胫后动脉穿支蒂隐神经营养血管皮瓣修复腔隙性踝关节感染创面的临床应用

目的 探讨应用胫后动脉穿支蒂隐神经营养血管皮瓣治疗腔隙性踝关节感染创面的临床疗效。方法 回顾性研究。纳入2009年7月-2015年5月唐山市第二医院手二科采用胫后动脉穿支蒂隐神经营养血管皮瓣修复腔隙性踝关节感染创面15例患者的临床资料,其中男10例、女5例,年龄26～45岁,平均35.3岁;左侧7例,右侧8例;交通伤9例,砸伤4例,挤压伤2例。5例急诊行创面清创+负压封闭引流术(VSD),其中2例踝关节粉碎性骨折患者予外固定架固定;10例患者踝关节粉碎性骨折行骨折内固定治疗,术后10～16 d皮肤软组织坏死引起缺损,行创面彻底清创+VSD治疗。15例患者皮肤、软组织缺损范围为 3 cm×5 cm～10 cm×7 cm,均于VSD治疗后择期行胫后动脉穿支蒂隐神经营养血管皮瓣修复皮肤、软组织腔隙性创面。术后观察皮瓣成活情况;术后3个月,通过对皮瓣愈合情况、感觉、形态、皮温、供区瘢痕情况的评分,评价皮瓣修复效果;末次随访时采用Kofoed踝关节评分标准评定踝关节功能。结果 15例皮瓣全部成活,创面均一期愈合。15例患者获随访,随访时间13～21个月,平均17.5个月。随访期间感染无复发,局部无窦道形成。术后3个月皮瓣修复效果评分为7～10分,皮瓣外观不臃肿、质地柔软,疗效均满意。末次随访时按照Kofoed踝关节评分标准评定踝关节功能,优1例,良11例,可2例,差1例。结论 胫后动脉穿支蒂隐神经营养血管皮瓣血管蒂恒定,携带筋膜可填塞空腔,皮瓣血运好、抗感染力强、易于切取,修复腔隙性踝关节感染创面,疗效满意,值得临床推广应用。     

皮肤持续牵张技术联合负压封闭引流技术治疗深度创面的临床观察

目的探讨皮肤持续牵张技术联合负压封闭引流(VSD)技术治疗深度创面的临床疗效。 方法选取2015年5月至2018年5月山西白求恩医院急救医学科收治的不同部位深度创面患者20例,其中外伤10例,压疮7例,感染创面3例。根据创面情况实施清创术后应用皮肤持续牵张联合VSD治疗,观察并记录患者伤口愈合时间,使用温哥华瘢痕量表评估创面愈合质量。 结果20例患者经皮肤持续牵张与VSD治疗后,创面均愈合良好,无愈合不良或不愈合。创面大小为2 cm×2 cm～3 cm×4 cm的5例患者创面平均愈合时间为20 d,创面大小为5 cm×5 cm～8 cm×10 cm的8例患者创面平均愈合时间为22 d,创面大小为10 cm×15 cm～15 cm×20 cm的7例患者创面平均愈合时间为30 d。创面愈合后3个月随访所有患者温哥华瘢痕量表评分平均为3.8分。 结论应用皮肤持续牵张技术与VSD技术联合治疗深度创面不仅可以获得满意的临床效果,而且具有操作简单、创伤小等优点,值得推广。     

腓肠神经营养血管逆行皮瓣修复断裂跟腱术后感染伴皮肤缺损

背景：跟腱位置表浅,皮肤血供较少,开放性损伤后污染较重,难以彻底清创,修复后易发生感染及局部皮肤缺损、肌腱外露,传统换药治疗效果不佳。 目的：探讨腓肠神经营养血管逆行皮瓣联合负压封闭引流技术治疗跟腱断裂术后感染伴皮肤缺损的临床经验。 方法：选择2009至2012年佛山市第二人民医院收治的13例跟腱断裂术后感染、皮缘坏死患者,其中男8 例,女5例;年龄25-65岁;跟后皮肤缺损4 cm×5 cm-7 cm×6 cm。经过扩创、负压封闭引流治疗,待创面肉芽组织新鲜、感染控制后,跟后皮肤缺损采用自体腓肠神经营养血管逆行皮瓣修复。随访观察创面愈合情况。 结果与结论：13例患者移植皮瓣均成活,创面均获得一期愈合。随访9-14个月,移植皮瓣无继发坏死、感染,皮肤质地及弹性良好,蒂部无明显臃肿。随访后6个月时,采用美国足踝外科学会评分系统评价踝关节功能显示优良率为90%。提示运用负压封闭引流技术可有效控制感染,腓肠神经营养血管逆行皮瓣为跟腱外露提供了良好的覆盖,皮瓣外观、血运、质地、弹性佳,局部无明显瘢痕挛缩,踝关节功能恢复良好。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植;肝移植;移植;心脏移植;组织移植;皮肤移植;皮瓣移植;血管移植;器官移植;组织工程全文链接：     

