新型气液逆流接触洗涤器流动-传质模型

通过冷模实验对一种新型气液逆流式洗涤器流动传质特性进行了考察。实验结果表明,在不同的操作条件下,洗涤器内气液两相流动会呈现出不同的流型。其中,洗涤器在泡沫流状态下的高效传质段体积和解吸率的数值均较大。将实验结果与理论分析相结合,依据其气液接触表面更新极快、形成高度湍动泡沫流的特点,提出了一种基于该洗涤器结构和操作特性、可以预测洗涤器传质效果的“两段式”流动-传质模型。模型将洗涤器内气液作用区分为两个区段：旋转射流段和高效传质段。利用该模型分析了解吸率与液气比L/G和旋流比ω的变化关系;结果表明,在不同操作条件下,该模型的计算结果与实验数据吻合较好,可供工程设计参考。     

新型气液逆流接触洗涤器流动-传质模型

通过冷模实验对一种新型气液逆流式洗涤器流动传质特性进行了考察。实验结果表明,在不同的操作条件下,洗涤器内气液两相流动会呈现出不同的流型。其中,洗涤器在泡沫流状态下的高效传质段体积和解吸率的数值均较大。将实验结果与理论分析相结合,依据其气液接触表面更新极快、形成高度湍动泡沫流的特点,提出了一种基于该洗涤器结构和操作特性、可以预测洗涤器传质效果的"两段式"流动-传质模型。模型将洗涤器内气液作用区分为两个区段:旋转射流段和高效传质段。利用该模型分析了解吸率与液气比L/G和旋流比ω的变化关系;结果表明,在不同操作条件下,该模型的计算结果与实验数据吻合较好,可供工程设计参考。     

金属酸洗生产线的NOx、和SOx排出物的去除

本发明涉及从金属酸洗操作的气体流出物中除去高百分比的NOx和SOx的方法，它包括使所述气流通过含水洗涤器，用臭氧处理该洗涤器的气体流出称，使该经臭氧处理的气流通过第二含水洗涤器，从而除去存在于原气流中至少体积分数为80%的NOxSOx，该两个洗涤器的PA较好为7-14，更为好10-14。     

尿素流程氨汽提塔的模拟

基于严格的热力学机理模型,对尿素工艺流程中氨汽提过程建立了平衡级模型,通过迭代求解,得到了收敛的结果,完成了对整个汽提塔的模拟计算,计算结果同设计值吻合较好。该研究为改造、优化工艺操作及单元设备结构提供了理论依据。     

动力波洗涤器中碱液吸收低浓CO_2的传质特性

为研究动力波洗涤器内的气液传质特性,在动力波洗涤器中,进行NaOH溶液吸收混合气体中微量CO2气体的吸收实验。参考填料塔中钠碱溶液吸收低浓气体的传质模型,测定了动力波洗涤器中NaOH溶液吸收低浓CO2的气相体积总传质系数KGa及吸收效率η。研究了气相速度、NaOH溶液质量分数及液气比对KGa的影响,结果表明:KGa随着气相速度及NaOH溶液质量分数的增加而增大,但NaOH溶液质量分数小于气相速度对KGa的影响;随着液气比的提高,KGa逐渐减小,η开始随着液气比的提高而增加,但到一定数值后,效果不明显;回归了KGa的准数关联式,并依据液气比对KGa及η的综合评价,提出洗涤管直径为100 mm,NaOH溶液质量分数为10%,液气比操作范围在0.005—0.025时,动力波洗涤器具有较高的综合传质性能,为工业应用提供参考。     

撞击式泡沫洗涤器流场数值模拟

采用k-ω湍流模型和拉格朗日两相流模型模拟了撞击式泡沫洗涤器内气液逆流接触的两相流场,通过分析中心截面的气相速度分布,可将气液两相相互作用区分为回流区、泡沫区和壁面环流区3个区域;探索用液相浓度分布来定量表征泡沫区即有效传质区的范围;考察了5种工况下洗涤器压降的模拟结果,并与试验结果相对比吻合较好(相对误差小于10%),验证了模拟的可靠性。     

