中心静脉导管引流联合IL-2和甘露聚糖肽治疗恶性胸腹腔积液

目的 评价应用中心静脉导管对恶性胸腔、腹腔积液进行闭式引流, 联合腔内注射IL-2、甘露聚糖肽的疗效及安全性.方法 从2003年7月至2005年7月期间,入选的32例恶性胸腹水患者的治疗均采用留置中心静脉导管持续闭式引流,积液引流完毕后行腔内注射人白介素-2(IL-2)或甘露聚糖肽.结果 32例中CR 7例,PR 13例,NC 12例,总有效率(CR+PR)为62.5%.留置中心静脉导管处无积液渗漏,皮肤无红肿,胸壁、腹壁无肿瘤种植等现象.结论 应用中心静脉导管联合腔内注射IL-2、甘露聚糖肽治疗恶性胸腔、腹腔积液疗效好,可以最大限度地减少胸腔、腹腔内癌细胞残留,且方法简便,微创安全,无明显并发症.     

胸腔埋置中心静脉导管治疗恶性胸腔积液38例临床分析

目的 观察经皮胸腔内埋置中心静脉导管接胸腔闭式引流,温热蒸馏水胸腔灌洗后顺铂双路化疗治疗恶性胸腔积液的临床效果.方法 38例初治恶性胸腔积液均采用经皮胸腔内埋置中心静脉导管接胸腔闭式引流,温热蒸馏水胸腔灌洗后顺铂双路化疗,治疗后观察随访评价疗效.结果 总有效率(CR PR)为89.47%(34/38).本组38例均随访3个月以上,3个月以内胸水无复发.结论 经皮胸腔内埋置中心静脉导管接胸腔闭式引流,温热蒸馏水胸腔灌洗后顺铂双路化疗治疗恶性胸腔积液疗效好、副作用少、创伤小,值得临床推广.     

恩度联合顺铂治疗恶性胸水23例临床观察

目的:观察恩度联合顺铂在中心静脉导管闭式引流下治疗恶性胸水的疗效.方法:23例患者均采用中心静脉导管闭式引流,胸腔内局部注射恩度加顺铂.结果:胸水量减少,有效率为86.9％.结论:恩度联合顺铂治疗恶性胸水有效率高,且并未增加顺铂不良反应.     

香菇多糖联合顺铂治疗恶性胸腹腔积液的临床观察

目的 观察香菇多糖联合顺铂腔内灌注治疗恶性胸腹腔积液的疗效和毒副反应.方法 入组65例恶性胸腹腔积液,置入中心静脉导管,行胸腹腔闭式引流.试验组腔内注射顺铂和香菇多糖,对照组单用顺铂,每周1次.结果 试验组有效率为77.14%,高于对照组的46.67%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组生活质量改善率为88.57%,高于对照组的66.67%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).试验组毒副反应较对照组轻.结论 香菇多糖联合顺铂腔内灌注治疗恶性胸腹腔积液,疗效肯定,毒副反应轻.     

胸腔闭式引流灌注治疗恶性胸腔积液

目的 观察奈达铂联合白介素-2(IL-2)胸腔闭式引流灌注治疗恶性胸腔积液的近期疗效和毒副反应.方法 63例恶性胸腔积液患者分为2组,应用中心静脉导管行胸腔穿刺置管和闭式引流术尽量排尽胸腔积液后,行胸腔内药物注射,观察组33例采用奈达铂+ IL-2胸腔灌注治疗,对照组30例采用顺铂+IL-2胸腔灌注治疗.结果 观察组有效率72.7％,高于对照组的16.7％,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).观察组毒副反应轻于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 采用奈达铂联合IL-2胸腔闭式引流灌注治疗恶性胸腔积液患者近期疗效好,毒副反应轻.     

中心静脉导管引流及注入胸腺法新联合顺铂治疗恶性胸腔积液86例疗效观察

目的观察中心静脉导管注入胸腺法新联合顺铂治疗恶性胸腔积液的疗效及不良反应。方法选择恶性胸腔积液患者86例,胸腔中心静脉置管行闭式引流并腔内注入胸腺法新联合顺铂,每周1次。结果总有效率为83．7％,生活质量评分提高10—20分,不良反应少。结论中心静脉导管注入胸腺法新联合顺铂治疗恶性胸腔积液,疗效肯定,不良反应轻。     

改良细导管胸腔闭式引流联合IL-2+DDP治疗恶性胸腔积液的疗效评价

目的 观察并评价改良细导管胸腔闭式引流联合白细胞介素-Ⅱ(IL-2)+顺铂(DDP)治疗恶性胸腔积液的疗效和安全性.方法 48例恶性胸腔积液患者用B超定位后予留置自制细导管,充分引流后向胸腔内注入300万U IL-2 及40 mg DDP,每周1次,共4次,观察疗效及不良反应.结果 应用改良细导管充分引流联合IL-2+DDP对恶性胸腔积液治疗的总有效率为87.5%,无严重不良反应发生.结论 改良细导管胸腔闭式引流联合IL-2+DDP治疗恶性胸腔积液疗效好、毒副反应少,且操作简便、取材方便,值得基层医院推广.     