脂肪颗粒移植修复腔隙性软组织缺损的疗效观察

目的观察自体脂肪颗粒移植修复肢体腔隙性软组织缺损的临床效果。 方法2017年9月至2019年6月，选择武汉大学中南医院创伤与显微骨科收治的14例腔隙性软组织缺损病例，缺损面积：1.5 cm×2.0 cm ～ 4.0 cm×6.0 cm，缺损深度：3.0～7.0 cm。彻底清创后制备自体脂肪颗粒，采用Coleman法制备脂肪颗粒，将脂肪颗粒注射到缺损周围软组织内并填充于腔隙内，表面覆盖凡士林纱布，每周打开凡士林纱布观察组织缺损部位变化，连续随访了解创面修复情况至创面愈合。 结果所有患者均获得12周随访，组织缺损部位在治疗后2周观察到大量肉芽组织生长，缺损面积缩小约(47.5±5.5)%。12例在治疗后皮肤软组织缺损面积缩小直接愈合，平均愈合时间(24.2±4.5) d；1例皮肤软组缺损伴骨质缺损在治疗后1周，部分移植脂肪坏死，行局部皮瓣移植术后愈合；1例术后5 d感染脂肪液化坏死，实施清创术控制感染后换药愈合。 结论脂肪颗粒移植对肢体腔隙性软组织具有修复作用，能够促进肉芽组织生长，加速软组织缺损重建。     

腓肠外侧浅动脉穿支皮瓣在膝部皮肤软组织缺损修复中的应用

目的 观察腓肠外侧浅动脉穿支皮瓣修复膝部皮肤软组织缺损的临床效果。方法 回顾性研究。纳入2014年8月—2019年12月毕节市第一人民医院烧伤整形手外科9例膝部皮肤软组织缺损患者,其中男5例、女4例,年龄42～69岁(平均61.1岁),左侧6例、右侧3例。致伤原因:重物砸伤1例,火焰烧伤1例,车祸伤1例,摔伤2例,火炉烫伤4例。创面缺损面积6.0 cm×7.0 cm～12.0 cm×15.0 cm,均伴有髌骨、髌韧带、关节囊及其周围腱性组织外露。根据创面形状及大小设计腓肠外侧浅动脉穿支皮瓣,移植修复膝部皮肤软组织缺损创面,皮瓣切取面积7.0 cm×9.0 cm～13.0 cm×16.0 cm;皮瓣供区游离植皮修复。术后随访时记录皮瓣色泽、质地及感觉恢复情况,测量膝关节活动度及观察患者行走状况。结果 本组9例患者皮瓣全部成活,伤口均一期愈合。术后随访6～12个月,平均9.0个月。患者皮瓣色泽、质地与膝部皮肤组织相近,感觉功能恢复情况:3例S₃、2例S₃₊、4例S₄;膝关节活动范围:伸0°、屈120°～135°,行走不受限,功能恢复满意。结论 腓肠外侧浅动脉穿支皮瓣血供可靠且携带感觉神经,用于修复膝部皮肤软组织缺损,操作简单、外形满意,是修复膝部皮肤软组织缺损较理想的皮瓣。     

内踝上穿支皮瓣修复足踝部皮肤缺损

目的　报道以内踝上胫后动脉为蒂的穿支皮瓣修复足踝部皮肤软组织缺损的临床效果。 方法　2003年2月～2010年2月,对22例足踝部皮肤软组织缺损患者,采用以内踝上胫后动脉为蒂的穿支皮瓣修复术。皮瓣面积10 cm×7 cm～15 cm×11 cm,供区采用下腹部全厚皮片植皮。 结果　术后22例患者皮瓣均一期成活,供区伤口一期愈合。经随访6～36个月,平均随访12个月。皮瓣质地优良,外观不臃肿,感觉恢复S2~S3+,足部行走功能恢复满意。供区植皮者植皮区松软,外观可,无瘢痕挛缩。 结论　内踝上以胫后动脉为蒂的穿支皮瓣修复足踝部皮肤软组织缺损,具有解剖恒定,手术操作安全、简便,可满足踝部部创面覆盖的需要。     

