关节镜下LARS韧带与自体腘绳肌腱重建前交叉韧带的早期临床疗效比较

目的回顾性研究LARS韧带和自体腘绳肌腱重建前交叉韧带(ACL)的早期临床疗效。方法自2008年7月～2011年2月对54例ACL损伤分别行关节镜下LARS韧带和自体腘绳肌腱重建ACL,腘绳肌腱组31例,LARS韧带组23例,分别对其术前术后行Lysholm、Tegner、IKDC评分,并选取最近一次随访结果进行统计分析。结果术后LARS韧带组的膝关节Lysholm、Tegner、IKDC评分略高于腘绳肌腱组,但两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 LARS韧带和自体腘绳肌腱重建ACL能明显改善患者的功能,LARS韧带组和自体韧带组有相似的早期疗效,且恢复时间明显缩短。     

关节镜下一期自体腘绳肌腱重建前交叉韧带联合LARS韧带重建后交叉韧带

目的探讨关节镜下一期应用自体腘绳肌腱重建前交叉韧带联合LARS人工韧带重建后交叉韧带的临床疗效。方法自2009-02—2010-06对14例膝关节前、后交叉韧带断裂及严重膝关节脱位患者在关节镜下一期采用自体腘绳肌腱重建前交叉韧带联合LARS人工韧带重建后交叉韧带,同时处理合并的侧副韧带及半月板损伤。末次随访时采用膝关节Lysholm评分、IKDC评分评定疗效。结果术后14例均获随访23~36个月,平均29.5个月。均无膝关节肿痛症状、感染、伸膝障碍发生。末次随访时,膝关节屈曲达120°~130°;膝关节IKDC评分：A类11例（78.6%）,B类2例（14.3%）,C类1例（7.1%）;膝关节Lysholm评分（89.2±4.6）分,较术前（54.7±5.3）分明显提高,差异有统计学意义（t=32.156,P=8.91E-14）。结论关节镜下一期应用自体腘绳肌腱重建前交叉韧带联合LARS人工韧带重建后交叉韧带治疗膝关节多韧带损伤临床疗效满意。     

自体腘绳肌腱与LARS人工韧带重建前交叉韧带临床疗效的荟萃分析

[目的]基于国内现有临床证据比较自体腘绳肌腱与LARS人工韧带在关节镜下重建前交叉韧带的临床疗效。[方法]检索中国知网数据库,万方数据库,中国生物医学文献数据库和维普期刊网,检索时间截至到2016年8月。应用5.3版Rev Man软件和Stata12.0软件进行数据处理。主要评价指标为术后随访12个月以上Lysholm评分;次要评价指标包括主观IKDC评分,Tegner活动评分以及并发症。[结果]分析结果显示在术后随访12个月以上Lysholm评分和主观IKDC评分方面,LARS人工韧带组均要优于自体腘绳肌腱组;Tegner活动评分两组差异无统计学意义;两种治疗方法均未见明显并发症。[结论]本分析结果表明在前交叉韧带重建术后早中期,LARS人工韧带组在膝关节症状、功能和稳定性方面明显优于自体腘绳肌腱组。     

LARS韧带与自体腘绳肌腱重建前交叉韧带的中期疗效比较

目的比较韧带先进加强系统(ligament advanced reinforcement system,LARS)人工韧带与自体腘绳肌腱作为移植物重建前交叉韧带的中期临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2014年1月至2017年1月行关节镜下LARS人工韧带或自体腘绳肌腱重建前交叉韧带患者的临床及随访资料,比较两组的临床疗效。LARS人工韧带组25例(人工韧带组),自体腘绳肌腱组35例(自体肌腱组)。术前与术后随访采用Lysholm、Tegner、国际膝关节评分委员会(international knee documentation committee,IKDC)评分评价临床疗效,采用前抽屉试验(ADT试验)、Lachman试验评价术后膝关节稳定性。结果术后随访24～54个月,平均36个月。两组组内末次随访与术前比较,Lysholm、Tegner、IKDC评分升高,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);术前两组间Lysholm、Tegner、IKDC评分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),术后末次随访人工韧带组与自体肌腱组在Lysholm评分、Tegner评分、IKDC评分、ADT试验及Lachman试验比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。人工韧带组术后重返运动时间(19.52±2.33)周,明显早于自体肌腱组(29.54±2.33)周,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论关节镜下LARS韧带与自体腘绳肌腱重建前交叉韧带中期疗效相当,均可恢复膝关节功能与稳定性,但使用LARS韧带重建的患者能够早期重返运动。     

