教师资格证国家考试视野下高师本科化学专业课程体系构建

以教师资格证国家考试和专业认证实施为背景,在分析目前地方本科院校化学专业课程体系和学生应具备的知识、能力基础上,以培养既具有深厚的化学专业知识和渊博的化学教育知识,又具有化学教育教学实践能力的未来中学化学教师,并能保证大多数学生顺利通过国家教师资格证考试为目的,构建了化学专业知识、化学教育知识、化学教育实践能力培养及科学与技术有机结合的新课程体系。     

化学专业本科生创新能力培养的探索与实践

化学是一门实践性很强的学科,因此,在化学专业人才培养的教育中实施大学生科研训练计划尤为重要,是培养学生创新精神与实践能力、提高学生综合素质的重要环节。本文介绍了浙江大学化学专业本科生科研训练计划实施的实践和取得的成效。     

美国化学教育专业博士培养方案研究

基于学科的教育研究人才的培养对于深入推进教育改革具有重要意义。研究了美国6所大学的化学教育专业博士培养方案,分析了其培养目标、课程设置、科研要求、教学实践要求等方面的特点。结果发现：其培养目标既指向基础教育又指向高等教育;课程设置强调化学专业知识、教育理论和研究方法三位一体;科研要求注重科学研究态度的培养和科学研究能力的训练;教学实践要求为将来走上工作岗位奠定基础。结合与其相对应的我国化学课程与教学论专业博士培养方案,提出了明确并扩展培养目标、提高化学专业课程要求、强化研究方法课程、重视教学实践能力等启示。     

以创新培养为主线构建综合化学实验与科研训练体系

针对地方大学既培养基础性化学人才,又服务于地域经济社会发展的特点,提出了构建化学学科本科各专业一体化教学实验平台。该平台分为“基础化学实验”和“综合化学实验与科学研究训练”两个层次。后一层次是目前改革实践的重点。综合化学实验与科学研究训练体系划分为综合化学实验和科学研究训练两个阶段：综合化学实验又包括化学各专业通修的化学综合实验和分专业选修的专业综合实验两个层次,以满足基础性和应用性两种类型学生的需求;科学研究训练则通过科学研究成果转化形成的科研综合实验和介入教师科学研究工作的科学研究课题两个层次,培养学生的科学思维和能力。这样的体系概述为多层次递进式创新素质培养科学综合实验体系。通过这一实验体系,探索实践通识教育和专业教育有机结合,同时又着力体现“加强基础、淡化专业”的教育理念。     

提高化学师范学生实践与创新能力的实践探索

师范生教育实践和创新能力是教师培养的薄弱环节,为此,西北师范大学化学化工学院通过实施教师教育能力和科研创新能力提升计划等举措,着重加强对学生教学实践和创新能力的培养,主要采用实践环节教学与中学教学实际相结合、专业学习与科研创新有效结合等方法,有效提高了化学师范生的实践与创新能力。     

中学化学人文教育的实验

新一轮课程改革把学科中的人文教育作为重要的目标提了出来,随着对化学人文教育的深入研究,文章提出了围绕人文读物的自主阅读综合实践的形式来开展中学化学人文教育,学生人文教育的成效通过读书报告来进行交流和评价.通过实验,中学化学人文教育在提高学生对化学认识、提高学生的化学成绩、提高学生的化学专业选择率及提高学生的综合能力等方面发挥了积极作用.     

全程渗透全程培养全面发展师范生的化学教育教学能力及素质

本文从目前高师化学系学生教育教学素质和能力的培养模式以及教学论系列课程的教学改革实践的现状及其需要出发,在调查研究的基础上提出了全程渗透全程培养全面发展师范生的化学教育教学能力及素质的培养模式及基本策略。     

高师院校化学（教育）专业实验内容改革探索与实践

分析了高师院校化学（教育）专业实验课程（又称化学教学论实验课程）的教学目标和教学现状,结合教学实际提出了高师院校化学（教育）专业实验课程的内容改革方案：（1）重视基础实验,强化训练实验技能;（2）增加探究实验,培养实验探究能力;（3）加强设计实验,着力培养实验教学能力;（4）拓展课程内容,提高实验创新能力。根据这些实验课程内容改革方案,并进行了相应的教学实践。     

提高化学硕士研究生科研能力培养体系的研究

基于研究生现有知识和能力不足的情况,为了提高学术型化学硕士研究生的实际能力,提出了以学生科研理念培养为中心的理论教学模式,构建“协同1+3”培养模式。尤其是注重课题组的人文教育理念对学生实践能力发展的影响。     

开放办学背景下化学类通识教育对大学生创新意识与批判思维培养的探索

在开放办学的背景下,以提高学生能力为导向,对化学类通识课程进行改革。采用开放教学方式,通过网络课程建设、组织学生进行社会实践,探究其中的化学问题,将理论教学与实践教学有机结合,培养学生对化学的兴趣和求知欲,让学生做学习的主人;通过探讨和解决具体问题,培养学生的创新实践能力和综合素质,以期融培养学生的化学素养与人文精神于一体,实现化学类通识教育与大学生创新意识及批判思维培养的有机结合。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.