内踝双平面三维截骨联合自体骨软骨移植治疗HeppleⅤ型距骨骨软骨损伤的临床疗效分析

目的 探讨内踝双平面三维截骨联合自体骨软骨移植治疗HeppleⅤ型距骨骨软骨损伤的临床疗效。方法 病例系列报告。纳入2019年1月—2020年1月徐州市中心医院骨科24例（24足）HeppleⅤ型距骨骨软骨损伤患者的临床资料,其中男9例、女15例,年龄21~62（29.5±10.3）岁,右侧11例、左侧13例。患者均采用内踝双平面三维截骨联合自体骨软骨移植治疗距骨骨软骨损伤。术后定期随访,观察术后供区疼痛、截骨处不愈合等并发症的发生情况。比较术前与术后随访时的疼痛视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评分、美国骨科足踝外科协会（AOFAS）踝-后足评分及踝关节Kofoed评分,对手术治疗效果进行评价。结果 术后患者切口均一期愈合。24例患者随访18~30（23.8±4.6）个月,所有患者截骨处一期愈合,无供区疼痛等并发症。末次随访时VAS评分由术前的（6.29±1.30）分改善到（0.88±0.61）分,AOFAS评分由术前的（60.92±13.06）分提高到（95.08±5.78）分,Kofoed评分由术前的（23.08±13.51）分提高到（95.96±5.09）分,与术前比较差异均有统计学意义（t=23.30、15.87、27.07,P值均<0.001）。依据AOFAS评分,踝关节功能优19例、良5例,优良率100％（24/24）;依据Kofoed踝关节评分,踝关节功能优20例、良4例,优良率100％（24/24）。结论 内踝双平面三维截骨联合自体骨软骨移植治疗HeppleⅤ型距骨骨软骨损伤,术后踝关节功能恢复好,疼痛减轻明显。     

VSD负压密封引流治疗创伤软组织缺损40例的临床观察

目的探讨VSD负压密封引流治疗创伤软组织缺损的治疗效果。方法应用VSD负压密封引流治疗创伤组织缺损40例患者。其中手背部软组织缺损8例,小腿部软组织缺损19例,前臂、上臂软组织缺损10例,其他部位软组织缺损3例。结果 16例VSD负压密封引流治疗结合真皮下血管网皮片和或中厚皮片原位回植修复术,其中13例患者经过1次治疗后,创面愈合。3例患者经过2次植皮治疗后,创面愈合。24例采用一期VSD覆盖创面,二期植皮,创面全部愈合。结论 VSD负压密封引流治疗创伤软组织缺损,操作简便,疗效显著。     

胫后动脉踝上穿支皮瓣修复足踝部创面

目的　报道胫后动脉踝上穿支皮瓣修复足踝部创面的临床效果。 方法　对13例足踝部创面的患者,采用胫后动脉踝上穿支皮瓣转位修复术,其中足背创面5例,足跟部创面3例,踝部创面5例。4例急诊外伤创面伴有骨、肌腱外露者急诊修复。5例急诊创面采用VSD负压吸引后亚急诊行皮瓣修复, 4例为术后皮肤坏死,二期行皮瓣修复。皮肤缺损面积为1.5 cm×2.0 cm~7.0 cm×14.0 cm,切取皮瓣面积为2.5 cm×3.5 cm~8.0 cm×15.0 cm。 结果 本组13例皮瓣全部成活,供区植皮均成活。术后随访时间6~18个月,平均10个月。皮瓣质地接近周围皮肤,外观无臃肿。供区皮肤直接缝合者,术后瘢痕较小;供区植皮者,无明显瘢痕增生。踝关节活动良好,患肢均可负重行走。 结论　采用胫后动脉踝上穿支皮瓣转位修复足踝部创面,具有手术操作简单、安全的特点,是一种较好的术式。     

带阔筋膜的股前外侧穿支皮瓣修复踝足部胫骨前肌腱及皮肤缺损

目的探讨带阔筋膜的股前外侧穿支皮瓣移植修复踝足部胫骨前肌腱及皮肤软组织缺损的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2009年1月—2014年3月胶州市人民医院手足显微外科收治的10例踝足部胫骨前肌腱及皮肤软组织缺损患者的临床资料,其中男7例,女3例;年龄19~61岁,平均36岁。10例患者均采用带阔筋膜的股前外侧穿支皮瓣进行一期移植修复,术后患肢踝关节中立位石膏外固定6周。观察患者术后创面愈合情况,采用足踝关节运动测量标准对患肢踝关节运动功能进行评定。结果10例皮瓣全部成活,创面愈合好;其中2例创面感染者经局部持续冲洗引流及全身应用敏感抗生素治疗2~3周痊愈。10例患者均获随访6~24个月,平均15个月。术后患肢踝关节运动功能优8例,良2例。结论应用带阔筋膜的股前外侧穿支皮瓣一期移植修复踝足部胫骨前肌腱及皮肤软组织缺损,可以早期进行功能锻炼,具有疗程短、对供区创伤小、外形与功能满意等优势,是一种修复踝足部胫骨前肌腱及皮肤软组织缺损的可靠手术方法。     

