基于错误逻辑矩阵的错误识别对象分类及应用研究

研究了错误识别对象的概念和特征,并选取七个特征组合建立了错误识别对象的错误逻辑矩阵表达式,讨论了错误识别对象的类型.最后,结合石塑地板产品质检过程,对于所进行检验的每一片石塑地板建立错误识别的对象逻辑矩阵,通过错误函数求错误值,识别错误的石塑地板对象,并根据错误石塑地板对象特征分类,采用相应的消避错方法进行运算和处理.     

经典错误逻辑的相似转化词

经典错误逻辑研究的是错误传递、转化的规律,它为决策中避免错误,消除错误,减小错误的危害提供了新的方法.相似转化词是经典错误逻辑中的一个重要转化词,定义了相似转化词的概念,研究了这个转化词所具有的性质和规律.     

模糊错误逻辑的组合转化词分析

模糊错误逻辑研究的是错误传递、转化的规律,它为决策中避免错误,消除错误,减小错误的危害提供了新的方法.组合转化词是模糊错误逻辑中的一个重要转化词,定义了组合转化词的概念.分析了这个转化词的性质和运算规律.     

二类1错误矩阵方程增优置换变换求解及其在城市交通管理中的应用研究

消错学的错误矩阵可表达错误逻辑里所定义的分解、相似、增加、置换、毁灭、单位变换等转化词,针对其中的置换变换,构建了二类1错误矩阵方程增优置换变换错误矩阵方程,并讨论了该类错误矩阵方程的求解.用交通管理问题对错误矩阵进行了举例,并构建相应的错误矩阵方程,利用上述的求解方法,对二类1方程置换变换进行了求解.     

基于模糊错误逻辑的投资结构优化研究

主要研究模糊错误逻辑的运算,设定了模糊错误逻辑的基本运算规则,对模糊错误逻辑公式、变量、真值、函数、字、子句、字组等概念进行定义,在此基础上,提出2个定理并予以证明,揭示了模糊错误逻辑在错误的传递、转化与消除过程中的运算规律和性质 ,然后建立了优化投资结构模糊错误逻辑模型.     

错误系统模型研究

本文研究了错误系统模型的基本组成部分,分析了错误系统模型的分类,并在此基础上对错误系统模型的层级进行了研究,最后给出了错误系统模型在消除系统错误以及优化系统中的意义。     

错误集的变换与错误的消除

对错误集C作了阐述,并介绍了相关的定义。再者,研究了错误集的有关运算及这些运算所满足的运算律;得出错误集的变换包括逆、或、积;错误集的变换类型包括单位变换、置换变换、分解变换、组合变换、毁灭变换、增加变换、相似变换的结论。最后,举例说明了错误集的变换与错误的消除。     

模糊错误集上的置换变换及其在投资决策中的应用

研究模糊错误集上的置换变换在错误的传递、转化与消除过程中的性质和规律 ,建立了避免投资决策错误的模糊数学模型 ,介绍了置换变换在消除投资决策错误中的应用方法 .     

基于错误逻辑相似变换构建网购用户评价有效集模型

基于错误逻辑相似转化联结词,给出了错误逻辑命题的论域、事物、空间、特征、量值、错误值、规则、错误函数、时间等参数的相似变换矩阵定义.文中给出了形式上为T(C_1)=C_2的相似变换错误矩阵方程模型.针对电子商务网购用户评价的网上抓取数据,定义了从包含若干无效评价的大集合向有效小集合变换的错误矩阵模型.模型是基于错误逻辑理论,从已知转化系数矩阵T,以及初始错误矩阵,向未知目标集合进行相似变换的知识推理探索.     

二类5包含型错误矩阵集合方程求解研究

在错误矩阵的基础上,提出了错误矩阵方程的类型.研究了当构成错误矩阵的元素是集合,且对于矩阵的每一行又恰好是一个错误逻辑命题的分解,这一类错误矩阵方程解的存在性,求解的方法等,并通过实例加以论证说明.     

Representations of Nature of Science in Selected Histories of Science in the Integrated Science Textbooks in China

This study aimed to examine the representations of nature of science (NOS) in the eight histories of science selected from three series of integrated science textbooks used in junior high school in China. Ten aspects of NOS were adopted in the analytical framework. It was found that NOS had not been well treated in the selected histories of science in the three series of science textbooks. Specifically, it was found that the empirical and inferential aspects were treated better than other aspects, and discrepancies existed among the three series of science textbooks and among the eight histories of science in terms of dealing with the target NOS aspects. Implications for addressing NOS in historical materials in science textbooks were discussed in the final part of this paper.     

Reasoning about variation in the intensity of change in covarying quantities involved in rate of change

This paper extends work in the area of quantitative reasoning related to rate of change by investigating numerical and nonnumerical reasoning about covarying quantities involved in rate of change via tasks involving multiple representations of covarying quantities. The findings suggest that by systematically varying one quantity, an individual could simultaneously attend to variation in the intensity of change in a quantity indicating a relationship between covarying quantities. The results document how a secondary student, prior to formal instruction in calculus, reasoned numerically and nonnumerically about covarying quantities involved in rate of change in a way that was mathematically powerful and yet not ratio-based. I discuss how coordinating covariational and transformational reasoning supports attending to variation in the intensity of change in quantities involved in rate of change.     

ARIMA模型在新疆巴州梅毒疫情预测中的应用

搜集2008-2014年新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州(简称巴州)梅毒月发病数据,采用时间序列分解方法(Time Series Decomposition methods)探讨该地区梅毒月发病率的季节性,建立ARIMA(0,1,1)(1,0,1)_(12)时间序列模型,模型预测值的动态趋势与实际发病率基本吻合,平均绝对百分比误差MAPE=17.36,具有较高的预测精度,可以较好的预测短期内梅毒的变化趋势,为梅毒的预防控制措施提供可靠依据.     

