现代医学教学中流媒体技术的应用研究

阐述了流式媒体技术及其工作原理，介绍了流媒体系统的选用。简述了Windows Media Technology系统组成及利用流媒体技术制作医学教学课件的方法，并对其在局域网中的应用进行了探讨。     

医院手术教学片制作要求与技术处理

目的解决医学生无法现场观摩,却要了解手术全过程的问题。促进教学、培训和学术交流。方法以医疗示教系统为平台,借助流媒体技术和电视制作技术。结果起到广泛学术交流、创新学习。结论是一种新型的临床教学方法。     

媒介可供性视角下医学期刊新媒体传播的创新实践研究——基于8种中外期刊的对比分析

【目的】 分析国内外医学期刊新媒体传播现状,探索提升国内医学期刊新媒体传播水平的策略。【方法】 通过文献调研,结合媒介可供性理论,以国际四大医学期刊为主体,以国内4种医学期刊为参照,在对比研究的基础上分析医学期刊新媒体实践情况。【结果】 国内医学期刊新媒体传播渠道略显单一,内容缺少示意传情的情感元素,与用户缺乏有效的互动交流和双向沟通,内容契合移动传播特性的程度不够,传播适配移动端的兼容性有待提升。【结论】 为了提高新媒体传播能力,医学期刊要灵活把握媒介融合发展规律,充分发掘技术潜能,从完善新媒体矩阵建设体系、内容融入共情共意传播理念、扩大与用户互动交流渠道以及紧跟移动传播发展趋势等多方面、多角度、多领域综合推进新媒体实践创新。     

医疗视频点播系统的设计与研究

针对医院中医疗视频管理不善、易造成资源浪费的现象，提出采用流式传输技术开发视频点播系统。使用FFmpeg、SDL、Live555流媒体库，并与MFC开发的医患交流平台相结合，实现医疗视频等资料的有效管理，服务于更多的用户。系统应用结果表明，医疗视频点播系统不仅使医疗视频资源得到充分利用，也为医生之间的技术交流、医患有效沟通架起了桥梁。     

医学影像系统Streaming框架的设计和实现

提出医学影像Streaming概念,并设计和实现一个基于DICOM动态影像和静态影像的Streaming框架,有效地提高了浏览的实时性,使浏览影像更加方便.     

融媒体背景下地理资源中文学术期刊宣传推广现状及策略探究

【目的】分析地理资源中文学术期刊宣传推广策略,以促进中文学术期刊的融媒体发展。【方法】以27种地理资源领域高质量中文学术期刊为研究对象,通过期刊官网和微信公众号等途径获取信息,分析这些期刊对当前主流融媒体平台(官网、微信平台、期刊App、短视频平台、直播平台)的应用情况。【结果】有20种期刊在官网提供Rich HTML,为期刊进行多维度宣传推广提供理想的数据基础,但大部分期刊官网依旧是纸刊的电子化,缺乏更多深层次的知识服务内容。24种期刊开通微信公众号,3种期刊借用集群平台发布消息,微信推送内容大体类似,缺乏对内容的深度加工和二次拓展。少数期刊发布短视频(5种)和开展直播(7种)。短视频主要是文章分享、会议直播、期刊宣传等内容,内容的二次开发和扩展还有较大的挖掘空间;直播更多是期刊作为协办单位的会议直播,期刊自主策划和具有特色的内容较为缺乏。总体上,27种期刊虽然都开展不同程度的融媒体宣传推广,但真正实现深度融合的期刊仍在少数。【结论】地理资源学术期刊融媒体宣传推广任重道远。需要重视官网作为主阵地的融媒体建设,选择合适的辅助渠道进行多矩阵布局,并结合用户需求专注做好内容,此外,还需制订周期性计划以保证内容的可持续供给和质量。     

Can We Use Social Media to Support Content Validity of Patient-Reported Outcome Instruments in Medical Product Development?

We report a panel designed to open a dialog between pharmaceutical sponsors, regulatory reviewers, and other stakeholders regarding the use of social media to collect data to support the content validity of patient-reported outcome instruments in the context of medical product labeling. Multiple stakeholder perspectives were brought together to better understand the issues encountered in pursuing social media as a form of data collection to support content validity. Presenters represented a pharmaceutical sponsor of clinical trials, a regulatory reviewer from the Food and Drug Administration, and an online data platform provider. Each presenter shared its perspective on the advantages and disadvantages of using social media to collect this type of information. There was consensus that there is great potential for using social media for this purpose. There remain, however, unanswered questions that need to be addressed such as identifying which type of social media is most appropriate for data collection and ensuring that participants are representative of the target population while maintaining the advantages of anonymity provided by online platforms. The use of social media to collect evidence of content validity holds much promise. Clarification of issues that need to be addressed and accumulation of empirical evidence to address these questions are essential to moving forward.     