Schizophrenia in a North Swedish geographical isolate, 1900–1977. Epidemiology, genetics and biochemistry

Over 200 schizophrenic patients belonging to three major and interrelated pedigree complexes have been investigated over the past 30 years in a North Swedish geographically isolated population, presently numbering about 6,000. An intensive investigation of a number of biochemical correlates and genetic markers in a few selected families belonging to one of the major pedigrees has indicated new strategies for the current research program.
Schizophrenia, as defined operationally, is significantly associated with decreased activities of two enzymes (1) blood platelet monoamine oxidase, (2) plasma dopamine-β-hydroxylase, and (3) with the genetic marker Gc² (group specific antigen). Both enzymes are subject to genetic variation. A positive score for linkage between schizophrenia and low plasma DBH activity has been calculated, but, so far, available data are insufficient for discrimination between linkage and partial contribution of genetically controlled low plasma DBH to the pathogenesis of the disease. Alternatively, both mechanisms could be involved.
As a model for continued research, schizophrenia is explained as based on a double dominant-recessive genotype (Aabb), representing a vulnerability which in about 50 % of cases develops into clinical schizophrenia. It is suggested that the dominant mutation (A) operates on or affects MAO activity, and that the recessive genotype (bb) is instrumental in low variates of DBH activity and very likely such variates within the normal range of physiological variation. Moreover, it is suggested that the combined effects of MAO- and DBH-reduced efficiency on the metabolism of e.g. dopamine could be an essential pathogenic mechanism for the schizophrenic illness which is segregating in this population.     

HLA in North Colombia Chimila Amerindians

HLA-A,-B,-C,-DRB1 and -DQB1 alleles have been studied in Chimila Amerindians from Sabana de San Angel (North Colombian Coast) by using high resolution molecular typing. A frequent extended haplotype was found:HLA-A*24:02-B*51:10-C*15:02-BRB1*04:07-DQB1*03:02 (28.7%) which has also been described in Amerinndian Mayos Mexican population (Mexico, California Gulf, Pacific Ocean). Other haplotypes had already been found in Amerindians from Mexico (Pacific and Atlantic Coast), Peru (highlands and Amazon Basin), Bolivia and North USA. A geographic pattern according to HLA allele or haplotype frequencies is lacking in Amerindians, as already known. Also, five new extended haplotypes were found in Chimila Amerindians. Their HLA-A*24:02 high frequencies characteristic is shared with aboriginal populations of Taiwan; also, HLA-C*01:02 high frequencies are found in New Zealand Maoris, New Caledonians and Kimberly Aborigines from Australia. Finally, this study may show a model of evolutionary factors acting and rising one HLA allele frequency (-A*24:02), but not in others that belong to the same or different HLA loci.     

The universal muscular chamber. A basic unit of the genitourinary, cardiovascular, gastro-intestinal, skeletal, cutaneous, respiratory and other systems, endocameral hypertension; and spasm, the key to their idiopathic diseases and arthropathies

Starting with the integument, we see many organs are contractile sacs or multiples thereof, which tubes or bags constitute the major part of the entire body. Recognition of this basic unit and its characteristics sheds new light, individually and collectively, on many disorders previously considered unrelated. Muscular tears and perforations develop in the walls of these chambers, being no way peculiar to those organs, wherein, hydrochloric acid occurs. So, it is not necessary to explain the absence of excessive acid from patients who exhibit holes in the gastric, uterine, aortic, duodenal, rectal, pulmonary, retina, and other walls. Muscle, not acid is the great common factor relating idiopathic disorders in the gastrointestinal tract to each other and to similar diseases in other systems. When the units are linked together, the lesions tend to appear as arthropathies, i.e. at the joints. Rephrasing common-place observations, frees us from conventional, conceptual cul-de-sacs. An observation is only as good as its interpretation, so all possibilities must be considered, otherwise, we will remain blinded by our misconceptions.     

