研究地球化学机制的热动力学方法

章介绍了热动力学方法的研究历史，研究原理以及在研究地球化学机制中的应用，如石膏的脱水反应机制可分二步进行，ＣａＳｏ４．２Ｈ２Ｏ→ＣａＳＯ４．１／２Ｈ２Ｏ→ＣＳＯ４活化能Ｅ＝１１８．７ＫＪ／ｍｏｌ，脱水温度Ｔ＝３８０．６０，呱应速率Ｋ１＝４．４１×１０＾－４Ｓ＾－１方解石的溶解反应机制，在０－５０００Ｓ期间以溶解反应为主，嗣后，发生周期性的溶解反应，热谱图上表现为化学振荡。     

花岗岩－KBF＿4－Na＿2MoO＿4体系的实验结果

花岗岩－ＫＢＦ＿４－Ｎａ＿２ＭｏＯ＿４体系的实验结果朱永峰（北京大学地质学系，１００８７１）常压下花岗岩－ＫＢＦ＿４－Ｎａ＿２ＭｏＯ＿４体系在１２５０℃条件下呈均匀熔体状态，成矿元素Ｍｏ及其它元素（如Ｆ，Ｃｌ，Ｈ＿２Ｏ及变网离子Ｃａ，Ｎａ，Ｋ，Ｍｇ等...     

天山巩乃斯河流域季节性积雪化学成分特征与时空变化分析

巩乃斯河流域积雪阴、阳离子的空间变化以Ｋ＋＋Ｎａ＋、Ｃａ２＋与ＳＯ２－４和ＨＣＯ－３等离子最明显;Ｋ＋＋Ｎａ＋与ＳＯ２－４、Ｃａ２＋与ＨＣＯ－３变化基本同步．从新降雪阴、阳离子的时间变化上看,隆冬季节积雪深厚范围广,相应离子含量低．调查区积雪对局地人类活动所造成的污染有较明显的记录．     

河台韧性剪切带金矿床成矿物理化学条件研究及熔融包裹体的发现

河台韧性切带金矿床产于震旦系－志留为质岩系深大断裂糜棱岩带中,本研究首次在矿床含矿石英脉及糜棱岩中发现熔融包裹体,流体－熔融包裹体及有机包裹体。不同类型包裹体均一温度,有机包裹体为１６０℃,成矿流体属Ｋ＾＋－Ｃａ＾２＋－Ｍｇ＾２＋－Ｎａ＾＋－ＳＯ４＾２－ＨＣＯ＾２－４－ＨＣＯ３＾－４－Ｃｌ＾－体系,具中偏碱性,微量气体特征：Ｈ２Ｏ〉ＣＯ２〉ＣＨ４〉（或〈）Ｈ２〉ＣＯ〉Ｃ２Ｈ２〉Ｃ２Ｈ６〉Ｏ２〉ＨＪ     

胶东台上金矿成矿机制模拟实验研究

模拟实验研究表明，台上金矿床的成矿机制为：胶东群地层重熔形成滦家河花岗岩岩浆时，初始浆为几乎均匀的熔体相；随着结晶成岩作用的进行，由于局部岩浆结晶分异作用，产生富Ｋ＾＋，Ｎａ＾２＾＋，Ｃａ＾２＾＋，Ｍｇ＾２＾＋，Ｆ＾－，Ｃｌ＾－，Ｓ＾２＾－，ＣＯ３＾２＾－及挥发份ＣＯ２，ＣＯ，Ｈ２Ｏ等的流体相，并不断从已结晶矿物及残熔体中，以［Ａｕ（ＨＳ）２］＾－，［Ａｕ（ＨＳ）Ｓ］＾２＾－，ＡｕＣｌ４］＾－等络     

