy and inflammatory bowel disease

Medical advice regarding the desire to have children and pregnancy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is often requested. The influence of IBD on pregnancy and--vice versa--of pregnancy on the activity of IBD is discussed. Based on three clinical cases the chances and limitations of medical treatment of CED during pregnancy are reviewed. Generally it is important to balance the therapy between the patients desire to be treated most effectively and to deliver a healthy child after an uncomplicated pregnancy. An interdisciplinary treatment is always advisable in patients with IBD and a desire to have children.     

Fibrogenesis and inflammatory bowel disease

A substantial proportion of patients with Crohn's disease develops intestinal stenosis due to anomalous fiber deposits. These patients frequently require resection of the affected segment. Despite its evident clinical significance, intestinal fibrogenesis has received little attention in comparison with research into hepatic, pulmonary, renal or cutaneous fibrosis. There seems to be a certain genetic predisposition to developing intestinal fibrosis. A meta-analysis has demonstrated that the three main variants of the NOD2/CARD15 gene are associated with this complication. In Crohn's disease, a series of alterations in collagen synthesis, expression of various pro- and anti-fibrogenic factors and intestinal fibroblast function have been described in the last few years. More recently, the development of intestinal fibrosis has been attenuated in several experimental models. Nevertheless, further studies are required to improve our understanding of intestinal fibrogenesis and to develop effective strategies for its prevention and treatment.     

MicroRNAs与炎症性肠病

炎症性肠病(IBD)的发病机制与免疫、炎症、损伤、遗传等因素密切相关。MicroRNAs是一类小的非编码RNA,其通过与靶基因3’UTR区结合,负向调控基因表达,在炎症性肠病的发病机制中发挥重要的作用。