关节镜下膝关节交叉韧带断裂重建术

[目的]探讨膝关节镜下采用自体腘绳肌肌腱重建前/后交叉韧带的方法和效果.[方法]回顾性分析38例关节镜下应用自体腘绳肌肌腱单束四股移植重建前/后交叉韧带的情况,采用Lysholm 关节评分评价疗效.[结果]平均随访26.5 个月,Lysholm 关节评分由术前52分提高到术后91分,优良率89.5%.[结论]关节镜下自体腘绳肌肌腱单束四股重建前/后交叉韧带创伤小,疗效优良,稳定性好,并发症少.早期系统训练可改善预后.     

关节镜下横穿钉固定重建膝关节前交叉韧带的临床疗效分析

[目的]观察关节镜下股骨侧应用横穿钉(Transfix)固定,胫骨侧界面螺钉(Interference)结合门型钉固定自体腘绳肌腱或同种异体肌腱重建膝关节前交叉韧带的临床疗效。[方法]膝关节前交叉韧带重建患者117例,所有患者均应用股骨侧横穿钉(Transfix)固定,胫骨侧界面螺钉(Interference)结合门型钉固定行前交叉韧带单束重建,其中使用自体腘绳肌腱患者81例,使用同种异体肌腱患者36例,观察此固定方法的可靠性及近期疗效,使用Lysholm评分及IKDC 2000评价手术前后膝关节功能。[结果]103例患者获得随访,随访时间12～26个月(平均18个月),关节活动度正常。平均Lysholm评分由术前的(57.60±5.74)分提高到术后的(94.55±2.38)分(P0.05)。IKDC 2000评分96例正常,6例(5.8%)接近正常,1例(1%)异常。自体腘绳肌腱组和同种异体肌腱组患者的物理检查及功能评分无明显差异。[结论]股骨侧横穿钉固定,胫骨侧界面螺钉结合门型钉固定重建膝关节前交叉韧带的手术方式近期疗效肯定,移植物固定可靠,手术操作安全。应用自体及同种异体肌腱进行重建都具有良好的临床效果,可根据患者的病情及主观要求进行选择。     

自体腘绳肌腱重建前交叉韧带38例分析

[目的]探讨关节镜下自体肌腱重建前交叉韧带移植物的选择、固定方法、腱-骨愈合因素和术后的康复训练。[方法]选取38例需关节镜下行前交叉韧带自体腘绳肌腱移植重建术的患者。术后行相同的功能康复训练,术后定期记录患膝疼痛评分、膝关节活动度、IKDC评分和Lysholm评分。对数据收集后行统计学分析。[结果]38例患者均获得20个月以上随访,平均28.60个月。术后1周的VAS评分(6.57±0.613)分,末次随访时降至(1.18±1.105)分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);膝关节活动度由术后1周(78.56±4.75)°提高到术后12周的(132.54±4.74)°,两者间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);IKDC评分由术前的(21.63±1.29)分提升到术后12周的(60.68±1.53)分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后Lysholm评分中的指标比术前均有不同程度的提高。末次随访,所有病人的前抽屉试验、Lachman试验及轴移试验均为阴性。[结论]关节镜下采用自体半腱肌腱、股薄肌腱重建前交叉韧带的早期临床疗效满意,可以降低患膝疼痛评分、增加患膝活动度、提高IKDC评分和Lysholm评分,缩短了患者康复疗程。     

关节镜下自体腘绳肌腱重建后交叉韧带30例临床观察

[目的]在关节镜下应用Retrobutton、Bio-interference screw及Spiked ligament staple采用自体腘绳肌腱重建后交叉韧带,观察临床效果,评估此手术的安全性及疗效.[方法]将临床上所搜集的30例采用自体腘绳肌腱重建后交叉韧带的患者,在股骨端应用Retrobutton、胫骨端应用Bio-interference screw、Spiked ligament staple固定,观察术后的近期疗效,用Lysholm和IKDC评分标准进行膝关节功能评价.[结果]Lysholm积分由术前的(40.0±6.0)分提高到术后的(85.5±3.5)分,IKDC评分由术前的(47.5±5.5)分提高到术后的(86.0±2.5)分.[结论]应用Retrobutton、Bio-interference screw和Spiked ligament staple进行自体腘绳肌腱后交叉韧带重建并进行适当的功能锻炼的方法,具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少、疗效佳的优点.     