置管引流并注入白介素-2联合顺铂治疗恶性胸腔积液疗效分析

目的探讨中央静脉导管胸腔闭式引流后注入白介素-2联合顺铂治疗恶性胸腔积液的疗效。方法 48例恶性胸腔积液患者随机分为2组,均经皮胸腔穿刺,置入中心静脉导管,联合治疗组（A组）25例,胸腔内注200万单位白介素-2和40 mg顺铂;单用顺铂组（B组）23例,胸腔内注入40 mg顺铂。A、B组均接受3次化疗,每次间隔1周。观察2组疗效和不良反应。结果所有患者均获得满意引流效果;A和B组治疗总有效率分别为84.0%和60.9%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。A组总不良反应发生率高于B组,但差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论中心静脉置管行胸腔闭式引流术具有创伤小、活动不受限以及引流效果满意等特点。白介素-2不良反应轻,耐受性好,是治疗恶性胸腔积液较好的选择。     

射频热疗联合腹腔化疗治疗癌性腹腔积液的疗效观察

目的观察射频热疗联合腹腔化疗治疗癌性腹腔积液的疗效、患者生活质量的改善及其副作用。方法确诊为癌性腹腔积液的患者68例,随机分为两组,采用中心静脉导管胸腔闭式引流尽可能排尽腹腔积液后,实验组给予腹腔灌注顺铂化疗,然后进行腹腔射频热疗。对照组仅为腹腔灌注顺铂化疗。结果治疗组与对照组有效率分别为70.59%和47.06%,P<0.05。主要毒副反应发生率两组相仿。结论射频热疗联合腹腔化疗治疗癌性腹腔积液疗效较好,提高生活质量,安全性高。     

中心静脉导管闭式引流并腔内化疗治疗恶性胸腔积液

目的观察应用中心静脉导管胸腔闭式引流并腔内化疗治疗恶性胸腔积液的疗效。方法37例恶性胸腔积液患者应用美国Arrow中心静脉导管置管行胸腔闭式引流,配合顺铂、氟脲嘧啶、丝裂霉素胸腔区域化疗。结果治疗后近期疗效:CR 11例(29.7%),PR 20例(54.1%),NC 6例(16.2%),有效率83.8%。结论中心静脉导管留置胸腔闭式引流治疗恶性胸腔积液是一种安全有效的方法,值得临床推广。     

吉西他滨联合奥沙利铂与多西他赛联合奥沙利铂治疗晚期食管鳞癌的临床观察

目的：观察吉西他滨联合奥沙利铂及多西他赛联合奥沙利铂治疗晚期食管癌的疗效和毒副反应.方法：68例晚期食管癌患者均接受化疗,随机分为两组,每组34例患者：吉西他滨1000mg/m2,d1,8,静脉滴注30min;多西他赛75mg/m2,d1,奥沙利铂85mg/m2,d1.每3周为1个周期,2个周期后评价疗效及毒副反应.结果：两组没有观察到完全缓解病例.吉西他滨组：PR 19例,SD 9例,PD 6例,总有效率为55.9%,临床获益率 82.4%,中位疾病进展时间6.1个月;多西他赛组：PR 16例,SD 11例,PD 7例,总有效率为 47.1%,临床获益率 79.4%,中位疾病进展时间 5.1个月.两组有效率（55.9%vs 47.1%,P=0.47）、临床获益率（82.4%vs 79.4%,P=0.38）及中位无进展生存时间（6.1月 vs 5.1月,P=0.524 ）均无明显差异.主要毒副反应为血液学毒性和消化道反应,两组Ⅲ-Ⅳ度恶心呕吐发生率分别为14.7%和38.2%（P=0.028）,Ⅲ-Ⅳ度白细胞减少分别为11.8%和47.1%（P=0.001）,Ⅲ-Ⅳ度血小板减少分别为32.4%和8.8%（P=0.016）,肌肉酸痛发生率分别为8.8%和32.4%（P=0.016）,末梢神经麻木分别为11.8%和 35.3%（P=0.022）.结论：吉西他滨联合奥沙利铂及多西他赛联合奥沙利铂治疗晚期食管癌近期疗效相近,毒副反应均可耐受.     

Treatment of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome with amifostine

The efficacy and toxicity of amifostine (300 mg/m(2) three times a week for three consecutive weeks for a maximum of six courses) was evaluated in 12 patients with primary myelodysplastic syndromes. Dose escalation up to 400 mg/m(2) was allowed to patients who failed to respond. Hemoglobin concentration was increased > or = 1.5 g/dl in two (18%) of the 11 anemic patients. These two patients obtained transfusion independence for 20 weeks. Reticulocyte counts and ANC increased > or = 50% of baseline in four (44%) of the nine patients with reticulocytopenia and in three (25%) of the 12 neutropenic patients. Platelet count increased in three (50%) of the six patients with thrombocytopenia. Progenitor growth of CFU-GMs and BFU-Es improved in 8/12 patients. No major side effects were observed. In conclusion amifostine is well tolerated and can promote the growth of primitive hematopoietic progenitors and ameliorate the cytopenias in MDS patients.     

