肾动脉化疗栓塞结合免疫治疗巨大肾癌21例

目的 探讨巨大.肾癌动脉灌注化疗联合栓塞免疫治疗的疗效.方法 1992年4月-2006年4月,对巨大肾癌行动脉灌注栓塞术,灌注用抗癌药物为卡铂300 mg,丝裂霉素20 mg,环磷酰胺800 mg;用无水乙醇、5%油酸钠、40%碘油加明胶海绵颗粒施行肾动脉栓塞;白细胞介素-2辅助治疗.结果 21例均成功施行动脉灌注术.其中15例栓塞术后1～8周行手术切除,术中见肿瘤血供不足,病理见肿瘤细胞大片坏死,周边有不同程度的淋巴细胞浸润及纤维增生,肿瘤毛细血管栓塞.1、2、3年生存率分别为80.0%(12/15)、53.3%(8/15)、40.0%(6/15).结论 肾动脉灌注化疗联合栓塞与免疫治疗巨癌,临床疗效较好.     

肾动脉栓塞术在切除巨大肾癌中的应用

自1994年3月起，我们应用超液态碘化油乳化液在对3例巨大肾癌手术前行肾动脉栓塞术，效果满意，现报告如下。1临床资料本组男性1例，女性2例，年龄33～68岁；左侧2例，右侧1例。根据TNM分期[1]，3例均为Tx；1例合并肺及友乳腺转移。于栓塞后4～5d手术。切除的肿瘤直径分别为12、14、17cm。2典型病例与方法患者，女性．48岁。因有腰疼痛伴血尿6个月，经CT、B超、尿路造影等诊断为右肾癌。电视下经皮股动脉插管至肾动脉分叉处，将预先配制的超液态碘化油乳化液40ml（按油与盐水比例1：1配制成乳化液；助热至37℃后混匀，油水互溶制成乳化液…     

肾动脉栓塞加免疫疗法治疗晚期肾癌16例

肾动脉栓塞术治疗晚期肾癌,尤其是作为手术前的辅助治疗被广泛应用于临床。自1993年3月～2002年2月,我院对16例晚期肾癌患者采取肾动脉栓塞术,术后应用α-干扰素,白细胞介素-2治疗,效果满意,报道如下。     

无水乙醇术前肾动脉栓塞治疗肾癌的临床疗效分析

目的 评价肾癌术前肾动脉无水乙醇栓塞治疗的疗效.方法 32例肾癌患者,行患侧肾动脉无水乙醇逐级栓塞,明胶海绵栓塞肾动脉主干,2～5 d后行肾癌根治术,记录肿瘤切除率,术中失血量和手术时间.结果 32例栓塞后造影证实肾动脉完全栓塞,手术肿瘤切除率100%,术中见肿瘤缩小,肾表面静脉萎陷,肾周围水肿明显,出血少,手术时间短.结论 肾动脉栓塞可以减少手术出血,缩短手术时间,是肾癌的一种安全有效的治疗手段.     

肾癌术前肾动脉栓塞及化疗性栓塞的疗效评价

目的　对 19例肾癌术前肾动脉栓塞及化疗性栓塞技术的疗效进行评价。方法　术前单纯性栓塞组 8例 ,化疗性栓塞组 11例 ,对其手术过程和病理切片进行回顾性研究。结果　所有病例均成功地实施术前栓塞 ,栓塞后手术可见肿瘤血供基本中断 ;病理可见肿瘤坏死明显且与周围组织界限清楚。讨论　肾癌术前肾动脉栓塞及化疗性栓塞对减少围手术期的风险及预后均有积极的影响     

肾动脉栓塞及化疗性栓塞在肾癌切除术中的应用

目的对73例肾癌术前肾动脉栓塞及化疗性栓塞技术的疗效进行评价。方法术前单纯性栓塞组38例,化疗性栓塞组35例,对其手术过程和病理切片进行回顾性研究。结果所有病例均成功地实施术前栓塞,栓塞后手术可见肿瘤血供基本中断;病理可见肿瘤坏死明显且与周围组织界限清楚。结论肾癌术前肾动脉栓塞及化疗性栓塞对减少围手术期的风险及预后均有积极的影响。     

超选择肾动脉栓塞术治疗晚期肾癌(附19例分析)