关节镜下腘绳肌重建膝前交叉韧带的临床研究

目的探讨关节镜下腘绳肌重建膝关节前交叉韧带的方法,并对其中期临床疗效进行分析。方法自2003年5月～2005年6月,采用自体双股半腱肌腱结合双股股薄肌腱重建膝关节前交叉韧带75例。其中,男64例,女11例;年龄16～60岁,平均年龄27.5岁。左膝32例,右膝43例。取患膝半腱肌、股薄肌肌腱,予修整、编织缝合后植入制备好的骨道内,股骨端移植物行横杆悬挂法固定,胫骨端用生物可吸收界面螺钉加钛门形钉固定。结果62例获得随访,随访时间15～36个月,平均26个月。得到随访的62例中,术前Lysholm评分(46.1±2.6)分,随访时Lysholm评分(92.5±4.2)分。用配对t检验进行统计学分析发现,术前和术后随访时相比有极显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论关节镜下腘绳肌移植重建膝前交叉韧带是一种微创、疗效确切的方法。     

自体四股胭绳肌腱与LARS人工韧带重建前交叉韧带临床疗效比较

目的 对照研究自体四股胭绳肌腱(4SHG)与LARS人工韧带重建前交叉韧带(ACL)手术的早期临床疗效.方法 对52例ACL损伤分别应用4SHG或LARS人工韧带作为移植物进行关节镜下重建.均在术前及术后3、6、12和24个月进行Lysholm、Tegner、IKDC评分.结果 术后24个月LARS人工韧带组和自体4S...     

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with the Leeds-Keio artificial ligament

The Leeds-Keio (L-K) artificial ligament, developed for knee ligament reconstruction, is made of polyester with a maximum tensile strength of 2200 N. This implant works not only as a ligament but also as a scaffold onto which natural tissue grows from synovium. In an animal experiment, each strand of the L-K ligament was covered with new tissue by 2-3 weeks after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Eight weeks postoperatively, abundant fibrous tissue with extensive vascularity covered the implant, which was still histologically immature. After 16 weeks, vascularization and tissue induction began to subside, and histologic analysis showed dense fibers running longitudinally and parallel. By 36 weeks, the new ligament looked like a natural anterior cruciate ligament, although histologically more cells could be seen than in the natural ligament. This maturation was observed only when the substitute was implanted under good tension. Clinically, the surgical procedure has been improved over the past 10 years, to the current practice in which the tape-in-tube double L-K ligament employs a small piece of autogenous tissue to promote early tissue induction and maturation. Using this practice (n = 135), more than 85% of the patients were satisfied subjectively, objectively, and arthroscopically at the 5-year postoperative FU period. Few patients had joint effusion postoperatively. Sacrifice of autogenous tissue is minimal. The patient can return to activities of daily living within 2 weeks, and more than 50% of them to sports within 10 weeks, and the new ligament is expected to keep its function for a long period as ingrowth completes the structure biologically.     

带血运的髌韧带重建前交叉韧带

膝关节前交叉韧带（anterior cruciate ligament，ACL）断裂的发生率较高，新鲜的断裂伤可直接缝合修复，而陈旧性断裂因变性萎缩需要手术重建，其中自体髌腱中1／3重建ACL因取材方便、重建韧带强度高、安全可靠，已成为重建的常规手术。目前利用替代物重建术失败的原因很多，其中替代物游离后失去血供，导致替代物变性松驰为其原因之一。为防止替代物松驰，我们自1990年8月一2004年7月采用脂肪垫与髌韧带条柬相连，保持其良好的血供，重建ACL26例，取得满意效果。     

