污水和再生水臭氧消毒的研究和应用

臭氧消毒技术已经广泛用于饮用水消毒,但在污水和再生水消毒中的研究及应用相对较少.本文对臭氧用于污水消毒的机理、影响因素以及与其它消毒技术的比较作了介绍,并论述了臭氧消毒的持效性和臭氧消毒副产物,为污水回用中臭氧消毒的应用提供参考.     

微电流电解消毒技术在海水维生系统中的应用

介绍了一种新的消毒方法-微电流电解消毒技术,该技术应用于海水维生系统的消毒工程,并与原来采用的臭氧消毒技术进行了比较.结果表明,采用微电流电解消毒技术对海水维生系统消毒的效果完全符合消毒要求,其消毒性能优于臭氧消毒,具有持续消毒能力,而且能耗极低,运行成本只有臭氧消毒的0.7%,微电流电解消毒开辟了水体消毒的新方法,具有广阔的应用前景.     

臭氧化水处理技术及应用

作为一种有效的消毒剂,臭氧应用于饮用水消毒已有近百年历史.由于其强氧化性,能有效灭活水中的微生物(如原生动物等),而此类生物大多对常规消毒荆具有抗药性能.本文主要探讨了臭氧与UV,H2O2、TiO2和超声波等联合工艺去除水源水中的微污染物的机理及其在水处理中的应用,最后提出了臭氧化技术在未来水处理中的研究方向.     

预臭氧化控制饮用水消毒副产物

饮用水的预臭氧化技术近年来倍受关注,臭氧预氧化技术的功效有很多,但是目前人们比较关注的是其对饮用水消毒副产物的控制,笔者综述了近几年国内外的研究结果,总结了预臭氧化工艺控制饮用水消毒副产物的机理,也指出了目前预臭氧化技术存在的不足并为以后的研究工作提出了建议和展望。     

催化臭氧化技术在废水处理中的应用

阐述了均相催化臭氧化和非均相催化臭氧化技术在废水处理中的应用研究进展,并提出了技术发展趋势与存在的问题。非均相催化臭氧化技术是现代催化技术与环境化学处理技术的组合,其中催化剂具有活化臭氧、提高臭氧氧化降解能力的作用。该技术具有降解能力强、效率高、不产生二次污染等优点,将在环保领域发挥越来越大的作用。     

城市污水处理厂的污泥臭氧化减量技术

针对城市污水处理厂产生大量的污泥,综述了臭氧化污泥减量技术的国外研究成果,介绍并讨论了臭氧化污泥减量的原理、污泥减量效率与臭氧剂量的关系、臭氧化污泥回流对污水处理运行效果及对污泥沉降脱水性能的影响,对臭氧化污泥减量技术进行经济评估,表明臭氧化污泥减量技术具有广泛的应用价值。     

臭氧消毒方式在医药行业生产洁净区(室)中的应用

介绍了臭氧消毒的原理、消毒特点及与其它消毒方式比较具有的优势。并详细阐述了臭氧消毒在医药行业生产洁净区(室)中的应用和安装方式，同时介绍了新型臭氧消毒器优于老式臭氧消毒器的几方面。     

臭氧技术在废水处理中的应用

由于臭氧的强的氧化性能,使其成为一种强氧化剂和消毒剂;臭氧技术已经广泛用于废水处理行业,臭氧具有较好的的消毒杀菌、脱色、除臭味等作用,文章通过介绍臭氧的一些基本性质,臭氧消毒杀菌、氧化、脱色及除臭味的机理,臭氧的制取方式,现代臭氧技术的研究方向等,为废水处理中臭氧技术的应用提供参考。     

浅谈饮用水预处理技术

用预臭氧化预处理技术主要用于脱色除臭、去除藻类和藻毒素、控制氯化消毒副产物、初步去除或转化污染物、助凝等,对水质的改善程度取决于原水水质和臭氧化条件．预臭氧化同时产生一定的醛类、溴酸盐等有害副产物。综述了原水预臭氧化技术的几个热点问题。     

臭氧化污泥减量技术的研究进展

阐述了臭氧化污泥减量技术的机理、臭氧化污泥的性状变化、污泥减量效果的影响因素、污泥臭氧化对出水水质的影响等。表明了臭氧化污泥减量技术在不影响出水水质的情况下,能有效地减少剩余污泥量,还能提高系统的反硝化能力,具有广阔的应用前景。     

次氯酸钠现场生产系统在大中型水厂的应用

介绍了次氯酸钠现场生产系统的技术原理和在上海长兴水厂的应用,并与其它几种饮用水消毒手段：投加氯气、二氧化氯、商品次氯酸钠、臭氧以及紫外线照射进行了比较。表明次氯酸钠现场生产技术与液氯或商品次氯酸钠消毒技术相比,是一种无论在原料运输、制备、贮存、投加方面都很安全并有良好即时和持续消毒效果的技术,在经济性方面也比商品次氯酸钠技术优越,次氯酸钠现场生产技术较为适合于大中型自来水厂消毒。     

UV技术在水处理中研究与应用进展

紫外光消毒和紫外光辅助的氧化技术在水处理中是一项逐渐被人们重视的技术。本文综述了当前紫外光技术在水处理领域的应用和研究状况，着重介绍了紫外线技术在水消毒以及辅助高级氧化技术在去除水中污染物方面的应用，讨论了该技术在水处理应用过程中存在的一些问题，同时展望了紫外光技术在水处理领域的应用前景。     