新型高效湿式洗涤器简介

<正>最近十余年,工业生产过程中湿式洗涤器的研究和发展有了新的进展,新装置和新用途不断出现,并在生产过程和环境保护方面不断得到应用。 现对生产中应用获得能耗低、效率高、效益显著的、两相喷射洗涤器,TRW型带电荷液滴洗涤器,高效率电离湿式洗涤器,动态泡沫床净化器的设计、结构、原理、使用场合及效果简介如下:     

文丘里洗涤器在电厂尾气脱硫中的应用

文丘里洗涤器作为一种高效的湿式洗涤器,已得到广泛的应用,但在电厂尾气脱硫中应用较少。本文根据某电厂尾气脱硫项目,对文丘里洗涤器的结构设计、材质选择进行了阐述,为该设备在尾气脱硫的设计应用提供了借鉴。     

φ3300×6000毫米冲击洗涤器使用情况

我厂炼钢转炉烟气制酸,净化系统采用75％硫酸洗涤,流程是冲击洗涤器→泡沫塔→一级电除雾器。冲击洗涤器是系统中主要除尘设备,几年来使用情况较好,对保证正常运转起了很大的作用。     

基于SIMULINK系统的间歇萃取精馏动态模拟

间歇萃取精馏属于非理想性极强的非稳态过程,很难找到一种快捷有效且易于执行的求解方法.基于此,分别建立了全回流开工、加溶剂全同流及产品采出3个阶段的平衡级动态模型,编写S函数将该模型求解过程嵌套于SIMULINK模块中,并在此基础上开发了间歇萃取精馏的动态模拟平台.通过将不同解法与实验值进行对比,确定了该研究条件下动态模型的求解策略:ODE45解法适于求解全回流开工和加溶剂全回流动态模型;ODE 15s解法和ODE 23s解法适于求解产品采出动态模型,其中ODE 23s的计算过程相对更快捷.     

尿素粉尘洗涤器的设计

介绍大颗粒尿素生产中尿素粉尘洗涤器的设计条件，工艺流程和洗涤工艺计算。分别对洗涤方法和设计方案进行了比较，并概述了洗涤器内件结构的设计要求。     

Venturi scrubber calculation and optimization

Collection efficiency and pressure loss of a venturi scrubber can usually be determined from the calculation models of Barth and Calvert. However, this only leads to reasonable results if the droplets are uniformly distributed throughout each cross-section of the washing zone. In this work, a two-zone models is developed which allows the calculation of the venturi scrubber at operating conditions with a non-uniform droplet distribution. The scrubber geometry is also taken into account. A venturi scrubber was developed on the basis of this new model. Its energy consumption is significantly lower than the well-Known optimum characteristic of Wicke and Holzer. For ideal operating conditions, a new optimum characteristic is given which should be the aim of future optimizations.     

PREDICTION OF PRESSURE DROP IN A VENTURI SCRUBBER: EFFECT OF LIQUID FILM AND RE-ENTRAINMENT

A mathematical model has been developed for prediction of pressure drop in a Venturi scrubber. This model includes the effect of the amount of liquid film and re-entrainment of liquid droplets from liquid film. The result of the present model is compared with experimental data of Viswanathan et al. (1985) as well as with the other models (Viswanathan et al., 1985; Boll, 1973). Results of this study indicate that at high liquid to gas ratios prediction of pressure drop can be improved by considering re-entrainment and liquid film effects. Also the effects of gas velocity and liquid to gas ratio were investigated on the rate of droplet re-entrainment and pressure drop.     