北方地区酸雨对地下水硬度形成的影响机制分析

由酸雨对包气带土样的淋滤试验和浸泡试验资料表明，在岩－水相互作用的初期，硬度主要来自土中易溶盐的溶解和Ｈ＾＋，Ｎａ＾＋对土颗粒表面Ｃａ＾２＋，Ｍｇ＾２＋，Ｆｅ＾２＋等的交换；在后期，硬度主要来自土中碳酸盐，铝硅酸盐的风化水解。酸雨中的酸度与土壤溶液中的碱度的中和过程，即是水中硬度的形成过程，酸雨的ｐＨ值越低，在相同作用时内形成的硬度值越高。ＳＯ４＾２－，ＨＣＯ３＾－是硬度组分自土中迁出的主要载体；     

新矿物硒锑矿形成的地质地球化学环境

在我国贵州某低中温热卤水改造层控铀－汞矿床和湖南某古岩溶热造铀矿床中几乎同时发现了新矿物─—硒锑矿（Ｓｂ＿２Ｓｅ＿３）．该矿物的单晶呈细板条状、针状，集合体呈放射状、禾束状。确定硒锑矿形成于１３０─１６０℃富含Ｃａ￣（２＋），Ｎａ￣＋，Ｍｇ￣（２＋），ＳＯ＿４￣２－，ＨＣＯ＿３￣－的弱酸性─弱碱性热液，伴生一套典型的低中温热液矿物组合和围岩蚀变。硒锑矿是低中温热液标型矿物     

娘子关泉域岩溶地下水SO_4~(2-),Ca~(2+),Mg~(2+)污染分析

分析了娘子关泉域岩溶地下水ＳＯ２－４,Ｃａ２＋,Ｍｇ２＋等组分含量增多的原因,并定量地探讨了ＳＯ２－４,Ｃａ２＋,Ｍｇ２＋的各种来源比例。研究表明,含水层中石膏溶解及硫化物氧化是造成ＳＯ２－４,Ｃａ２＋,Ｍｇ２＋高含量的主要原因,控制硫化物氧化水进入含水层,对水质改良有显著效果。     

盆地卤水化学成分的一级控制因素

世界范围内许多沉积盆地地下卤水的矿化度变化范围超过４个数量级，主要受大气水，海水和地表蒸发卤水与来自地下蒸发岩脱水和溶解的流体相混合的物理作用所控制，尽管在任意给定矿化度下地下卤水中的主要离子含量相关１０倍以上，但随着矿化度的增加，水中的Ｎａ＾＋，Ｋ＾＋，Ｍｇ＾２＋和Ｃａ＾２＋普遍系统地增加而ＰＨ值和ＨＣＯ＾－３系统地减小却支持了这样的假设，即接近由硅酸盐－碳酸盐士（卤化物）矿物组合控制的热力学缓     

娘子关泉域岩溶地下水SO^2—4,Ca^2＋,Mg^2＋污染分析

分析了娘子关泉域岩溶地下水ＳＯ＾２－４,Ｃａ＾２＋,Ｍｇ＾２＋等组分含量增多的原因,并定量地探讨了ＳＯ＾２－４,Ｃａ＾２＋,Ｍｇ＾２＋的各种来源比例。研究表明,含水层中石膏溶解及硫化物氧化是ＳＯ＾２－４,Ｃａ＾２＋,Ｍｇ＾２＋高含量的主要原因,控制硫化物氧化水进入含水层,对水质改良有显著效果。     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861     

ENGINEERING GEOLOGY

正20141768 An Shaopeng(Institute of Rock and Soil Mechannics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430071,China);Wei Lide Experimental Study on Mechanical Behavior of Xigeda Formation Siltstone and Structure Interface(Journal of Engineering Geology,ISSN1004-9665,CN11-3249/P,21(5),2013,p.702-708,9illus.,1 table,16 refs.)     

HISTORICAL GEOLOGY & STRATIGRAPHY

正20140985Chen Liang(Post-Doctoral Research Station of Mining Engineering,School of Nuclear Resources and Nuclear Fuel Engineering,University of South China,Heng-yang 421001,China);Huang Wei Composition of Major and Correlated Elements with Organic Matters and Paleoclimatic Implication for Lower Paleogene Sediments in Sanshui Basin