目的减少肾癌根治术中出血,提高切除率及晚期肾癌患者的姑息治疗疗效。材料与方法应用明胶海绵、碘化油等栓塞材料超选择肾动脉栓塞辅助治疗19例肾癌。结果栓塞后72小时内行根治术者15例,2例栓塞术前未能切除或放弃手术而栓塞后得以切除,另外2例栓塞术后拒绝外科手术。术后30天生存率100％,1、3年生存率分别为79％、57％。本组未见并发症。结论肾动脉栓塞术治疗晚期肾癌安全有效,可用于肾癌术前的辅助治疗及肾癌晚期的姑息治疗。     

超选择肾动脉化疗栓塞治疗老年性晚期肾癌

目的 探讨超选择肾动脉化疗栓塞治疗老年性晚期肾癌的疗效及意义。方法 对我科采用超选择肾动脉化疗栓塞治疗的37例老年（年龄70～77岁，平均74岁）晚期肾癌患者的临床资料及随访情况进行回顾性分析。结果 栓塞治疗后，所有患者症状与体征不同程度减轻甚至消失，如血尿消失，食欲、体重增加。术后1a．2a和3a生存率分别为59％、54％和22％。结论 超选择肾动脉化疗栓塞是老年性晚期肾癌首选的姑息疗法，碘油药物乳剂和明胶海绵颗粒是肾癌较佳的栓塞材料。     

选择性肾动脉栓塞的临床应用

目的：研究肾动脉栓塞术在肾肿瘤术前和肾血管畸形出血病人中的临床应用。方法：对１６例进行选择性肾动脉栓塞，其中１４例肾肿瘤为术前栓塞，应用明胶海绵碎屑，栓塞程度达肾动脉主干。２例肾动静脉血管畸形出血，采用２ｃｍ长丝线段加明胶海绵碎屑行肾亚段栓塞。结果：（１）术中易剥离，出血少。（２）术野清晰，缩短术时。（３）肾血管畸形者，止血效果显著，并能免于剖腹手术，且不影响患肾功能。结论：选择性血管造影可以鉴别肾良、恶性病变，为肾切除及止血栓塞提供依据。     

肾癌术前无水乙醇肾动脉栓塞及并发症的预防(附48例报告)

目的：研究肾癌术前无水乙醇肾动脉栓塞，以减少肾癌术中出血，避免肿瘤扩散。方法：ｓｅｌｄｉｎｇｅｒ法，导管插入患肾动脉，以１ｍｌ／ｓ注射无水乙醇第１个５ｍｌ，０．５ｍｌ／ｓ注射第２个５ｍｌ，０．２ｍｌ／ｓ注射余下部分——呈递减速度注射无水乙醇１５～２０ｍｌ。结果：４６例栓塞成功，２例失败；１例无水乙醇返流导致肠系膜下动脉栓塞。结论：肾癌术前无水乙醇肾动脉栓塞安全、有效；以递减速度注射，可预防无水乙醇返流造成其他脏器栓塞的并发症。     

肾切除术前的肾动脉栓塞术：造影及栓塞方法

８例肾癌患者行旨在配合肾切除术的肾动脉栓塞术。其中５例取得了明显减少出血、操作容易、缩短手术时间的好效果。本文认为肾切除术前２￣７天行栓塞术较有利。无水乙醇比明胶海绵中断血运效果更佳。用无水乙醇只要栓塞至二极分支就足以中断肾血供。造影应显示供血动脉、肿瘤血管、引流静脉，为肾切除及栓塞术提供参考。栓塞前后应注意保护健肾，一般可以一次完成诊断造影及栓塞治疗。     

NT—海球栓在肾肿瘤的栓塞应用

经肾动脉灌注化疗药物，同时应用ＮＴ－海球栓栓塞治疗肾肿瘤６例。其中４例于栓塞后３￣５天行切除术。术中肾蒂处理方便，出血减少，抑制或减少了肿瘤细胞的播散、种植或转移，改变了姑息性治疗肿瘤细胞单纯缺血坏死为缺血与药物杀伤双重治疗。达到了提高生存质量、延长生命之目的。文章对栓塞机理及临床意义进行了讨论。     

Renal Cell Carcinoma in a Horseshoe Kidney and Preoperative Superselective Renal Artery Embolization: A Case Report

Only rarely is renal cell carcinoma encountered in a horseshoe kidney. This is a case report on renal cell carcinoma in a horseshoe kidney, in which superselective renal artery embolization was performed preoperatively. CT and digital subtraction angiography revealed a horseshoe kidney with a 3-cm tumor in the left side. Superselective renal artery embolization of the tumor was performed as a prerequisite procedure for the organ-preserving surgery of simple enucleation. Preoperative superselective renal artery embolization can be an effective tool to facilitate organ-preserving surgery in a horseshoe kidney.     

