一种软件定义网络带内控制连接建立方法

鉴于软件定义网络（Software Defined Network,SDN）中带外控制方式的代价及成本较高,基于带内连接网络拓扑,提出了一种SDN带内控制连接建立方法。该方法首先通过链路层发现协议（Link Layer Discovery Protocol,LLDP）完成SDN控制器IP分发和SDN交换机IP分配,其中SDN交换机IP分配采用基于可变长子网掩码（Variable Length Subnet Mask,VLSM）的全自动IP分配技术来实现;之后,基于无类别域间路由（Classless Inter domain Routing,CIDR）的路由聚合技术实现带内路由自动构建。实验结果表明,该方法能够实现SDN交换机与SDN控制器带内控制连接的自动建立,减小了SDN网络的配置复杂度和部署难度,同时使SDN交换机路由表条目数量得到控制,降低了带内路由构建的复杂性,为SDN控制平面与转发平面控制信道的建立提供了设计参考。     

软件定义网络中基于时延和负载的多控制器部署策略研究

多控制器体系结构的出现,解决了经典软件定义网络(SDN)架构控制层以单一集中控制器为主,在大规模网络环境中的可扩展性问题.在多控制器体系结构中,由于生成转发规则并将其填充到交换机的任务被委托给了控制器,网络的性能在很大程度上取决于控制器的放置.该文以降低总时延和均衡控制器间负载为目标,提出了一种基于子网划分的多控制器部...     

基于SDN的多控制器部署策略的研究

随着SDN在大型网络以及广域网中的需求,如何合理、高效地部署SDN控制器,从而以较低的部署成本,获得较好的网络性能,是当前研究的热点.针对控制器数量、部署位置问题以及交换机与控制器之间的映射关系的问题,首先给出一种分布式的控制器部署方式并设定了网络相关参数,以流建立请求代价为优化目标,提出了一种基于贪心算法的控制器部署策略方案.最后通过仿真实验将所提出方案与ACL方案进行对比,证明了所提方案在性能方面有一定的提升.     

基于流量工程的软件定义网络控制资源优化机制

针对软件定义网络(SDN)分布式控制平面中由于网络分域管理所引发的控制扩张问题,该文提出了一种基于流量工程的SDN控制资源优化(TERO)机制。首先基于数据流的路径特征对流请求的控制资源消耗进行分析,指出通过调整控制器和交换机的关联关系可以降低控制资源消耗。然后将控制器关联过程分为两个阶段:先设计了最小集合覆盖算法来快速求解大规模网络中控制器关联问题;在此基础上,引入联合博弈策略来优化控制器和交换机的关联关系以减少控制资源消耗和控制流量开销。仿真结果表明,与现有的控制器和交换机就近关联机制相比,该文机制能在保证较低控制流量开销的前提下,节省约28%的控制资源消耗。     

面向数据中心异构SDN的网络协同编排平台设计与实现

软件定义网络（SDN）技术为高速发展的云计算提供了网络解决方案,而数据中心SDN的规模化部署必然带来SDN异构互通、统一管理和协同编排需求。在研究SDN异构互通、北向接口标准化和协同编排等关键技术及其发展现状的基础上,提出通过网络协同编排平台SDN Hub实现跨域、跨厂商、跨SDN控制器互通和互操作的方法,并给出了平台的方案设计和系统实现,最终实验结果证明,平台具备多控制器接入和异构资源池调度能力。     

基于无线信号不规则性的无线传感网层次型拓扑控制算法

构建层次型拓扑结构是延长网络生存时间的有效方法。该文将拓扑构建过程分为由簇成员组成的感知层和由簇头组成的平面数据转发层,建立了基于无线信号不规则性的网络能耗模型以及节点成簇稳定性模型,提出了基于无线信号不规则性的层次型拓扑控制(WSIBTC)算法。WSIBTC算法根据节点平均有效传输距离将监测区域划分为多个子区域,由成簇稳定性和节点在簇中的位置决定最终簇头,簇头间形成平面拓扑结构,延长网络生存时间。分析和仿真结果表明由WSIBTC算法得到的网络拓扑大幅度地提升了网络生存时间。     

SDN中基于效能优化的交换机动态迁移策略

交换机迁移作为一种弹性控制方式对于软件定义网络（SDN）中多控制器负载均衡具有重要作用.针对现有迁移方案存在迁移效率低下和高迁移代价问题，提出基于效能优化的交换机动态迁移策略.首先，分析控制器负载组成并构建负载差异矩阵，设置触发因子进行负载不均衡判定.然后确定迁移对象，建立迁移效能模型，同时考虑负载均衡率和迁移代价来确定迁移交换机和迁入控制器.最后，通过设定迁移三元组完成迁移映射，实现高效交换机迁移.仿真结果表明，该策略可以有效降低控制器响应时间，减小迁移代价并提高控制器吞吐量，同时将负载均衡率保持在较高水平，具有良好的拓扑适应性.     