Der Einfluß von Nahrungsmitteln und Rauchen auf die klinisch-chemische Diagnostik von Phäochromozytom,Neuroblastom und Karzinoid-Syndrom

Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß von verschiedenen Nahrungsmitteln auf Methoden zur Bestimmung von Adrenalin (AD), Noradrenalin (NA), Vanillinmandelsäure (VMS), Metanephrinen (MN), Homovanillinsäure (HVS) und 5-Hydroxyindolessigsäure (5-HIE) im 24 h-Harn zur Diagnose des Phäochromozytoms bzw. Karzinoid-Syndroms wurde untersucht. Die in die Untersuchung einbezogenen Nahrungsmittel waren: Tee, Kaffee, Mandeln, Ananas, Käse, Walnüsse, Vanillepudding, Bananen, Tomaten und Milchschokolade. Außerdem wurde der Einfluß des Zigarettenrauchens auf die Bestimmung von AD, NA, VMS und MN untersucht.Walnüsse führten zu einer starken Erhöhung der 5-HIE-Ausscheidung. Bananen erhöhten die Ausscheidung von AD, NA, VMS, MN und 5-HIE. Kaffee und Ananas bewirkten eine geringe Zunahme der MN-Werte. Rauchen von 20–30 Zigaretten/Tag beeinflußte keine der vier Variablen.Wenn die beschriebenen Methoden benutzt werden, sollte lediglich auf den Verzehr von Bananen und Walnüssen vor und während der Harnsammelperioden verzichtet werden, da die oberen Normgrenzen im Harn überschritten werden könnten. Ein Verzicht auf Kaffee und Ananas in normalen Mengen ist nicht erforderlich. Es besteht kein Anlaß, weiterhin die bisherigen umfangreichen Restriktionen der übrigen Nahrungsmittel beizubehalten.     

A comparative study of the effects of dimebon,obsidan, finoptin,and cordaron on the functional state of ischemic focus and size of necrotic zone in experimental myocardial infarction

Dimebon, an antihistamine agent, exerts a moderate antianginal effect, improving the function of ischemic focus in the myocardium and decreasing the necrotic zone in experimental myocardial infarction. Dimebon is less active than obsidan, finoptin (except for the size of the necrotic zone), and cordaron. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 122, No. 12, pp. 642–644, December, 1996     

Effects of sex steroid hormones on lipid peroxidation and glutathione antioxidant system in rat skin

Effects of estradiol and testosterone on the intensity of lipid peroxidation and contents of glutathione redox system components in the dermis and epidermis of rat skin were studied. Only estradiol induced considerable dose-dependent and tissue-specific biphasic antioxidant effects on the skin. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 12, pp. 663–666, December, 1999     

Adhesion and growth of CaCo2 cells on surface-modified PEEK substrata

A series of surface-functionalized poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) films has been prepared by selective wet-chemistry; they are hydroxylated polymer (PEEK-OH) obtained by reduction, aminated polymer (PEEK-[]-NH2) prepared by coupling a diisocyanate reagent to PEEKOH (PEEK-[]-NCO) followed by hydrolysis, and carboxylated and aminocarboxylated polymers (PEEK-[]-GABA and PEEK-Lysine) resulting from the coupling of aminoacids to PEEK-[]-NCO. The aminated and carboxylated substrata promoted the adhesion and growth of CaCo2 cells in the presence of serum. Fibronectin (FN), an extra-cellular matrix protein, has been covalently fixed and/or adsorbed on various PEEK substrata, in the presence or not of a polymeric surfactant (Pluronic F68). The performances of the FN-grafted substrata (PEEK-[]-FN(1) and PEEK-[]-FN(2)) were significantly higher than those of reference substrata simply coated with FN (PEEK-OH(+FN)(1) and (2), PEEK-[]-NH2(+FN)(1) and (2)), considering the adhesion and spreading of CaCo2 cells in the absence of serum. Moreover, the stability of the adherent cells on the FN-adsorbed substrata dramatically depended on the experimental conditions applied during the PEEK coating with FN.     

THE ODYSSEY – A JUNGIAN PERSPECTIVE: INDIVIDUATION AND MEETING WITH THE ARCHETYPES OF THE COLLECTIVE UNCONSCIOUS

Homer's epic tale of the 20-year return of Odysseus from the Trojan War is investigated with particular reference to Jung's theory of individuation. Odysseus' meetings with 'the anima' in the form of goddesses, sirens and female monsters and his visit to Hades demonstrate the confrontation and humanization of aspects of the archetypal level of the psyche, central to Jung's theories of psychic growth and development. Jung's important ideas of the psychoid level and the transcendent function are explored and linked both to his investigations into medieval alchemy and with findings from contemporary neuroscience. The importance of Jung's constructive method of the interpretation of dreams and myths is shown to be central.