水分对常压等离子体处理纤维结构与性能的影响

在空气相对湿度为5%,65%和95%的条件下,应用氦气/氧气常压等离子体处理芳纶和超高强度聚乙烯纤维,采用单纤维抽拔实验测定处理前后纤维与环氧树脂间的层间剪切强度,利用原子力显微镜和X射线光电子能谱仪分析等离子体处理前后纤维表面形态和化学成分的变化.结果表明:等离子体处理纤维随着处理环境湿度的增加,水分促进了芳纶表面的...     

常压等离子体改善合成纤维吸湿性的研究

用氦气作为等离子体的气体源、对涤纶、锦纶6、高强度聚乙烯纤维,Twaron 1000芳纶4种合成纤维进行常压等离子体处理,改善纤维的吸湿性能。结果表明:常压等离子体处理,对涤纶和锦纶6的表面有一定的刻蚀作用,但对高强度聚乙烯纤维、Twaron 1000芳纶的表面没有明显影响;经常压等离子体处理后,合成纤维表面氧、氮有所增加,吸湿性能得到提高,强度没有显著变化。     

常压辉光放电等离子体对化纤及其它聚合物材料的表面处理研究进展

常压辉光放电等离子体(APGDP)具有不需要在低气压下运行、可实现连续生产、能产生大面积均匀放电且面功率密度合适等优点,其在化纤及其它聚合物的表面改性上有很好的应用前景,是近期等离子体应用研究中的一个热点。主要综述了APGDP对化纤及其它聚合物的表面处理,并扼要地介绍了APGDP对化纤及其它聚合物的等离子体聚合和等离子体引发的聚合或表面接枝,以及有关化纤染色性的研究。     

常压等离子体射流对聚乙烯醇薄膜性能的影响

用常压等离子体射流处理不同含水率聚乙烯醇（PVA）薄膜,通过扫描电镜（SEM）观察薄膜表面形态,并用红外光谱测试仪（FTIR）、X光电子能谱（XPS）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）分析了等离子体处理前后含水率为1.85%MC及41.33%MC两种 PVA化学结构及结晶结构的变化。试验结果表明:水分可加速氦气/氧气等离子体对PVA刻蚀及氧化,其中刻蚀速率达0.68μm/min,氧含量从30.8%提高到34.8％;同时,经过处理的薄膜结晶度增加了48％。     

等离子体处理聚丙烯塑料磁体的结构与性能研究

本研究采用空气和乙醇混合气等离子体，处理聚丙烯，在其大分子上引入极性基团，增进塑增的综合性能，并用红外光谱、流变仪、差示扫描量热法、电子显微镜等进行性能测定。     

常压等离子体改善高性能纤维粘结性的研究

以氦气为载气,氧气为反应气体,对高强度聚乙烯和Twaron 1000芳纶两种高性能纤维进行常压等离子体处理,来改善纤维的粘结性能;采用单纤维抽拔实验测定等离子体处理前后纤维与环氧树脂之间的界面剪切力;利用原子力显微镜和X射线光电子能谱仪分析等离子体处理前后纤维表面形态和化学成分的变化。结果表明:高强度聚乙烯纤维和芳纶经常压等离子体处理后,纤维表面粗糙度增加,纤维表面碳元素含量下降,羟基、羧基等含氧或氮的极性基团增加,纤维粘结性能得到提高,但其强度无明显变化。     

低温等离子体处理尼龙66表面形态结构的研究

本文应用扫描电镜和广角Ｘ－ｒａｙ衍射仪研究了等离子体处理尼龙６６表面形成结构的变化。结果表明，随处理功率增大和时间增长，该蚀由非晶区向晶区发展。结晶度随之增大到最高值，然后下降。不同气体对尼龙６６表面刻蚀作用：Ｏ２＞Ａｉｒ＞Ｎ２．     

等离子体处理对芳纶性能的影响

芳纶作为增强材料在复合材料中有广泛的应用,其界面性能是影响其复合材料界面粘结性能的重要因素。分别采用H2、空气低温等离子体对芳纶表面进行了处理。研究了等离子体表面改性后芳纶性能的变化。结果表明:经低温等离子体处理后纤维表面张力增大,由46.0mN·m-1增加到63.2mN·m-1;表面极性增强,极性分数由58.0%提高到69.9%,而纤维单丝断裂强度未有明显变化。     