IP网络DC化重构解决方案

通信进入4.0时代,面临着诸如刚性管道、封闭网元、垂直分割等多种困境.而未来网络的架构设计和组网布局将以DC为核心,通过网络节点重塑,引入边缘DC、区域DC和中心DC的多级DC部署方案,利用SDN/NFV技术双轮驱动和跨域协同,实现网络DC化重构.     

生存性条件约束下的软件定义光网络控制器部署算法

软件定义光网络(SDON)作为智能光网络中最新一代网络架构,其控制平面承载着诸多核心功能,其中控制平面的生存性、控制冗余和控制时延等因素对网络整体性能起到至关重要的作用。该文提出一种以生存性条件为约束的软件定义光网络(SCD)控制器部署算法,在保证用户对网络生存性需求的前提下,利用最短路径和极小支配集等数学原理来降低控制时延和减少控制器部署个数,降低控制冗余,并利用联合判决条件选择管控中心部署节点,协调控制器间的工作。实验表明:首先,所提算法可以百分之百保证用户对网络的生存性要求;其次,所提算法相对于C-MPC算法至少降低了15%的网络故障告警概率,提高了网络生存性;同时,相对于以时延为约束的部署算法减少了约40%的控制器部署个数。特别是在生存性要求较高的场景中,所提算法表现出良好的适应性。此外,管控中心的部署算法在复杂的大规模网络中,可以动态地满足用户对网络生存性不同程度的需求。     

一种SDN中基于熵值计算的异常流量检测方法

摘要：软件定义网络（software defined networking,SDN）是一种新型网络创新架构,其分离了控制平面与转发平面,使得网络管理更为灵活。借助SDN控制与转发分离的思想,在SDN基础上引入一个集中式安全中心,在数据平面设备上采集数据,用于对网络流量进行分析,通过熵值计算和分类算法判断异常流量行为。对于检测到的网络异常情况,安全中心通过与SDN控制器的接口通告SDN控制器上的安全处理模块,进行流表策略的下发,进而缓解网络异常行为。通过本系统可以在不影响SDN控制器性能的情况下,快速检测网络中的异常行为,并通过SDN下发流表策略对恶意攻击用户进行限制,同时对SDN控制器进行保护。     

Balanced multiple controllers placement with latency and capacity bound in software-defined network

Software-defined network (SDN) used a network architecture which separates the control plane and data plane. The control logic of SDN was implemented by the controller. Because controller's capacity was limited, in large scale SDN networks, single controller can not satisfy the requirement of all switches. Multiple controllers were needed to han-dle all data flows. By the reason that the latency between controller and switch would significantly affect the forwarding of new data flow, the rational placement of controllers would effectively improve the performance of entire network. By partition the network into multiple sub domains, on the base of spectral clustering, a method that added a balanced de-ployment object function into k-means was given and a balanced multiple controllers placement algorithm in SDN net-works which has the latency and capacity limitations was proposed. In this approach, a penalty function was introduced in the algorithm to avoid isolation nodes appearing. The simulations show that this algorithm can balance partition the net-work, keep the latency between controller and switch small and keep loads balancing between controllers.     

Research on switch migration method based on minimum cost path

In order to protect the controller,especially the controller in backbone network,from security threats and attacks,improve the security of the software-defined network (SDN) control plane,a switch migration algorithm based on minimum cost path was proposed.A load prediction module was added to the migration model,which executed a controller load prediction algorithm to obtain a load prediction matrix,and then a migration-target controller set was determined according to the load prediction matrix.The improved Dijkstra algorithm was used to determine the minimum cost path.According to the load state of the controller and the traffic priority of the switch to be migrated,the optimal migration switch set was determined.The problem of isolated nodes was solved that may occur during the migration process.The experimental results show that the migration timing of the algorithm is more reasonable,the selection of the migration controller and the target controller is more reasonable,the load balancing of the control plane is realized,the number of migrations and cost are reduced,and the performance of the controller is improved.     

Dynamic SDN controller placement based on latency in LEO satellite network

In view of the problem of large network latency when the controller synchronized information to maintain the global network view,the latency-based SDN controller on-demand placement scheme was proposed.Firstly,the satellite subnet division method based on redundant coverage was designed according to the relative velocity of satellite and terminal.Then,the controller placement model was established by analyzing the response latency of the satellite distributed control.Finally,the controller placement problem was transformed into the soft capacitated facility location problem,and the approximation algorithm was designed to solve the model.The experimental results show that the proposed scheme can optimize network latency while meeting networking coverage demands.     