新型湍冲洗涤塔的设计与应用

介绍了新型湍冲洗涤塔结构和设计特点。该塔集动力波洗涤器、洗涤塔、循环槽和沉降槽4台设备功能于一体,具有占地面积小、操作简单、运行可靠、净化效率高等优点。在金川集团6套硫酸装置中的应用表明,采用该新型湍冲洗涤塔后净化工序各项指标良好,出塔气温在65℃以下,塔压力降在1.2 kPa左右,进干燥塔气体的尘含量小于2 mg/m~3。     

Designing for pressure drop in Venturi scrubbers: the importance of dry pressure drop

An industrial scale Venturi scrubber pilot plant has been used to provide detailed measurements of pressure drop as a function of a broad range of operating conditions. Modelling approaches suitable for design predictions of ΔP have been examined. While numerical models provide clearer understanding of the phenomena occurring in scrubbers, analytical models offer the most promise of improving industrial design practice. These models concentrate on the work done on the liquid phase and ignore turbulence-induced gas phase accelerational (dry pressure drop) losses. However, the experiments show that the latter are important even in well-designed, classical Venturi shapes. Available models are compared, for the first time, with actual wet pressure drop data and agreement is shown to be good. By isolating the dry pressure drop effect, design models can be applied to a wider range of Venturi geometries.     

大颗粒尿素造粒尾气冷却洗涤器技术应用进展

化肥厂尿素车间造粒工段不可避免地会产生含尿素粉尘的气体,尤其是在大颗粒尿素的造粒过程中会产生温度及尿素粉尘浓度都较高的气体,生产中需要将这些粉尘捕集回收利用,以增加经济效益和避免环境污染。本文指出,根据尿素水溶性好的特点,国内外一般都采用湿法捕集技术,其核心装置就是尿素尾气冷却洗涤器。通过该系统对尿素造粒产生的尾气进行冷却洗涤处理后排放大气,同时回收尿素粉尘。文中简述了尿素尾气冷却洗涤装置发展经历的不同阶段,包括最初的散堆填料塔、塔盘和喷头组合、规整填料和MD塔盘复合结构、气液并流式冷却洗涤器和隔壁塔型气液混流式冷却洗涤器。指出气液并流式冷却洗涤器与传统的逆流吸收塔相比,操作不会产生液泛,气速范围大,处理能力高,排放更加环保化,同等条件下投资降低40%,系统压力降降低50%以上,风机功率降低,节省了操作费用,近些年来已被国内多数厂家采用。     

内喷文氏管异常情况分析及改造

分析了某50kt／a硫铁矿制酸装置内喷文氏管出口气温超高、压力降上涨快的原因并采取相应改造措施，如改进喷头安装高度设计、优化工艺操作参数、加强设备和管道保温等。生产实践表明，必须加强内喷文氏管设计和操作，以保证设备稳定、高效地运行。     

大颗粒尿素洗涤塔的计算与分析

结合某厂大颗粒尿素洗涤塔技术改造的工艺要求，介绍了洗涤塔设计方案的选择论证过程，提出了板波纹规整填料和大孔穿流筛板的组合式设计方案，对不同规格的规整填料和塔板参数选择进行了对比和讨论，结果表明，板波填料采用3m高的125Y型，塔板采用板上无液层的大孔穿流筛板是理想的组合。     

Is the Souders-Brown equation sufficient for scrubber design? An experimental investigation at elevated pressure with hydrocarbon fluids

Scrubber design practice today is largely based on experimental data generated at ambient conditions with air-water systems. This paper reports experimental results for gas scrubber performance at pressures up to 92 bar using two types of hydrocarbon liquids: Exxsol D60 and a synthesized “live” natural gas condensate. The scrubber has a configuration very commonly used in industry with three types of internals in series: a vane inlet, a mesh pad and a cyclone deck. Results for the separation efficiency and the pressure drop of the internals separately and combined are shown graphically. The relevance of the Souders-Brown K-value, commonly used as scrubber design parameter, is elucidated both theoretically and in light of the results. The results show that the Souders-Brown value is rather good in practise for design of inlet vane and mesh pad, and that results for the two hydrocarbon systems agree reasonably, but also that better design rules are required for high-pressure separation of hydrocarbon liquids.