RF-Ar等离子体处理PET薄膜的亲水性及表面结构

在工作压力为20Pa,功率为60W的条件下,采用RF-Ar等离子体对聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)薄膜进行了不同时间的表面改性。采用静态接触角、傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线光电子能谱、原子力显微镜对薄膜改性前后的亲水性和表面结构进行了分析。结果表明,在0～120s的处理时间内,随着处理时间的增加,接触角呈现逐渐减小的趋势;而处理时间为120～300s时,随着处理时间的增加,接触角的变化并不明显,其值在22°～23.5°之间;处理后的薄膜表面引入了C—N、N—C=O、C=O、C—O等极性官能团;薄膜表面出现了圆锥状或圆球状的突起,粗糙度发生了变化。     

低温等离子体处理对芳纶/环氧界面性能的影响

在采用低温等离子体对芳纶纤维进行表面处理后，用扫描电镜观察处理前后的纤维表面，测试了纤维的拉伸性能，并用单纤维抽拔法对芳纶纤维／环氧树脂的界面性能做了定量的表征。实验结果表明：经低温等离子体处理后，芳纶纤维表面变得粗糙，拉伸强度随处理时间延长而下降，纤维初始模量和断裂伸长率略有下降，而芳纶／环氧界面的粘结强度有所提高。     

常压等离子射流表面改性超高模量聚乙烯纤维

利用常压等离子射流(APPJ)方法对超高模量聚乙烯(UHMPE)纤维进行表面改性处理。研究了处理前后UHMPE纤维的力学性能、表面形貌、化学成分、表面粘结性能的变化。结果表明,常压等离子射流处理后,UHMPE纤维的强度未发生显著变化,纤维表面粗糙度增加,表面氧元素的含量增加,表面极性基团增加,纤维与环氧树脂之间的粘结性能得到显著的改善。     

Surface characterization of PET nonwoven fabric treated by He/O2 atmospheric pressure plasma

The surface of polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) nonwoven fabric was modified by He/O₂ atmospheric pressure plasma treatment, varying plasma exposure time. The plasma treated PET surfaces have been analyzed to investigate the chemical nature and morphology of surface by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively. The change of wettability was measured depending on plasma exposure time. XPS results indicated the presence of oxygen‐based functional groups on the PET nonwoven fabric surface after plasma treatment and oxygen content increased as exposure time increased. The mean roughness increased after 30 s exposure and further increase in exposure to 60 s led to decrease of the roughness and then again increase. The root mean square roughness followed the similar trend to mean roughness. The average difference in height, Rz, increased after plasma exposure for 30 s, while it slightly decreased after 60 s exposure. Despite of redeposition, the Rz of 90 s exposed sample increased more than two times compared with those of 30 and 60 s exposed. Wettability increased progressively up to 10 times after 90 s exposure compared with the untreated. It is attributed to the increases of hydrophilicity and surface roughness. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Study on wettability improvement and its uniformity of wool fabric treated by atmospheric pressure plasma jet

The influence of processing parameters on wettability improvement and its uniformity of wool fabric treated by atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) was explored. A woven wool fabric was treated by APPJ under various treatment conditions such as different treatment time, different oxygen flow rate, and different jet‐to‐substrate distance. The water absorption time of wool fabric was measured to determine wettability improvement. The diffusion photo of water droplet on wool fabric surface was taken by digital camera to reflect wettability uniformity. After APPJ treatment, SEM observation showed that the scales on the wool fiber surface directly facing plasma jet pores were destroyed than those on the other fiber surface. XPS analysis showed that the carbon concentration substantially decreased. The concentration of oxygen and nitrogen significantly increased and but the concentration of sulfur and silicon did not obviously changed. With the addition of oxygen gas, more polar groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl produced on wool fiber surface. The water absorption time of wool fabric greatly reduced indicating wettability improvement. The diffusion of water droplet on wool fabric surface was also larger and more homogenous suggesting uniform plasma treatment. It was concluded that the wettability improvement and its uniformity of the treated wool fabric increased and then decreased with the increasing oxygen flow rate and jet‐to‐substrate distance, and increased with the increasing treatment time. Therefore to achieve reasonable wettability and its uniformity of the wool fabric treated by APPJ, plasma treatment conditions have to be carefully chosen. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