Dynamic control plane management for software‐defined networks

Software‐defined network (SDN) is an emerging network paradigm that allows flexible network management by providing programmability from a separated control plane. Because of the centralized management scheme that SDN adopts, intensive control plane overhead incurs as the scale of SDN increases. The control plane overhead is mainly caused by a massive amount of control messages generated during data plane monitoring and reactive flow instantiation. By far, very few works have addressed the overhead issue on reaction flow instantiation; therefore, we mainly focus on alleviating such overhead in this work. To achieve this goal, we propose a new control plane management (CPMan) method. CPMan aims to realize the following two objectives: first, reduce the number of control messages exchanged through the control channel and second, evenly distribute the control workload across multiple controllers to mitigate the potential performance bottleneck. To realize the former, we propose a lightweight feedback loop‐based control scheme, whereas for the latter, we propose a dynamic switch‐to‐controller (DSC) placement scheme. To show the feasibility of our proposal, we implemented a prototype of the two proposed schemes on top of a carrier‐grade SDN controller and validated its performance in an emulated network. We achieved approximately 57.13% overhead reduction with feedback loop‐based control scheme, while achieved approximately 98.68% balance ratio with DSC placement scheme. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Survey of controller placement problem in software defined network

In order to change situation of high management complexity in current Internet,software defined network (SDN) was proposed,which mainly aimed to directly control forwarding behaviors of data-flow by using flow strategies generated by controllers.With the deployment and applications of SDN,research communities found that the controller placement in SDN network could directly affect network performance.In recent years,controller placement problem (CPP) has become a hot topic,where performance metric and searching algorithms are important research areas.Based on current researches,the existing controller placement problem was systematically analyzed and summarized,which was expected to be helpful for the follow-up research.     

Dynamic switch migration with noncooperative game towards control plane scalability in SDN

As software‐defined networking (SDN) is a logically centralized technology, the control plane scalability in SDN is increasingly important with the network scale increasing. Load balancing and maximizing resource utilization are very critical to the control plane in SDN, while switch migration is an effective approach to achieve these two performance metrics. However, switch migration is NP‐hard problem because it belongs to the problem of combinatorial optimization. To avoid the NP‐hard problem, we propose a switch migration scheme by adopting noncooperative game to improve the control plane scalability in SDN. First, we design a novel load balancing monitoring scheme to detect the load imbalance between controllers and trigger migrating switches. Then, we use noncooperative game among controllers to decide switch migration to get the maximizing overall profits. Last, we prove that our proposed approach can get Pareto optimality. Extensive simulations prove that our method is able to achieve a more scalable control plane with load balancing and maximizing resource utilization.     

面向SDN网络虚拟化平台的控制器放置算法

随着网络技术发展,以网络虚拟化为手段解决TCP/IP网络体系结构僵化问题已成为未来网络领域发展的主流方向之一.SDN(software defined networking,软件定义网络)作为一种新兴的网络体系结构,为网络虚拟化提供了有效的解决方案.首先总结了当前具有代表性的SDN网络虚拟化平台,并对比了SDN与传统网络环境中部署虚拟网的区别,然后针对SDN网络虚拟化平台中的虚拟网络映射问题,提出一种时延敏感的虚拟化控制器放置算法,最后通过实验验证了该算法在提高网络资源的利用效率的同时,保证了控制器与底层交换机的通信时延在可接受范围之内.     

软件定义网络中可靠性优化控制器的位置研究(英)

By decoupling control plane and data plane,Software-Defined Networking(SDN) approach simplifies network management and speeds up network innovations.These benefits have led not only to prototypes,but also real SDN deployments.For wide-area SDN deployments,multiple controllers are often required,and the placement of these controllers becomes a particularly important task in the SDN context.This paper studies the problem of placing controllers in SDNs,so as to maximize the reliability of SDN control networks.We present a novel metric,called expected percentage of control path loss,to characterize the reliability of SDN control networks.We formulate the reliability-aware control placement problem,prove its NP-hardness,and examine several placement algorithms that can solve this problem.Through extensive simulations using real topologies,we show how the number of controllers and their placement influence the reliability of SDN control networks.Besides,we also found that,through strategic controller placement,the reliability of SDN control networks can be significantly improved without introducing unacceptable switch-to-controller latencies.     

SO-CPP: Sailfish optimization-based controller placement in IoT-enabled software-defined wireless sensor networks

One of the expanding network topologies that is frequently utilized to improve network development by successfully separating the control plane and data plane is software-defined networking (SDN). In order to function inside complex sensor networks, the SDWSN system frequently relies on centralized controller logic that pulls global network information. In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), using several SDN controllers is known as a promising strategy due to reliability and performance considerations. However, using numerous controllers increases the synchronization overhead between the controllers. Consequently, it is a difficult research challenge to discover the best placement of SDN controllers to enhance the performance of a WSN, subject to the maximum number of controllers calculated based on the synchronization overhead. This research introduces a novel technique to overcome the controller placement problem (CPP) by optimizing multi-constraints within the sensor networks. For selecting the optimal controllers and placing them in an optimal location, a novel sailfish optimization (SO) strategy is introduced that can enhance the search space and maintain optimal global values throughout the iteration. Then, node clustering is performed using the fuzzy-C-means (FCM) clustering technique, which can reduce energy consumption and path delay within the network. The overall latency obtained by the proposed method is about 0.51 and 0.56 ms, and a total run time of 4 ms for both single sink and multi-sink, respectively. The proposed method is implemented in the MATLAB platform, and different performance metrics are analyzed and compared with existing techniques.