LARS韧带重建前交叉韧带的近期疗效

目的探讨LARS韧带重建前交叉韧带(anterior cruciate ligament,ACL)的手术方法和近期疗效。方法回顾分析2008年11月-2010年4月于关节镜下采用LARS韧带重建并获完整随访的80例ACL损伤患者临床资料。男51例,女29例;年龄17～43岁,平均29.2岁。致伤原因:运动伤63例,交通事故伤14例,重物砸伤3例。左膝43例,右膝37例。病程10 d～11个月。前抽屉试验、Lachman试验和轴移试验均为阳性。术前Lysholm、Irgang、Larson评分分别为(55.4±5.7)、(48.3±6.2)、(54.8±7.4)分,国际膝关节评分委员会(IKDC)评分均低于正常值。MRI检查显示ACL损伤。术中保留ACL残余纤维束。结果术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合,无感染、下肢深静脉血栓形成等术后早期并发症发生。80例均获随访,随访时间7～24个月,平均16.8个月。术后3例股骨侧螺钉外露,2例胫骨侧螺钉松动,1例伸膝受限,均对症处理。随访期间均无LARS韧带断裂、关节纤维化等并发症发生。末次随访时前抽屉试验阳性2例,Lachman试验阳性3例,轴移试验阳性3例。术后6周及末次随访时Lysholm、Irgang、Larson评分与术前比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后6周及末次随访时IKDC评分正常率分别为43.75%(35/80)及97.50%(78/80)。结论 LARS韧带黏弹性较差,术中需要在偏伸直位固定避免屈曲受限,屈曲位允许移植物有轻微松弛,掌握其特殊手术技巧后重建ACL能获得较好的近期疗效。     

Fractures associated with patellar ligament grafts in cruciate ligament surgery.

We reviewed retrospectively 490 patellar ligament reconstructions for cruciate ligament injuries performed from 1980 to 1990. There were six cases of patellar splitting and three displaced patellar fractures in donor knees. The fissure fractures all occurred during the removal of the patellar bone block. The displaced fractures were sustained during early rehabilitation, and in two of the three patients, involved the normal contralateral knee. The major reasons for this complication were imprecise saw cuts, spreading osteotomies, and the use of a too large patellar bone block. When a trapezoidal bone block is used to self-lock in the femoral tunnel, this should preferably be taken from the tibia. Special care is needed in rehabilitation when the graft has been taken from the contralateral knee.     

Allograft ligament transplantation in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction patients with meniscal tears

Background

It currently remains unclear whether the meniscal repair clinical results were affected by the graft used in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. This retrospective study designed to evaluate the difference in clinical outcomes of meniscal repair using autograft and allograft for the ACL reconstruction.

Methods

The injury of the ACL and meniscus was evaluated with MRI and treated simultaneously. One hundred and eighty-nine cases were initially fulfilled the study criteria, and had the surgery in the period June 2007 and July 2010. Thirty-four patients were lost to follow-up. Seventy-five patients underwent meniscus repair with autograft reconstruction of the ACL (autograft group) and 80 patients underwent meniscus repair with allograft reconstruction of the ACL (allograft group).

Results

The meniscus healing rate based on the clinical examination of Barrett’s criteria was 81.3 % (61/75) in the autograft group and 80.0 % (64/80) in the allograft (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the Lysholm scores in the allograft group compared to the allograft group (89.1 ± 10.6 versus 88.7 ± 11.2, P > 0.05). The values of immunoglobulin’s and complements (IgG, IgA, IgM, C3 and C4) were not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusion

The data support our assumption that patients undergoing meniscal repair associated with ACL reconstruction with allograft had good clinical outcomes. Although allograft implantation induces an immunological response on a subclinical level, there were no signs of allograft affecting the nature of meniscus healing.     

关节镜下运用LARS人工韧带重建膝前交叉韧带

[目的]探讨在关节镜下运用"LARS人工韧带"重建膝前交叉韧带的手术方法和临床疗效.[方法]2006年6月起运用法国LARS膝关节前交叉韧带治疗急性前交叉韧带断裂15例,男11例,女4例,年龄22～51岁(平均26.8岁).所有患者术前Arto-scan均提示前交叉韧带连续信号中断,膝关节Lysholm评分平均50分.治疗在关节镜F完成,股骨隧道口定位在外髁内侧面140°弓形弧的中心点,胫骨隧道口定位在平台内外侧髁问嵴之间、髁间窝顶线后2～4 mm.骨隧道直径为7.5 mm、LARs韧带直径为8 mm、空心挤压螺钉直径为8 mm.[结果]经平均18个月随访,术后Lysholm评分平均90分,优8例,良5例,可2例,近期优良率为86.6%.本组无术后感染、无韧带自发断裂、无韧带松动并发症.[结论]运用"LARS人工韧带"重建膝前交叉韧带可达到解剖重建,可有效恢复膝关节稳定性;关节镜下手术拥有创伤小、康复快、疗效好等微创特点.     

Aplasia of the anterior cruciate ligament with a compensating posterior cruciate ligament.

Aplasia of the anterior cruciate ligament is a rare condition and is usually associated with other abnormalities of the lower extremities. We report aplasia of the anterior cruciate ligament with a compensating posterior cruciate ligament in a 15-year-old boy.