Jute reinforced polyester structures

Large diameter pipes and structures are manufactured with jute reinforced polyester resin. A modified filament winding machine is used to take the jute cloth on the rotating mold acting as a collapsible mandrel. The effect of calendering, fillers and poly(vinyl acetate) on jute reinforcing cloth and the results on the ultimate mechanical properties of the composite are studied. The effect of load during the curing of polyester and its effect on the strength of structure is reported. These findings are used in manufacturing of large diameter structures with improved mechanical properties.     

黄麻纤维增强不饱和聚酯树脂初步研究

以油酸为偶联剂,将氢氧化钠-油酸处理后的黄麻纤维布作为填充材料制备了不饱和聚酯复合材料,并对氢氧化钠处理黄麻纤维的适宜浓度、复合材料的拉伸强度、冲击强度、吸水率进行了研究测试。结果表明:氢氧化钠的适宜浓度为20%,黄麻纤维增强不饱和聚酯树脂的冲击强度及拉伸强度最大值分别为12.75 kJ/m2和33.05 MPa,复合材料的最大吸水率为4.07%。经油酸处理的黄麻纤维可有效提高不饱和聚酯复合材料的性能。     

Fiber matrix interactions in jute reinforced polyester resin

The effect on packing resulting from the filling of unsaturated polyester resin with fillers and jute fibers has been investigated. The influence of absorbed water on the interfacial interactions involved in the fiber matrix system of the jute reinforced polyester resin also are discussed. An approach to reduce water absorption and soluble matter lost from the jute reinforced polyester resin is proposed.     

Effect of the atmospheric plasma treatment parameters on jute fabric: The effect on mechanical properties of jute fabric/polyester composites

The effect of atmospheric air plasma treatment of jute fabrics on the mechanical properties of jute fabric reinforced polyester composites was investigated. The jute fabrics were subjected to different plasma powers (60, 90, and 120 W) for the exposure times of 1, 3, and 6 min. The effects of plasma powers and exposure times on interlaminar shear strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength of polyester based composites were evaluated. The greatest ILSS increase was about 171% at plasma power of 120 W and exposure time of 6 min. It is inferred that atmospheric air plasma treatment improves the interfacial adhesion between the jute fiber and polyester. This result was also confirmed by scanning electron microscopy observations of the fractured surfaces of the composites. The greatest tensile strength and flexural strength values were determined at 120 W for 1 min and at 60 W for 3 min, respectively. Moreover, it can be said that atmospheric air plasma treatment of jute fibers at longer exposure times (6 min) made a detrimental effect on tensile and flexural properties of jute‐reinforced polyester composites. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Biodegradable jute cloth reinforced thermoplastic copolyester composites: fracture and failure behaviour

Abstract

Jute cloth reinforced, fully biodegradable thermoplastic composites were produced by the film stacking technique, with a semicrystalline copolyester (Ecoflex) as the matrix material. The jute cloth content varied between 0, 20 and 40 wt-% in the sheets produced by hot pressing. Specimens cut from the sheets were subjected to in plane static and out of plane dynamic loading, and the related fracture and failure behaviours were studied. The jute cloth proved to be a useful reinforcement to enhance in plane mechanical properties. The J integral concept (J–R curve) was adopted to assess the fracture behaviour of the composites. Crack propagation in single edge notched tensile (SEN-T) loaded specimens was detected using position resolved acoustic emission (AE). Acoustic emission was also used to characterise the failure. Surprisingly, no beneficial effect of the jute cloth was observed in the out of plane, namely instrumented falling weight impact (IFWI) test. This could be explained by the characteristics of the jute cloth used (the large mesh size increases the tendency to disintegrate when stretched at high strain rates) and by its moderate adhesion toward the matrix.     

