声空化场强化沸腾传热机理

引　言声空化是指向液体中辐射声波时 ,在一定压强下液体中出现的微小汽泡随着声压的变化作脉动、振荡或伴随有生长、收缩以至破灭的现象[1] .采用声空化技术强化传热的方法因涉及空化现象而不同于 2 0世纪 5 0～ 6 0年代仅依靠超声波使液体产生机械振动以达到强化传热的方法 .文献 [2 ,3]就声空化场对单相对流传热的影响进行了实验研究 ,结果表明 :传热强化效果分别高达 3倍和 4倍 ;文献[4 ]在研究了超声波对淬火的影响后指出 :由于超声的空化作用使淬火冷却 3个阶段中的膜沸腾传热提前结束 ,核沸腾传热提前到来 ,因而使介质冷却强度提高 5…     

管束沸腾传热的研究

一、前言管束沸腾传热对工程实际应用具有重要意义,例如蒸发器、蒸汽发电机、重沸器以及许多主要的传热装置都是采用管束沸腾进行热交换的,因此,可靠地预测管束沸腾传热性能是设计这类传热装置的关键。单管是构成管束换热器的基本结构单元,由于管束几何排列及沸腾现象的复杂性,单管的实验和理论研究结果远远     

流动沸腾传热的新模型

利用矢量分析，导出一个普遍适用于流动沸腾传热系数计算的模型方程并进行了实验验证，吻合较好。作者同时探讨了流动沸腾中核沸腾项被抑制的原因并在新模型的基础上关联了抑制因子的表达式。     

流动沸腾传热的矢量合成模型

初步分析在论文中提出的新模型的理论基础,并改进流动沸腾传热中对流蒸发项的计算,利用杨伟构造的渐进加和模型计算窄矩形流道中流动沸腾传热的对流蒸发项;还利用所提出的矢量合成模型预测了圆管内的流动沸腾传热系数。实验数据关联表明,所构造的模型适合窄矩形流道和圆管流道内流动沸腾传热系数的计算。     

添加剂对流动沸腾传热的影响

研究了添加剂对垂直管内流动沸腾传热的影响,选用W/O型聚丙烯酰胺(简称PAM)和十八烷胺(简称ODA)为添加剂,研究添加剂水溶液的性质、添加剂浓度、流速、热通量、聚合物分子量等因素对流动沸腾传热的影响.采用X光射线光电子能谱仪测试了添加剂分子在管壁上的吸附情况,并对壁面特性进行了分析.研究结果表明,W/O型聚丙烯酰胺和十八烷胺都具有强化流动沸腾传热的性能,而且有最佳浓度范围。PAM还具有减阻性能,因而可提高流速来强化流动沸腾传热。     

有肋隧道机加工表面多孔管沸腾传热性能和机理的探讨

一、前言在化工,制冷,空调等行业,往往由于蒸发器沸腾一侧给热系数较小,成为传热的主要热阻。寻求高效的沸腾传热元件来强化沸腾传热,是当前研究的一个重要课题。七十年代以来,先后研制出了机械加工表面多孔管,     

环隙内流动沸腾传热的计算

提出环隙内流动沸腾传热计算的数学模型和计算方法。将传热系数K与流动沸腾传热系数hb的计算结果与实测数据加以比较。对环隙与空管两种结构的流动沸腾传热性能也进行了分析对比。     

多孔表面强化沸腾传热的研究进展

本文综述了多孔表面用于强化沸腾传热的研究工作。即介绍了多孔表面的形成和结构表征方法、多孔表面的沸腾传热性能以及描述多孔表面沸腾传热机理的物理和数学模型，同时分析了影响多孔表面沸腾传热性能的因素，探讨了多孔表面强化沸腾传热研究的发展方向。     

二元液体混合物的沸腾传热

一、混合物沸腾传热特点及机理沸腾是一种具有相变的传热过程,由于它在工业应用中的重要性,引起许多学者开展研究。在过去的几十年中,对单组分沸腾特性的研究作了不少努力。然而在实际工作中涉及的往往是混合物的沸腾问题,尤其是     

Boiling Heat Transfer in an Acoustic Cavitation Field

An experimental study has been carried out to investigate systematically the effects of acoustic cavi-tation parameters and fluid subcooling on boiling of acetone around a horizontal circular tube. The experimental results show that acoustic cavitation enhanced remarkably the boiling heat transfer and decreased the incipient boiling superheat and that cavitation bubbles effect on boiling heat transfer reduced with cavitation distance. For boiling curves in a form of h-q", elevated cavitation distance shift nucleate boiling curves to the right of the corresponding ordinary pool boiling curve. The associated mechanism of heat transfer enhancement is analyzed with the consideration of cavitation bubble influence on vapor embryo.     