医院视频网络数码直播系统的建立

本文采用MPEG4视频压缩技术，对医院各种检查及手术过程的视频进行实时编码压缩，实时数码传输，然后通过流媒体技术，实现了数码视频在医院局域网上的直播或点播。该系统可以有效地缓解医院网络通信带宽瓶颈问题，节约存储空间，并在实现医学视频数字化综合馆理的基础上，大大提高了医院科、教、研工作水平。     

在线继续医学教育学习中多媒体视频格式转换及制作

目的：为保证创建一个运行顺畅、功能完善的多媒体视频点播学习网页，确立量小质优、易被解码的流媒体格式及高效少损的格式转换软件。方法：①确立对多媒体概念及相关技术知识的理解；②对各转换软件进行比较；⑨对注意事项及问题解决等体会进行探讨。结果：对WMV流媒体格式和屏幕录制、格式转换等软件的确定；适当降低比特率能有效缩小流媒体容量；选择适合的软件可达到事半功倍的效果；像素是影响容量和清晰度的重要因素之一。结论：视频格式转换等技术处理是一项技术性很强、熟能生巧的工作。通过对新技术的不断学习、结合医学教学特点提高教学质量，能够多快好省地为医学在线教育服务。     

#DocsOnTwitter: How Physicians use Social Media to Build Social Capital

Using social capital theory, Augustana University healthcare marketing students examined how medical professionals utilize social media to further engage with their communities. The team selected Twitter as the social media network from which to collect data because of its popularity and ease of use. The sample was drawn from 1,000 Twitter profiles that were retrieved from 24 keywords such as MD. A total of 3,378,285 tweets from this sample were collected and analyzed for content, use of hashtags, mobile device use, frequency, longevity, medical relevance, medical specialty, gender, and approximate age. This is an important first look, using Big Data, at how physicians parlay the popularity of social media to build social capital through sharing research with colleagues, connecting with patients and prospective patients, and extending their personal and employer brands to increasingly information-hungry and interactive consumers.     

Digital health care--the convergence of health care and the Internet

The author believes that interactive media (the Internet and the World Wide Web) and associated applications used to access those media (portals, browsers, specialized Web-based applications) will result in a substantial, positive, and measurable impact on medical care faster than any previous information technology or communications tool. Acknowledging the dynamic environment, the author classifies "pure" digital health care companies into three business service areas: content, connectivity, and commerce. Companies offering these services are attempting to tap into a host of different markets within the health care industry including providers, payers, pharmaceutical and medical products companies, employers, distributors, and consumers. As the fastest growing medium in history, and given the unique nature of health care information and the tremendous demand for content among industry professionals and consumers, the Internet offers a more robust and targeted direct marketing opportunity than traditional media. From the medical consumer's standpoint (i.e., the patient) the author sees the Internet as performing five critical functions: (1) Disseminate information, (2) Aid informed decision making, (3) Promote health, (4) Provide a means for information exchange and support--the community concept, and (5) Increase self-care and manage demand for health services, lowering direct medical costs. The author firmly submits the Web will provide overall benefits to the health care economy as health information consumers manage their own health problems that might not directly benefit from an encounter with a health professional. Marrying the Internet to other interactive technologies, including voice recognition systems and telephone-based triage lines among others, holds the promise of reducing unnecessary medical services.     

Reversible dynamic secure steganography for medical image using graph coloring

Securing data in telemedicine applications is extremely essential and therefore it is mandatory to develop algorithms which preserve the data transmitted. Steganography (information hiding technique) plays a crucial role in telemedicine applications by providing confidentiality, integrity, availability and authenticity. This paper proposes a novel steganography technique that conceals patient information inside a medical image using a dynamic key generated by graph 3 coloring problem. The proposed method ensures reversibility as the original medical image is restored after extracting the embedded data from the stego medical image. Despite the embedding of patient information in the medical image, the visual quality of the image is preserved. Experimental results show that the proposed method is resistant against uniform affine transformations such as cropping, rotation and scaling. The proposed method is designed by considering issues related to transmission errors which could contaminate the medical images transmitted. The performance of the proposed method is compared to other information hiding methods against various parameters such as robustness of stego-image against affine transformations, toughness of the dynamic key generated, detection of transmission error, embedding rate and reversibility.     

COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy on Social Media: Building a Public Twitter Data Set of Antivaccine Content,Vaccine Misinformation,and Conspiracies

BackgroundFalse claims about COVID-19 vaccines can undermine public trust in ongoing vaccination campaigns, posing a threat to global public health. Misinformation originating from various sources has been spreading on the web since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. Antivaccine activists have also begun to use platforms such as Twitter to promote their views. To properly understand the phenomenon of vaccine hesitancy through the lens of social media, it is of great importance to gather the relevant data.ObjectiveIn this paper, we describe a data set of Twitter posts and Twitter accounts that publicly exhibit a strong antivaccine stance. The data set is made available to the research community via our AvaxTweets data set GitHub repository. We characterize the collected accounts in terms of prominent hashtags, shared news sources, and most likely political leaning.MethodsWe started the ongoing data collection on October 18, 2020, leveraging the Twitter streaming application programming interface (API) to follow a set of specific antivaccine-related keywords. Then, we collected the historical tweets of the set of accounts that engaged in spreading antivaccination narratives between October 2020 and December 2020, leveraging the Academic Track Twitter API. The political leaning of the accounts was estimated by measuring the political bias of the media outlets they shared.ResultsWe gathered two curated Twitter data collections and made them publicly available: (1) a streaming keyword–centered data collection with more than 1.8 million tweets, and (2) a historical account–level data collection with more than 135 million tweets. The accounts engaged in the antivaccination narratives lean to the right (conservative) direction of the political spectrum. The vaccine hesitancy is fueled by misinformation originating from websites with already questionable credibility.ConclusionsThe vaccine-related misinformation on social media may exacerbate the levels of vaccine hesitancy, hampering progress toward vaccine-induced herd immunity, and could potentially increase the number of infections related to new COVID-19 variants. For these reasons, understanding vaccine hesitancy through the lens of social media is of paramount importance. Because data access is the first obstacle to attain this goal, we published a data set that can be used in studying antivaccine misinformation on social media and enable a better understanding of vaccine hesitancy.     

一种体内微型医疗装置磁标记定位系统的人机操作平台设计

设计了一种应用于体内微型医疗装置磁标记定位系统的人机操作平台,该软件系统基于Microsoft公司的VisualBasic(VB)开发环境及SGI公司的OpenGL技术平台而开发,实现了数据采集的控制,三维场景的生成,定位数据的整合、计算、三维表达,图像数据的打开、保存,图像数据的动态演示等功能。     

医院流媒体网络教学系统的设计与实现

本文简要介绍了流媒体技术,详细阐述了医院流媒体网络教学系统的设计和各级软、硬件配置及该系统在医院实际运用中实现的主要功能。     

医院船医疗救治模拟仿真系统的设计与开发

目的：设计和实现医院船海上医疗救治动态过程模拟仿真系统,为该装备的战术技术指标确定和使用研究提供依据。方法：以排队论为理论基础．采用离散事件系统仿真建立系统数学模型,给定伤病员总数、种类、病情及分布比例．实现计算机模拟伤病员符合不同随机模式的随机到达、医疗救治资源和医疗救治的组织、救治流程和救治规则的动态仿真计算。结果：应用该系统,能够获得医院船在给定时间内不同救活环境的伤病员救活通过率和各种救治过程数据。结论：计算机对难以重复实际展开的大规模医院船伤员医疗救治和通过过程的模拟,能够灵活满足各种不同条件下使用的需要,同时也为医院船医疗资源配置优化提供依据。     

Houseofficers' reactions to media coverage about the sequencing of the human genome