UV技术在水处理中的研究与应用进展

紫外光消毒和紫外光辅助的氧化技术在水处理中是一项逐渐被人们重视的技术。本文综述了当前紫外光技术在水处理领域的应用和研究状况,着重介绍了紫外线技术在水消毒,以及辅助高级氧化技术在去除水中污染物方面的应用,讨论了该技术在水处理应用过程中存在的一些问题,同时展望了紫外光技术在水处理领域的应用前景。     

管道分质供水TCCA消毒方法

对三氯异氰尿酸(TCCA)消毒法在管道分质供水中的应用进行了研究。结果表明,利用TCCA消毒管道分质供水,只要控制管网水中余氯质量分数>3.0×10-8,就能起到良好的消毒效果,并能有效的控制消毒副产物,使管道分质供水具有较好的口感。采用的TCCA消毒法在管道分质供水工程具有广泛应用前景。     

Removal Of Residual Organics From Drinking Water By Ozonation And Activated Carbon Filtration: A Pilot Plant Study

The effects of ozonation, granular (GAC) and biological activated carbon (BAC) in the removal of natural organic matter and precursors of disinfection byproducts from drinking water were studied on pilot scale. Ozonation was determined to be the best method to reduce concentrations of the precursors of AOX, chloroform and mutagenicity, whereas BAC removed organic matter the most effectively. Reductions in TA100 mutagenicity were an average 40%, 4%, 26% in ozonated, GAC and BAC filtered water, respectively. Average reductions of AOX levels were similar at 48%, 7% and 35%, respectively. The chloroform formation potential always increased after GAC filtration.     

Bromate in Drinking Water A problem in Switzerland?

Ozonation of bromide-containing waters causes the formation of bromate which is considered to be potentially carcinogenic. An investigation in Switzerland on water works using ozone (85) has shown that the new drinking water standard of 10?µg/L for bromate is generally not exceeded. This is mainly due to the relatively small bromide concentrations which are typically below 25?µg/L. There is a characteristic relationship between bromate formation and the ozone exposure in a particular water type. This can be used to estimate the integral ozone exposure from the bromate formation which allows the assessment of the efficiency of the disinfection. This new concept is illustrated by means of two examples.     

Effect of Ozonation on Trihalomethane and Haloacetic Acid Formation and Speciation in a Full-Scale Distribution System

Disinfection by-product (DBP) formation was evaluated before and after ozone implementation at two full-scale drinking water facilities in Las Vegas, NV USA. The two treatment plants used preozonation for primary disinfection followed by direct filtration with subsequent chlorination for secondary disinfection. DBP data was evaluated from the finished water of the two treatment plants along with six locations in the distribution system. Results showed that preozonation reduced the formation of total trihalomethanes (TTHM) by up to 10 μg/L and the sum of five haloacetic acids (HAA5) by up to 5 g/L. These reductions were primarily due to decreases in the di- and trichlorinated DBPs such as chloroform, bromodichloromethane, and trichloroacetic acid. Ozonation appeared to shift the speciation of TTHMs and HAA5 to favor increased formation of the di- and tribrominated species such as bromoform, chlorodibromomethane, and dibromoacteic acid. A bromide mass balance showed that <30% of the raw water bromide was accounted for by the formation of TTHMs (8–21%), HAAs (2–3%) and bromate (5%). Reducing the concentration of THMs and HAAs is often not the primary purpose of ozonation, but it can assist utilities in meeting regulatory requirements during drinking water treatment.     

Investigation into Ozonation of Coal Coking Processing Wastewater for Cyanide,Thiocyanate and Organic Removal

A laboratory investigation was carried out to establish whether ozonation could be used to oxidize cyanides, thiocyanates and color in wastewater from a coal coking plant to supplement biological and activated carbon treatment (GAC). Ozonation was found to be capable of oxidizing cyanide and cyanate to sufficiently low levels at relatively high stoichiometric ratios as a result of competitive ozone consumption by organic substances in the wastewater. While good color removal was also achieved with ozonation, organic removal could not match GAC in overall organic removal. Ozonation was not found to be economical for the remaining nine years of a build, own, operate and transfer (BOOT) contract period. Ozonation would be competitive over longer operational periods and more environmentally friendly than presently used technology.     

光催化材料去除水中病毒的研究进展

光催化技术凭借其稳定高效且成本低等优势,应用于水消毒领域的研究逐渐受到重视。光催化剂生成的一系列活性氧物种能有效灭活水中病原微生物。由于病毒与细菌等其他微生物结构、抗性等不同,因此本文着重综述了光催化材料应用于去除水中病毒的研究进展。介绍了光催化技术的氧化和消毒原理,评价了传统消毒工艺去除病毒的优缺点,总结了TiO₂基光催化剂和不含TiO₂的光催化材料的应用现状。最后展望未来光催化材料设计应以降低制备成本、提高光催化效率、能实际大规模工程化应用的方向发展。     

消毒技术在饮用水处理中的研究现状

阐述了近年来国内外饮用水处理中消毒技术发展的一些新动向、新工艺,着重介绍了氯、氯胺、二氧化氯、臭氧和紫外线等消毒技术在国内外饮用水处理中的应用现状,最后详细阐述了寻求氯消毒替代品、开发消毒新技术和组合消毒工艺等3方面的饮用水处理中消毒技术的发展趋势。