十二烷基磷酸单酯抗静电性能研究

按照GB/T 16801-1997中的方法对十二烷基磷酸单酯的抗静电性能进行研究,考察了十二烷基磷酸单酯钾盐、钠盐、三乙醇胺盐以及未中和的磷酸单酯对聚酯布的抗静电性能,结果表明:钾盐和未中和的磷酸单酯对聚酯布的抗静电效果较好。在确定了使用钾盐和未中和的磷酸单酯作为抗静电剂的条件下,考察了它们的质量浓度对聚酯布抗静电性能的影响,结果表明:当单酯钾盐的质量浓度为4 g/L,单酯为6 g/L时,对聚酯布的抗静电性能较好。在单酯钾盐的质量浓度为4 g/L,单酯为6 g/L时,考察了它们对聚酯布、棉布和腈纶布的抗静电效果,结果表明:它们对腈纶布的抗静电效果都好于其他2种布。在考察了十二烷基磷酸单酯的抗静电性能后,对其抗静电机理进行了探讨。     

Thermomechanical properties of alkali treated jute‐polyester/nanoclay biocomposites fabricated by VARTM process

A systematic study was carried out to investigate the effect of alkali treatment and nanoclay on thermomechanical properties of jute fabric reinforced polyester composites (JPC) fabricated by the vacuum‐assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process. Using mechanical mixing and sonication process, 1% and 2% by weight montmorillonite K10 nanoclay were dispersed into B‐440 premium polyester resin to fabricate jute fabric reinforced polyester nanocomposites. The average fiber volume was determined to be around 40% and void fraction was reduced due to the surface treatment as well as nanoclay infusion in these biocomposites. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) revealed enhancement of dynamic elastic/plastic responses and glass transition temperature (T_g) in treated jute polyester composites (TJPC) and nanoclay infused TJPC compared with those of untreated jute polyester composites (UTJPC). Alkali treatment and nanoclay infusion also resulted in enhancement of mechanical properties of JPC. The maximum flexural, compression, and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) properties were found in the 1 wt % nanoclay infused TJPC. Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) revealed strong interaction between the organoclay and polyester that resulted in enhanced thermomechanical properties in the composites. Lower water absorption was also observed due to surface treatment and nanoclay infusion in the TJPC. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Study of jute fiber reinforced polyester composites by dynamic mechanical analysis

Cyanoethylation of jute fibers in the form of nonwoven fabric was studied, and these chemically modified fibers were used to make jute–polyester composites. The dynamic mechanical thermal properties of unsaturated polyester resin (cured) and composites of unmodified and chemically modified jute–polyester were studied by using a dynamic mechanical analyzer over a wide temperature range. The data suggest that the storage modulus and thermal transition temperature of the composites increased enormously due to cyanoethylation of fiber. An increase of the storage modulus of composites, prepared from chemically modified fiber, indicates its higher stiffness as compared to a composite prepared from unmodified fiber. It is also observed that incorporation of jute fiber (both unmodified and modified) with the unsaturated resin reduced the tan δ peak height remarkably. Composites prepared from cyanoethylated jute show better creep resistance at comparatively lower temperatures. On the contrary, a reversed phenomenon is observed at higher temperatures (120°C and above). Scanning electron micrographs of tensile fracture surfaces of unmodified and modified jute–polyester composites clearly demonstrate better fiber–matrix bonding in the case of the latter. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 71: 1505–1513, 1999     

Study on Mechanical and Dielectric Properties of Jute Fiber Reinforced Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) Composites

Abstract

Jute fiber (Hessian cloth) reinforced low-density polyethylene (LDPE) composites were prepared by heat press molding techniques. The mechanical properties such as tensile strength (TS), bending strength (BS), and elongation at break of the composites were studied. The enhancement of TS (33%) and BS (50%) were obtained as a result of reinforcment jute fabrics in LDPE. In order to improve the mechanical properties and adhesion between jute and LDPE, hessian cloth were each treated with 2-hydroxyl ethyl methacrylate (HEMA). The HEMA-treated jute composite showed higher tensile and bending strength compared to untreated jute composite and LDPE. Dielectric properties like dielectric constant and loss tangent (tan δ) of jute, LDPE and composites were studied. Ferro to paraelectric phase transition occurred in both treated and untreated jute composites containing more than 20% jute. Water uptake behaviors of the composite were monitored and HEMA-treated composite showed lower water absorption behavior. The adhesion nature of jute and LDPE also characterized by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), better adhesion was observed between HEMA-treated jute and LDPE over untreated ones.     