常压辉光放电等离子体研究进展及聚合物表面改性

综述了常压辉光放电等离子体(APGDP)的产生机理及研究进展。介绍了难以产生稳定的APGDP 是由于辉光放电容易向细丝放电和弧光放电过渡,其解决措施是选择合适的介质板材料、电极间距、电源电压及频率、气体成分等。指出APGDP对化纤聚合物表面改性的效果与聚合物的分子结构、等离子体气体、介质板材料等因素有关,且改性效果具有时效性,要根据聚合物的分子结构选择合适的等离子体。     

Influence of absorbed moisture on antifelting property of wool treated with atmospheric pressure plasma

To determine the effect of moisture regain of wool on atmospheric pressure plasma treatment results, wool fibers and fabrics conditioned in 100% relative humidity (RH) and 65% RH were treated by an atmospheric pressure plasma jet with pure helium and helium/oxygen mixed gas, respectively. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) indicated that scales of wool fiber were smoothened for fibers conditioned in the 100% RH. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that carbon content decreased substantially after the plasma treatment. Surface chemical composition of 100% RH conditioned groups changed more significantly than the 65% RH conditioned groups. Water contact angle decreased significantly after the plasma treatments. In shrinkage test, plasma‐treated wool fabrics preconditioned in 100% RH showed the lowest shrinkage ratios of 5% and 6%, below 8% is required for machine‐washable wool fabrics according to ISO standard. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

Experimental investigation into the effect of adhesion properties of PEEK modified by atmospheric pressure plasma and low pressure plasma

High performance polymer, Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) (service temperature ?250°C to +300°C, tensile strength: 120 MPa) is gaining significant interest in aerospace and automotive industries. In this investigation, attention is given to understand adhesion properties of PEEK, when surface of the PEEK is modified by two different plasma processes (i) atmospheric pressure plasma and (ii) low pressure plasma under DC Glow Discharge. The PEEK sheets are fabricated by ultra high temperature resistant epoxy adhesive (DURALCO 4703, service temperature ?260°C to +350°C). The surface of the PEEK is modified through atmospheric pressure plasma with 30 and 60 s of exposure and low pressure plasma with 30, 60, 120, 240, and 480 s of exposure. It is observed that polar component of surface energy leading to total surface energy of the polymer increases significantly when exposed to atmospheric pressure plasma. In the case of low pressure plasma, polar component of surface energy leading to total surface energy of the polymer increases with time of exposure up to 120 s and thereafter, it deteriorates with increasing time of exposure. The fractured surface of the adhesively bonded PEEK is examined under SEM. It is observed that unmodified PEEK fails essentially from the adhesive to PEEK interface resulting in low adhesive bond strength. In the case of surface modified PEEK under atmospheric pressure plasma, the failure is entirely from the PEEK and essentially tensile failure at the end of the overlap resulting in significant increase in adhesive bond strength. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Influence of moisture regain of aramid fibers on effects of atmospheric pressure plasma treatment on improving adhesion with epoxy

One difference between a low‐pressure plasma treatment and an atmospheric pressure plasma treatment is that in the atmosphere, the substrate material may contain significant quantities of moisture, which could potentially influence the effects of the plasma treatment. To investigate how the existence of moisture affects atmospheric pressure plasma treatment, aramid fibers (Twaron 1000) with three different moisture regains (0.5, 4.5, and 5.5%) were treated by an atmospheric pressure plasma jet for 3 s at a gas flow rate of 8 L/min, a treatment head temperature of 100°C, and a power of 10 W. The scanning electron microscopy analysis showed no observable surface morphology change for the plasma treated samples. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis showed the oxygen contents of the 0.5 and 4.5% moisture regain groups increased from that of the control, although the opposite was true for the 5.5% moisture regain group. The advancing contact angles of the treated fibers decreased about 8°–16° whereas their receding contact angles decreased about 17°–27°. The interfacial shear strengths of the treated fibers as measured using microbond pull‐out tests were more than doubled when the moisture regain was 4.5 or 5.5%, whereas it increased by 58% when the moisture regain was 0.5%. In addition, no significant difference in single fiber tensile strength was observed among the plasma treated samples and the control sample. Therefore, we concluded that moisture regain promoted the plasma treatment effect in the improvement of the adhesion property of aramid fibers to epoxy. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 242–247, 2006