After the announcement that sequencing of the human genome was nearly complete, media coverage was extensive. In light of ample evidence that the media are a primary source of health and science information, even for health professionals, media portrayals are often inaccurate or misleading, and discoveries that emanate from sequencing the human genome are likely to influence future health care, it is important to assess physicians' interpretations of media coverage about the human genome announcement. This paper describes the reactions of a sample of new physicians in the United States to this announcement, as well as the content of the stories they read or heard. Semi-structured surveys were distributed to all incoming houseofficers during Orientation at one major academic medical center. Eighty-one percent of 190 houseofficers returned a survey; 123 completed surveys were analyzed. Fifty-four percent of respondents thought the media message was only positive and 21% thought it was negative or mixed. Participants who reported radio as their media source were less likely to recall positive messages (p<0.05). Sixty-five percent and 76%, respectively, had positive perceptions of the impact of the accomplishment on people and on the medical profession. Overall, 48% were enthusiastic and 52% were guarded about the accomplishment. Enthusiasm was related to being an adult primary care houseofficer (p=0.07) or to having heard about it on television or in the newspaper (p<0.05). Of the 36 stories analyzed, newspaper and television reports focused more on medical implications and radio reports focused more on ethical issues. The degree of enthusiasm about the accomplishment reflects the content of the media coverage, and, at least for adult primary care houseofficers, probably reflects the increasing relevance of genetic discoveries to medical practice. Since physicians obtain much of their health and science information from the media, they can play an instrumental role in helping their patients interpret media coverage of advances in genetics and their impact on health care. However, this will require that physicians develop an appreciation of the newsmaking process, and how subtle interactions between politics, the media and science influence the "framing" of media coverage.     

Inconsistent journalism: the coverage of chronic diseases in the Mexican press

The mass media are recognized by many social scientists as important sources of medical information for lay people and as a positive influence on those working in the health care professions. However, there is a lack of study about print and mass media reporting on major health problems in developing countries such as Mexico. This article presents the findings of a study conducted to identify specific messages that the Mexican print media convey to the general reader about chronic diseases, especially one of the most important and pervasive, diabetes. We undertook a comprehensive review and content analysis of secondary source media reporting in the Boletin (Bulletin)--published by the Department of Education and Health, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Xochimilco. The Boletin summarizes all articles related to health matters published in 12 national daily newspapers and 3 magazines. Our study covered all issues of the Boletin from 1992 through 1996. Our findings indicate that at times the press and popular print media disseminate an incomplete and often biased picture of chronic diseases prevalent in Mexico. Specifically, the press gives equal or more important coverage of acute diseases, or to AIDS, than to other major chronic conditions. The press also reproduces the biomedical model of disease and does not address topics important to certain segments of the population, including the patient. Moreover, the media may present an overly idealized impression of the capability of health services. Consequently, this failure to address the issues of certain widespread, chronic illnesses is severe enough to ask about the role of the press in medical health care reform. We conclude by suggesting areas for further research.     

Inconsistent Journalism: The Coverage of Chronic Diseases in the Mexican Press

The mass media are recognized by many social scientists as important sources of medical information for lay people and as a positive influence on those working in the health care professions. However, there is a lack of study about print and mass media reporting on major health problems in developing countries such as Mexico. This article presents the findings of a study conducted to identify specific messages that the Mexican print media convey to the general reader about chronic diseases, especially one of the most important and pervasive, diabetes. We undertook a comprehensive review and content analysis of secondary source media reporting in the Boletin (Bulletin) - published by the Department of Education and Health, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Xochimilco. The Boletin summarizes all articles related to health matters published in 12 national daily newspapers and 3 magazines. Our study covered all issues of the Boletin from 1992 through 1996. Our findings indicate that at times the press and popular print media disseminate an incomplete and often biased picture of chronic diseases prevalent in Mexico. Specifically, the press gives equal or more important coverage of acute diseases, or to AIDS, than to other major chronic conditions. The press also reproduces the biomedical model of disease and does not address topics important to certain segments of the population, including the patient. Moreover, the media may present an overly idealized impression of the capability of health services. Consequently, this failure to address the issues of certain widespread, chronic illnesses is severe enough to ask about the role of the press in medical health care reform. We conclude by suggesting areas for further research.     

Business and Breakthrough: Framing (Expanded) Genetic Carrier Screening for the Public

A growing body of research has given attention to issues surrounding genetic testing, including expanded carrier screening (ECS), an elective medical test that allows planning or expecting parents to consider the potential occurrence of genetic diseases and disorders in their children. These studies have noted the role of the mass media in driving public perceptions about such testing, giving particular attention to ways in which coverage of genetics and genetic testing broadly may drive public attitudes and choices concerning the morality, legality, ethics, and parental well-being involved in genetic technologies. However, few studies have explored how mass media are covering the newer test, ECS. Drawing on health-related framing studies that have shown in varying degrees the impact particular frames such as gain/loss and thematic/episodic can have on the public, this study examines the frame selection employed by online media in its coverage of ECS. This analysis—combined with an analysis of the sources and topics used in such coverage and how they relate to selected frames—helps to clarify how mass media are covering an increasingly important medical test and offers considerations of how such coverage may inform mass media scholarship as well as health-related practices.