肾动脉内支架置入术治疗肾性高血压

报告了肾动脉狭窄采用Ｐａｌｍａｚ支架留置的程序，并报告了典型病例和十三个半月的追踪结果。结合文献复习讨论了肾动脉内支架留置的适应证和禁忌证及作者的初步体会。肾动脉内支架留置后的长期开通需要进一步追踪观察。     

Renal Artery Embolization of Perirenal Hematoma in Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome: A Case Report

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is an acute viral disease characterized by fever, hemorrhage and renal failure. Among the various hemorrhagic complications of HFRS, spontaneous rupture of the kidney and perirenal hematoma are very rare findings. We report here on a case of HFRS complicated by massive perirenal hematoma, and this was treated with transcatheter arterial embolization.     

Transcatheter Embolization of a Renal Arteriovenous Fistula Complicated by an Aneurysm of the Feeding Renal Artery

Renal arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is rare. Renal AVF complicated by aneurysm of the feeding artery presents a technical challenge for endovascular treatment. We report a case managed by covered stenting of the renal artery aneurysm, coil embolization of the fistula, and bare stenting of the aorta.     

Renal Artery Embolization - A First Line Treatment Option For End-Stage Hydronephrosis

Conventionally poorly functioning hydronephrotic kidneys have been removed if they are symptomatic. In our unit, patients are offered renal artery embolization as an alternative treatment option. Patients and Methods: Fifteen patients (11 male, 4 female) with a mean age of 32.9 yr (20–51 yrs) have undergone renal artery embolization for symptomatic hydronephrosis with poor function. Mean follow-up was 64.13 weeks (range 14–200). All patients had loin pain and hydronephrosis. Twelve patients had primary pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction (PUJO). Two patients had poorly functioning hydronephrotic kidneys secondary to chronic calculous obstruction. One patient had chronic pain in an obstructed but reasonably functioning kidney following a previous pyeloplasty for PUJO which demanded intervention. Mean split function on renography was 11% (range 0–46%). Selective renal artery embolization was carried out under antibiotic cover using a 7 Fr balloon occlusion catheter and absolute alcohol, steel coils, and polyvinyl alcohol particles.Results: Nine patients developed post-embolization syndrome of self-limiting pain and pyrexia with no evidence of sepsis. One patient required readmission with this condition. One patient developed a hematoma at the puncture site. Mean hospital stay was 2.3 days. Fourteen patients are happy with the result and are completely pain free. One patient has minor discomfort but is delighted with the result. Nine patients have had follow-up ultrasound confirming resolution of the hydronephrosis. Conclusion: Renal artery embolization is an effective, safe, well-tolerated minimally invasive treatment option in end-stage hydronephrosis and we routinely offer it as an alternative to nephrectomy.     

超选择肾动脉栓塞对医源性肾出血患者治疗的有效性及安全性评估

目的探讨超选择介入栓塞对医源性肾出血患者治疗的有效性及安全性。资料与方法 32例经保守治疗无效的医源性肾出血患者行肾动脉造影检查,明确出血部位后行超选择肾动脉栓塞治疗(SRAE)。以栓塞后即刻造影显示出血部位无对比剂外溢征象为技术成功标准、术后3d内血尿完全消失为临床成功标准,评价SRAE的成功率;评估栓塞手术前后肾功能及血压的变化。结果 32例患者肾动脉栓塞技术成功率为100.0%(32/32),临床成功率为93.7%(30/32);SRAE术后平均随访9.5个月(5d～1年),3例出现肾功能下降,1例术后肾功能较术前好转;1例术后血压升高,1例术后新发高血压。结论超选择介入栓塞治疗医源性肾出血有较高的技术成功率和临床有效率,并且对肾功能及血压的影响较小,是一种安全有效的治疗方法。