Experimental Study on the Heat Transfer Enhancement of Oscillating-Flow Heat Pipe by Acoustic Cavitation

Experimental investigations on the heat transfer characteristics of an oscillating-flow heat pipe with acoustic cavitation in comparison with the ordinary oscillating-flow heat pipe are given in this article. The experimental results showed that the heat transfer rate of an oscillating-flow heat pipe with an acoustic cavitation field imposed on the evaporator section was higher than that without a cavitation field by 8–24.5%. It has been proved that acoustic cavitation can enhance the heat transfer performance of an oscillating-flow heat pipe. However, for the case of acoustic cavitation applied on the condenser section, not all ultrasonic fields applied were effective, and the heat transfer rate increased from ?39 to 77%. Further discussion on the experimental results is provided.     

循环流化床的沸腾传热

A model is proposed to predict boiling heat transfer coefficient in a three-phase circulating fluidized bed (CFB), which is a new type of evaporation boiling means for enhancing heat transfer and preventing fouling. To verify the model, experiments are conducted in a stainless steel column with 39 mm ID and 2.0 m height, in which the heat transfer coefficient is measured for different superficial velocities, steam pressures, particle concentrations and materials of particle. As the steam pressure and particle concentrations increase, the heat transfer coefficient in the bed increases. The heat transfer coefficient increases with the liquid velocity but it exhibits a local minimum.The heat transfer coefficient is correlated with cluster renewed model and two-mechanism method. The prediction of the model is in good agreement with experimental data.     

自然循环固相强化沸腾传热的实验研究

本文将固体颗粒引入垂直列管热虹吸再沸器中，形成内部自然循环固相强化沸腾传热，对其传热特性进行了实验研究。重点考察了固相种类、直径、加入量对有机物系沸腾传热的强化效果。试验结果表明，固相强化后，传热系数较相同条件下汽液两相沸腾传热提高20％以上。     

内加热式螺旋流流动沸腾传热研究

本文研究了内加热式螺旋流流动沸腾传热的传热性能与临界热通量问题，提出了有旁流和无旁流时沸腾传热系数的计算方法，并进行了验证。     

三甘醇水溶液池沸腾传热

Boiling of water/triethyleneglycol (TEG) binary solution has a wide-ranging application in the gas processing engineering. Design, operation and optimization of the involved boilers require accurate prediction of boiling heat transfer coefficient between surface and solution. In this investigation, nucleate pool boiling heat transfer coef-ficient has been experimentally measured on a horizontal rod heater in water/TEG binary solutions in a wide range of concentrations and heat fluxes under ambient condition. The present experimental data are correlated using major existing correlations. In addition a correlation is presented for prediction of pool boiling heat transfer for the system in which the vapour pressure of one component is negligible. This model is based on the mass transfer rate equation for prediction of the concentration at the bubble vapor/liquid interface. Based on this prediction, the temperature of the interface and accordingly, the boiling heat transfer coefficient could be straightforwardly calculated from the known concentration at the interface. It is shown that this simple model has sufficient accuracy and is acceptable below the medium concentrations of TEG when the vapor equilibrium concentration of TEG is almost zero. The presented model excludes any tuning parameter and requires very few physical properties to apply.     

添加剂对乙二醇二元、三元混合物沸腾传热的强化

选择水、乙二醇-水、乙二醇-乙醇-水溶液及加入微量添加剂(表面活性剂)为工质,进行池式沸腾传热试验。研究添加剂的加入对乙二醇二元、三元混合物沸腾传热膜系数的影响。试验结果表明,十二烷基硫酸钠等表面活性物质对水、乙二醇-水等溶液的沸腾传热有明显的强化作用。对乙二醇-乙醇-水溶液有一定的强化作用。在此基础上,本文讨论了表面活性物质强化水、乙二醇-水溶液沸腾传热的主要原因是添加剂的加入导致了纯组分及混合物气泡脱离频率增加,脱离直径变小;同时,添加剂的加入也增加了汽化核心数。而汽化核心数的增加是表面活性物质强化水及乙二醇-水等混合物沸腾传热的主要原因。     

热虹吸窄矩形流道内多元非理想物系流动沸腾传热

以乙醇－水、正丙醇－水、乙醇－正丙醇－水以及乙醇－苯－水作为工质,在热虹吸矩形流道内研究了多元物系流动沸腾传热。使用校正的渐进模型关联式,结合Thome核沸腾传质阻力效应校正,构造出多元物系流动沸腾传热计算方法。     

Estimation of Pool Boiling Heat Transfer Coefficients of Ethanol-Water Mixtures

Based on the analysis of the principles of heat and mass transfer from the liquid bulk to bubble surface during nucleation, a new estimation method to predict the heat transfer of the nucleate pool boiling in binary mixtures is proposed in this paper by using t he heat and mass transfer analogy (Colburn analogy) at the bubble surface transfer layers. With the use of Thome‘s eaacept of boiling range, an approximate method is derived to vealise the calculation. The peedictbd results by this method are in good agreement with the experimental data from different sources.     

换热器用多孔管沸腾传热物理模型比较

综述了针对多孔管沸腾传热的物理模型.分析了影响多孔表面沸腾传热的影响因素,对各种模型的优缺点进行了分析归纳,探讨了多孔管沸腾传热物理模型研究的发展方向,对今后的发展提出了自己的建议.