Effect of additives on reinforcement of radiation-induced jute-urethane polymer composites

Thick polymer film was prepared under gamma irradiation using urethane acrylate in the presence of N-vinylpyrrolidone, ethyl hexyl acrylate, and trimethylol propane triacrylate. Both jute dust and hessian cloth (jute fabric) were used to constitute composites based on the prepared resin matrix. Some of their physical and mechanical properties were studied. Some additives such as acetic acid, acrylamide, urea, talc, and titanium oxide were incorporated into the formulation to investigate their effect on the physical and mechanical properties. Water absorption and weathering resistance of the resin and composites were also investigated. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 67: 79–85, 1998     

不饱和聚酯片状模塑料力学性能的研究

研究了玻纤布、短切玻纤及碳酸钙对不饱和聚酯片状模塑料力学性能的影响,实验发现:玻纤布增强不饱和聚酯片状模塑料的力学性能比短切玻纤好,随着玻纤含量的增加,不饱和聚酯片状模塑料的拉伸强度先增加,达到一极大值之后减少。碳酸钙填充不饱和聚酯片状模塑料,随着碳酸钙含量的增加,不饱和聚酯片状模塑料的拉伸强度明显降低,弯曲强度增加。     

Influence of fiber orientation and fiber content on properties of sisal‐jute‐glass fiber‐reinforced polyester composites

The incorporation of natural fibers with polymer matrix composites (PMCs) has increasing applications in many fields of engineering due to the growing concerns regarding the environmental impact and energy crisis. The objective of this work is to examine the effect of fiber orientation and fiber content on properties of sisal‐jute‐glass fiber‐reinforced polyester composites. In this experimental study, sisal‐jute‐glass fiber‐reinforced polyester composites are prepared with fiber orientations of 0° and 90° and fiber volume of sisal‐jute‐glass fibers are in the ratio of 40:0:60, 0:40:60, and 20:20:60 respectively, and the experiments were conducted. The results indicated that the hybrid composites had shown better performance and the fiber orientation and fiber content play major role in strength and water absorption properties. The morphological properties, internal structure, cracks, and fiber pull out of the fractured specimen during testing are also investigated by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 42968.     

液体洗涤剂抗再沉积性能的研究

以疏水改性碳黑颗粒为污染源,以纯棉布、纯涤布和涤棉混纺布为实验对象,建立了抗再沉积性能快速实验方法,并在标准洗衣液的基础上,研究了洗涤环境因素、聚合物类型对抗污渍再沉积效果的影响.结果表明:洗涤溶液pH、浓度对抗再沉积性基本无影响,洗涤溶液硬度、温度和电导率的升高会导致体系抗再沉积能力下降;从抗再沉积剂看,聚酯聚醚聚合...     

涤纶工业丝行业发展现状及应用研究

介绍了中国涤纶工业丝2001—2010年的产能增长情况、生产厂家及其产能和纺丝设备配置情况,详细叙述了涤纶工业丝在织带、安全带、土工材料、工业用布、经编布和机织布、安全气囊、输送带、胶管、特斯林、线绳上的发展情况,对中国涤纶工业丝下游需求作出了预测,并对涤纶工业丝的发展趋势进行了分析。     

Effect of γ‐aminopropyl trimethoxy silane on the performance of jute–polycarbonate composites

The composites of jute fabrics (hessian cloth) and polycarbonate were prepared by compression molding. The jute surface was modified with γ‐aminopropyl trimethoxy silane (Z‐6011) to improve interfacial adhesion between jute and polycarbonate. The treated and untreated jute surfaces as well as composites were investigated by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Environmental scanning electron microscopy, Dynamic mechanical analysis, and mechanical testing. XPS and FTIR assure that the silane plays important role to form interfacial bonding with the jute fibers and polycarbonate. The surface topography of silanized and virgin fibers, and the interfacial adhesion properties of the composite were investigated by ESEM. DMA analysis shows the improved storage and loss moduli of silanized jute composite as compared to the untreated one. The modified jute composite also produces enhanced mechanical properties. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 4142–4154, 2006     