Tests of ordered hypotheses in linkage in heredity

The asymptotic null distribution of the likelihood ratio test for two cases of ordered hypotheses in a particular genetic model is considered. A simple iterative process is proposed in order to get the restricted estimates. It is shown that both tests have asymptotically a chi-bar squared distribution and the same size. A simulation study is also conducted in order to compare the usual unrestricted test with the corresponding one of ordered hypotheses. Finally, the results are extended to some special cases.     

Actions in the Category of Precrossed Modules in Lie Algebras

For any object L in the category of precrossed modules in Lie algebras PXLie, we construct the object Act(L), which we call the actor of this object. From this construction, we derive the notions of action, center, semidirect product, derivation, commutator, and abelian precrossed module in PXLie. We show that the notion of action is equivalent to the one given in semi-abelian categories, and Act(L) is the split extension classifier for L. In the case of a crossed module in Lie algebras we show how to recover its actor in the category of crossed modules from its actor in the category of precrossed modules.     

加权马尔科夫链在鄂尔多斯市年降水量预测中的应用

鄂尔多斯市是内蒙古自治区重要的农牧渔业生产区.本文采用样本均值—标准差分级法,将鄂尔多斯市11个气象站1961-2019年的年降水量序列划分为丰水年、偏丰水年、平水年、偏枯水年,枯水年5个状态;以年降水量序列各阶自相关系数rk为权值,建立了加权马尔科夫预测模型,对鄂尔多斯市2017年、2018年、2019年的年降水量数值和所处状态进行预测.结果显示相对误差分别为1.3%,6.9%,4.5%,预测精度较高,方法得当.于是利用精度检验后的加权马尔科夫模型预测了鄂尔多斯市2020年降水量为312.81mm,划分为平水年.同时利用马尔科夫模型的遍历性,讨论了鄂尔多斯市年降水量的极限分布和丰枯状态重现期.研究结果表明,鄂尔多斯市59a来降水过程中枯水年、偏枯水年、平水年、偏丰水年、丰水年5种状态出现的概率分别为0.1358、0.1941、0.3693、0.1926、0.1083,即出现平水年的可能性最大,重现期为2.71a;出现丰水年的可能性最小,重现期为9.23a.上述研究结果与降水量序列及所处状态是保持一致的,由此可见利用加权马尔科夫链预测鄂尔多斯地区的年降水量是可行且有效的.     

Influence of friction in material characterization in microindentation measurement

A comprehensive computational study is undertaken to identify the influence of friction in material characterization by indentation measurement based on elasto- plastic solids. The impacts of friction on load versus indentation depth curve, and the values of calculated hardness and Young’s modulus in conical and spherical indentations are shown in this paper. The results clearly demonstrate that, for some elasto-plastic materials, the curves of load versus indentation depth obtained either by spherical or conical indenters with different friction coefficients, cannot be distinguished. However, if utilizing the parameter β (see text for details), to quantify the deformation of piling-up or sinking-in, it is easy to find that the influence of friction on piling-up or sinking-in in indentation is significant. Therefore, the material parameters which are related to the projected area will also have a large error caused by the influence of friction. The maximum differences on hardness and Young’s modulus can reach 14.59% and 6.78%, respectively, for some elastic materials shown in this paper. These results do not agree with those from researchers who stated that the instrumented indentation experiments are not significantly affected by friction.     

Distribution of Magnetization in the Vicinity of Point Defects in Ferromagnetics

The localized distributions of magnetization, which slowly decrease with distance in the vicinity of magnetic imperfections in homogeneously magnetized ferromagnetics, were calculated in this work. It is shown that, in the case of the slowest decrease with distance, such distributions of magnetization interact with the domain wall, according to a formula that differs from that for the energy of the interaction between the homogeneous magnetic defect and the domain wall. The potential of the interaction between such imperfections was obtained.     

An exploration of students’ errors in derivatives in a university of technology

This paper reports on an exploration of errors that were displayed by students who studied mathematics in chemical engineering in derivatives of various functions such as algebraic, exponential, logarithmic and trigonometric functions. The participants of this study were a group of twenty students who were at risk in an extended curriculum programme in a university of technology in Western Cape, South Africa. The researcher used a qualitative case study approach and collected data from students’ written work. This research uses action, process, object, and schema (APOS) theory to classify errors into categories and to analyse and interpret the data collected. The students displayed five different kinds of errors, namely, conceptual, interpretation, linear extrapolation, procedural and arbitrary. The use of APOS theory as a framework revealed that several students’ errors might be caused by over-generalisation of mathematical rules and properties such as the power rule of differentiation and distributive property in manipulation of algebraic expressions. This study suggests that teaching of the standard rules of differentiation should put emphasis on its restrictions to eliminate common errors that normally crop up due to over-generalisation of certain differentiation rules.     

Methodological Issues in Studying Effects of Networks in Organizations

Three methodological issues are discussed that are important for the analysis of data on networks in organizations. The first is the two-level nature of the data: individuals are nested in organizations. This can be dealt with by using multilevel statistical methods. The second is the complicated nature of statistical methods for network analysis. The third issue is the potential of mathematical modeling for the study of network effects and network evolution in organizations. Two examples are given of mathematical models for gossip in organizations. The first example is a model for cross-sectional data, the second is a model for longitudinal data that reflect the joint development of network structure and individual behavior tendencies.