Association of antidepressant drug use with outcome of patients with glioblastoma

Depressive symptoms are common among patients with glioblastoma, but patients are often not treated with antidepressants. There is only limited evidence on the association of antidepressant drug use with survival in glioblastoma. We performed a pooled analysis of patients treated within the CENTRIC, CORE, AVAglio and ACT-IV trials to explore the relation of antidepressant drug use with progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) at baseline, at the start of maintenance therapy and at the start of maintenance cycle 4. We further assessed the association of antidepressant drugs with seizure, cognition, fatigue and a diagnosis of depression. Among more than 1700 patients, we found no significant association between the use of antidepressants at baseline or at the start of maintenance therapy and PFS or OS. However, we found OS, but not PFS, to be significantly worse in patients using antidepressants at the start of maintenance cycle 4. After adjustment for antiepileptic drug use and despite showing a trend for increased risk, seizures were not significantly associated with antidepressant drug use, nor was there a change in mini mental state examination (MMSE) scores or fatigue by antidepressant drug use at baseline. However, there was a significant positive association between antidepressant use at the start of maintenance treatment and fatigue during maintenance treatment. The association of antidepressant use at the start of maintenance cycle 4 with inferior OS of glioblastoma patients requires independent confirmation and further study. Further prospective trials should evaluate efficacy, side effects and associations with outcome of antidepressants in glioblastoma.     

Treatment of bladder carcinoma with irradiation combined with misonidazole

One hundred patients suffering from cancer of the bladder were treated by external beam irradiation, 400 cGy twice a week to a total dose of 4800 cGy. One half of the patients were randomized to receive the electron affinic sensitizer agent, misonidazole, at a dose of 1 gr/m2 and a total dose of 12 gr/m2. There was no statistically significant difference in tumor responses and in recurrence--free survival time between the patients who received irradiation and misonidazole as compared to those who received irradiation and placebos.     

大剂量奥施康定联合减症放疗等综合治疗晚期肺癌伴癌痛患者1例

1 资料与方法 1.1 临床资料 患者,男,46岁.因“确诊小细胞肺癌9个月、右肺腺癌、骨转移、腹壁转移1个月”于2015年03月21日入院. 患者于1年前无明显诱因出现咳嗽、咳痰,多为大量白色黏痰,伴痰中带血,无发热、盗汗.就诊于当地医院给予抗感染治疗(具体用药不详),症状未见明显缓解,行肺CT检查提示右上肺团块状高密度影.后就诊于我院行支气管镜取病理确诊为肺小细胞肺癌(局限期),于我院行EP方案联合化疗8周期及放疗,靶区剂量66Gy/33f.6个月前患者因肩胛区出现跳跃性疼痛,疼痛评分为6分,口服起始剂量奥施康定20mg,对症治疗.3个月前因伴发热、咳嗽、咳痰再次入院,行纤维支气管镜及PET-CT明确诊断为肺恶性肿瘤(腺癌)、肺恶性肿瘤(小细胞肺癌,广泛期)、骨继发恶性肿瘤、腹壁继发恶性肿瘤,给予培美曲塞二钠单药化疗2周期,肩胛部疼痛较前无明显好转,疼痛控制不佳,为求进一步诊治入我科.病程中无发热、无咳嗽、咳痰、近1个月体重减轻约5kg.既往史无特殊.体格检查:患者一般状态稍差,KPS评分70分,全身浅表淋巴结未触及明显肿大,右上肺呼吸音弱,左侧肩胛区见一约15cm×15cm隆起,皮肤发红,触之皮温稍高,质稍硬,无波动感,轻度压痛.     

吉西他滨联合顺铂治疗晚期乳腺癌的临床观察

目的观察吉西他滨联合顺铂治疗晚期乳腺癌的疗效及不良反应。方法47例晚期乳腺癌患者采用吉西他滨1000mg/m^2,静脉滴注30min,d1,d8;顺铂25～40mg/m^2,d2～4。21d一周期,治疗2周期后评价疗效及不良反应。结果47例均可评价疗效,共完成周期数为206个。完全缓解（CR）4例,部分缓解（PR）17例,稳定（SD）15例,进展（PD）11例,总有效率（CR＋PR）44.7%,疾病控制率（CR＋PR＋SD）76.6%,中位疾病进展时间8.7个月,中位生存期为12.3个月（2.0～52.5个月）。主要不良反应为骨髓抑制、胃肠道反应。结论吉西他滨联合顺铂治疗晚期乳腺癌疗效较好,毒副反应轻,耐受性好,是晚期乳腺癌的有效治疗方案。