表面处理对剑麻纤维布/不饱和树脂材料性能影响

采用碱、高锰酸钾及热对剑麻纤维布进行了表面处理,并由真空辅助树脂传递模塑成型(VARTM)工艺制备了剑麻纤维布增强不饱和聚酯树脂复合材料。通过对复合材料的力学性能及吸水性的测试,研究了不同剑麻纤维布表面处理对其不饱和聚酯树脂复合材料性能的影响。结果表明:经过碱处理,复合材料的拉伸、弯曲,冲击强度提高最大,可分别提高26.5%,16.5%和22.6%,吸水率降低了47.5%。对剑麻纤维布进行表面处理可使复合材料的界面性能得到改善,力学性能提高,吸水性降低。     

Studies of jute fiber composites with polyesteramide polyols as interfacial agent

Polyesteramide polyols have been synthesized by melt condenstion using a mixture of alkanolamines, polyethylene glycols, and dicarboxylic acids/anhydrieds, and the behavior or resin samples as interfacrial agents in unidirectional as well as random composites of jute/epoxy and jute/polyester has been evaluated. Mechanical properties of these composties with or without interfacial agents have been determined along with the effect of water uptake on such properties. The incorporation of polyesteramide polyol (PEAP) resins as interfacila agents has been found to significantly improcve the mechanical properties of jute fiber composites. It has also been found that increasing the hydroxyl value of PEAP results in a better bonding of the composities up to a certain optimum limit of hydroxyl value beyond which the molecular weight of the interfacila agent as well as its bonding strenght decreases. Use of PEAP resin of optimum hydroxyl value and molecular weight also significantly improves the water resistance capacities of jute/epoxy composites.     

SPEEK复合膜在电解制备过硫酸铵中的应用

为达到减少电解制备过硫酸铵的能耗及提高电流效率的目的,从改良电解槽隔膜的角度出发,分别对几种自制复合膜的电解性能进行了考察和比较,并对它们的机械强度和支撑层的耐腐蚀性进行了测试。通过试验发现：聚酯滤布的耐电解液腐蚀性最好;以100目聚酯滤布为支撑层制得的磺化聚醚醚酮（SPEEK）复合膜机械强度最高;以50目聚酯滤布为支撑层制得的SPEEK复合膜的电流效率最高且单位电耗最低。综合考虑,以50目聚酯滤布为支撑层制得的SPEEK复合膜比较适合应用于电解制备过硫酸铵中,尽管它的机械强度不是最大,但是与不添加支撑层的纯SPEEK膜相比其机械强度有了明显的提高,而且具有较高的电流效率和比较小的能耗。     

基布对聚氨酯合成革性能影响的研究

以涤纶非织造布，锦纶非织造布作基布，制作了聚氨酯浸渍试样，研究了其拉伸，弯曲性能，认为由于锦纶与聚氨酯的结合较强，影响了锦纶基布柔软性的发挥。当上浆率超过一临界值时，锦纶基布聚氨酯合成革已不如涤纵横在布聚氨酯合成革柔软。     

腰果酚接枝黄麻纤维不饱和聚酯复合材料的力学性能及界面调控

用甲苯二异氰酸酯与腰果酚(CNSL)合成大分子偶联剂接枝黄麻纤维。以接枝的黄麻纤维为增强体,通用的不饱和聚酯树脂为基体,采用热压方式制备复合材料。比较了纯饱和聚酯树脂、5 %CNSL增韧的不饱和聚酯树脂、25 %碱处理的黄麻纤维不饱和聚酯树脂复合材料和25 %的CNSL接枝黄麻纤维不饱和聚酯树脂复合材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度。结果表明,CNSL接枝于黄麻纤维上;CNSL的加入能提高材料的韧性,黄麻纤维能提高材料的拉伸强度而不能提高材料韧性;25 %CNSL接枝的黄麻纤维不饱和聚酯树脂能提高材料的拉伸强度和韧性,25 %CNSL接枝的黄麻纤维增强含5 %CNSL的不饱和聚酯复合材料,其冲击强度为12.10 kJ/m^2。